Matilda

Matilda ndeyechinyakare yemabhuku evana yakanyorwa naanozivikanwa munyori wenhau Roald Dahl. Iyo yayo yekutanga vhezheni muAnglo-Saxon yakaburitswa muna Gumiguru 1988 uye yakaratidza mifananidzo naBriton Quentin Blake. Chinyorwa chayo muchiSpanish chakapihwa neMupepeti Alfaguara neshanduro yaPedro Barbadillo; iyi vhezheni yakachengetedza basa raBlake.

Matilda Ndiyo imwe yenyaya dzakabudirira kwazvo dzemunyori weBritish; nhasi mamirioni emakopi ebasa akatengeswa. Iyo inoverengeka - kunyangwe iri bhuku revana - yakakunda mazera akati wandei, zvese nekuda kwekusika uye kunoshamisa kurondedzera nyaya yemunyori. Nekuda kwekukosha kwayo, mu1996 iyo firimu isingazivikanwe inoenderana neruzivo yakaburitswa; iyo firimu yakatungamirwa naDanny Devito.

Matilda Pfupiso

Kupenya zvishoma

Matilda musikana ane makore mashanu okuberekwa anogara nevabereki vake nemukoma wake mutaundi diki reChirungu. Iye Iye musikana akashinga uye anoda kuziva, uyo pazera remakore matatu chete akadzidza kuverenga nenzira yekuzvidzidzisa. Kubva zvaakawana zvakasikwa zvemabhuku, hupenyu hwake hwakashanduka. Munguva pfupi kwazvo akaverenga vanyori vakati wandei, izvo zvakawedzera ruzivo rwake munzvimbo dzakasiyana.

Kusanzwisiswa nemhuri yake

Nehurombo, Vabereki vaMatilda havana kukoshesa tarenda rakeVaimutora sechiitiko uye vaigara vachimuseka. Ivo, sekurangwa, Vakamumanikidza kuti atarise terevhizheni kwemaawa, havana kumutengera mabhuku matsva uye vaimusiya oga pamba masikati oga oga. Hazvina kutora nguva refu Matilda akaona kuti aive akangwara kupfuura vabereki vake, saka akatanga kufuratira pfungwa dzavo dzesango nezve izvo zvinonyanya kukosha.

Raibhurari uye zvidzidzo zvechikoro

Sezvo Matilda anga asina vabereki vake kwenguva zhinji yezuva, Akafunga kuenda kuraibhurari mazuva ese, kuti agutse chishuwo chake chekudzidza. Munzvimbo iyoyo ainzwa kufara zvakanyanya, nekuti aigona kuverenga pasina matambudziko uye kuwana ruzivo rutsva. Zvese zvaaifunga nekuverenga kwake zvakamutendera kuti amire kubva kune vezera rake yechikoro.

Akanaka mudzidzisi vs akaipa headmistress

Kugona kwaMatilda nekuverenga uye math vakashamisika mudzidzisi Honey, uyo akakumbira kuti akwidziridzirwe padanho. Zvakadaro, izvo hazvina kugamuchirwa zvakanaka nemutungamiriri Trunchbull, uye, achishandisa zvisizvo nzvimbo yake, akaramba chikumbiro. Maitiro aya haana kushamisa mudzidzisi, nekuti hasha dzakaipa dze "masimba" aitova ruzivo rweveruzhinji; kutaura zvazviri, zvakajairika kuti mukadzi akashata abate vana neruvengo nekuvaranga pasina chikonzero.

Kuchinja kwehupenyu

Wakatopinda muchirongwa, Matilda akaona kuti aive nerumwe rudzi rwepfungwa kugona: telekinesis (Aigona kufambisa zvinhu nepfungwa dzake). Mukukudziridza hunyanzvi ihwohwo, Honey aitsigira kwazvo. Zvisinei, kuwanikwa kwe Iyo "simba guru" yakaita kuti Matilda atarisane nesimba rakawanda izvo zvipingamupinyi zviviri zvikuru zvainge zvatotambura nazvo: zvipingamupinyi zvakaiswa na Vabereki vake uye vanopikisa uye kushungurudzwa kweakaipa Trunchbull.

Yekutanga data rebasa

Iyo inoverengeka iri yemhando ye zvinyorwa zvevana iyo inowoneka pamusoro pemapeji makumi maviri nemaviri akapatsanurwa kuita Zvitsauko zvipfupi 21. Nhoroondo ndeye akaudzwa nemunyori anoziva. Chinyorwa chinounzwa neshoko rakareruka iro rinobvumira kuverenga kwakanaka uye nekukurumidza.

Vanhu

Gavakava waMatilda

Ndiyo protagonist wenyaya. Ndezve prodigy wemwana ane hunoshamisa, hunhu hunhu uye hunoshamisa hunoshamisa. Anogara achirambwa nekushungurudzwa nevabereki vake. Hupenyu hwemusikana mudiki hunoshanduka paanopinda chikoro chepuraimari, nekuda kwerutsigiro nerudo rwemudzidzisi wake uye nehukama hwaanotangisa neshamwari dzake nyowani.

Mudzidzisi Uchi

Iye mudzidzisi wepuraimari, ane rudo uye akazvipira kuvadzidzi vake. Matilda ndomumwe wevadiki vari pasi pake. Kubva kumusangano wekutanga, zvese zvinokudziridza rudo chairwo. Hukama hwavo hunosimbisa nekufamba kwenguva, kusvika padanho rekuti Huchi anova munhu akakosha muhupenyu hwe protagonist.

Mutungamiriri Trunchbull

Pamusoro pekuve mukutungamira kwekutungamira chikoro chepuraimari, ndiye anopikisa webasa. Hunhu hwake hwakapesana zvachose nehwa Master Honey. Panyama inotsanangurwa se mukadzi akasimba uye ane chiso chisina kunaka. Pakati pezvavanoda zvakashata inosimbisa kunakidzwa kwekushandisa kuranga kwakakomba uye kwehutsinye kuvana, sekuvharira kwemaawa mukamuri ine rima.

Mr. naMai Gavakava

Ivo ndivo vabereki vekubereka vaMatilda mudiki. Ivo vaviri vane tsika dzakaipa uye vane yakaderera kwazvo IQ. Amai vacho munhu asingabhejeri uye zvepamusoro. Kune chikamu chayo, baba vacho vakazvipira mukutengesa mota dzenhema mavambo, izvo zvinoita kuti arambe achinetseka zviri pamutemo.

Vamwe vatambi

Michael ndiye mukoma mukuru waMatilda, murume wechidiki akapindwa muropa nekuona terevhizheni uye akawedzeredzwa nevabereki vake - vanoishandisa kunyadzisa mwana. Uye zvakare, kune shamwari dzaMatilda, pakati padzo Lavender anomira kunze, musikana akashinga anova shamwari yepamoyo protagonist.

Nezve munyori, Roald Dahl

Roald Dahl akaberekwa munaGunyana 13, 1916 muCardiff, guta riri muLlandaff, Wales. Vabereki vake vaive Sofie Magdalene Hesselberg naHarald Dahl, vese vanobva kuNorway. Akaenda kumagiredhi ake ekutanga kuCathedra Chikoro uye Chikoro cheSt, apo vesekondari vaive muchikoro cheRepton.

Kutanga mabasa

Pazera remakore gumi nemasere, akatanga kushanda kuRoyal Dutch Shell, kambani yemafuta yakamutendera kuti agare muumbozha hukuru. Muna 1939, akabatana neRoyal Air Force, ipapo akaita kosi yake yekutanga yekudzidzira kubhururuka uye mushure memwedzi mitanhatu akapihwa 80th battalion yeRAF. Mu 1940, apo taifamba kubva kuEgypt tichienda kuLibhiya, akaita tsaona yakakomba yakamusiya asingaoni kwemwedzi miviri.

Mabhuku ekunyora

Mu 1942 akatanga basa rake semunyori, skana yekutanga firimu yaive yekutamba Nyore peasy, iyo yakaburitswa mu Mugovera Evening Post. Iyo nyaya yakavakirwa pakuwa kwake kwendege. Ipapo, akaendesa kutamba kwake kwevana vekutanga: Iwo ma gremlins (1943). Kugadzirwa kwemabhuku aya evana emwana kwakamuunzira kuzivikanwa kukuru. Pakati pemabasa ake, budiriro dzinobuda pachena: Charlie uye Chocolate Fekitori (1964), Varoyi (1983) naMatilda (1988).

Dahl akapindawo mumhando yevakuru, nenyaya dzekusviba nekusingaperi kusingaperi. Muhupenyu hwake hwese akanyora nyaya dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu dzerudzi urwu dzakaburitswa mumagazini senge: Harper's, Playboy y Ladies Kumba Zvinyorwa. Gare gare, aya akaunganidzwa kuita anthologies. Zvakare, dzimwe nyaya dzakashandurwa kuita firimu neterevhizheni, senge: Varume vekumaodzanyemba y Nyaya dzezvisingatarisirwe.

Mune makumi matanhatu akanyora zvinyorwa zvemu cinema, chimwe chazvo chaive James Bond, Chete unorarama kaviri, kugadziriswa kwenoverengeka naIan Fleming. Muna 1971 akashandura rimwe remabhuku evana vake remufirimu Willy Wonka uye Chokoreti Fekitori.

Nokufamba kwemakore, Dahl akava munyori akakurumbira. Akabata zvinyorwa, nhetembo, nyaya uye zvinyorwa nyore. Kuzvitsaurira kwake kwakaoneswa kwete chete nebasa rake rakakura uye rakasanogadzirwa, asiwo nekutarisira kutengesa anopfuura mazana emamiriyoni mazana emakopi pasi rese.

Rufu

Roald Dahl Akafira muGreat Missenden munaNovember 23, 1990, mushure mekukundwa hondo neleukemia.

Mamwe mabasa aRoald Dahl

Mabhuku evana

• Iyo gremlins (1943)
• James uye iyo peach hofori (1961)
• Charlie uye Chocolate Fekitori (1964)
• Chigunwe chemashiripiti (1966)
• Iyo Super Fox (1970)
• Charlie negirifiti hombe yegirazi (1972)
• Danny shasha yenyika (1975)
• El garwe hombe (1978)
• The cretins (1980)
• Mushonga unoshamisa waJorge (1981)
• Iyo hombe yakanaka hunhu (1982)
• Varoyi (1983)
• Twiza, gora netsoko (1985)
• Matilda (1988)
• Mvura Trot (1990)
• Vicar akataura kumashure (1991)
• Iyo mimpins (1991)

Nyaya anthology

• Shanduko huru (1974)
• Nhau Dzakanakisa Kupfupika dzaRoald Dahl (1978)
• Mavambo nenjodzi (1980)
• Dzinoshamisa nyaya (1977)
• Ngano dzezvisingatarisirwi (1979)
• Kutsiva ndekwangu SA (1980)
• Pedzisa nyaya (2013)