1. Round tafura muWinchester. Yakanga yakapendwa muna 1522 nekuraira kwaHenry VIII. 2. King Arthur, naCharles Ernest Butler.
Nhoroondo yaMambo Arthur uye maKnights eRound Tafura (kana Tafura) ndeimwe yenhema huru dzeKare Continent, iyo inowedzera kune zvinyorwa. Uye nyaya yaro uye mavara akapfuura neshanduko zhinji nekufamba kwenguva. Ikozvino kune imwezve: iyo kutsvaga, mune zvinyorwa zve Bristol Central Raibhurari, wekare uye asingazivikanwe Shanduro yezana remakore rechiXNUMX kubva mungano nezve n'anga Merlin naMambo Arthur. Ndichitora mukana wenhau, ini ndinoongorora ina yeshanduro dzisingagumi ko Arturo nema knights ake.
Ini naMambo Arthur
Arturo haasi mumwe wemagamba angu makuru ekunyora, asi Ndine tsitsi naye. Pamwe nekuda kwekusaverengeka mavhidhiyo mafirimu, kubva kuchinyakare chinozivikanwa Iwo maKnights aMambo Arthur (1953) kusvika kwekupedzisira, King Arthur, ngano ya Excalibur (2017). Asi ini ndinobvuma kuti yakafuridzira vatambi munhau dzangu. Uye zvese iconography yavo nemazita avo (Uther Pendragon, Lancelot, Merlin, Guinevere, Galahad, Morgana, nezvimwe.) inozivikanwa pasi rese.
Zvakare, pekugara kwangu kwekutanga muEngland futi Ini ndaive muguta reWinchester uye ndakaona iyo tafura ine mukurumbira akafumurwa munhare yake. Zvakare, nekuda kwezvikonzero zviri pachena zvekudzidza chirungu philology, ini ndaifanira kutarisa Thomas Malory's XNUMXth century century.
Kutsvaga kutsva
Zvimedu zvakawanikwa zvakanzi zvinzi Jean gerson, nyanzvi yekuFrance. Pakazara pane mipumburu minomwe, yakanyorwa muchiFrench chakare, uyo anounganidza a vhezheni ine misiyano inozivikanwa kubva pane inozivikanwa nyaya. Ivo vanogona kuve chikamu chevhezheni yekufona Estoire naMerlin, kubva mune mamwe magwaro anozivikanwa se Lanzarote-Grail kana kutenderera kwe Vulgate.
Mune izvo izvozvi zvapora Arthur atova mambo. Iye naMerlin vakunda muhondo, rimwe rematanho apfuura anotungamira kunhoroondo ye tsvaga iyo tsvene grail naArthur nevakomana vake. Kukosha kwekuwanikwa kwezvidimbu izvi ndekwekuti zvinoratidza shanduko mune ruzivo dzinopa yakachinja zvishoma vhezheni yenyaya yehondo iyoyo, uye rondedzero refu dzeichi chiitiko chakabatanidzwa
Nhau ina
Iwo mazita emabhuku uye enganonyorwa akakumikidzwa kuna Arturo haaperi, saka ini ndinosimbisa aya mana:
Thomas Malory - Rufu rwaArthur
Iri basa rakanangana neshanduro yatinayo nhasi yenyaya yeArthurian.
changamire Thomas malory (1408-1471), murume ane hupenyu hwakabatikana uyo akararama panguva yeHondo yeVaviri maRosi, akanyora chinyorwa ichi chekutanga mumabhuku echiRungu. Akazviita zvinofungidzirwa kubva kujeri uye kubva muunganidzwa wandaive nawo ekare eFrance neBritish masosi kuti anga achidudzira achiwedzera mazano ako.
Yakadhindwa muna 1485 mumusangano we William Caxton, wekutanga weChirungu purinda, uyo akaitumidza Le Morte D'Arthur. Iye aive chirevo uye akabatanidza ese masere enhau eMalory mumabhuku makumi maviri nerimwe. Iyo ndiyo yakafuridzira kudzokorodza kwakawanda munzvimbo dzese dzehunyanzvi, kubva pamanyoro matsva ezvinyorwa kusvika kumumiriri wemifananidzo sekuratidzwa kwakaitwa naPre-Raphaelites.
Jack Whyte - Makoronike eCamelot
Munyori weScotland anogara muCanada, a Whyte Iye anozivikanwa nekuda kwenhoroondo yake enhoroondo, kunyanya kune akateedzana akanyorwa mukupedzisira makore makumi mapfumbamwe akatsaurirwa kuna Makoronike eCamelot, kwaanoshandisa dzidziso yezvekare zvaMambo Arthur weRoma. Pane mazita maviri: Dombo uye bakatwa y Kutinhira kwesimbi
Valerio Massimo Manfredi - Legion rekupedzisira
Manfredi, imwe huru yazvino nhoroondo yenhoroondo, zvakare inowirirana naWhyte pakudhiza mavambo eRoma aArthur mune iri zita richangobudirira. Yakaendeswa kubhaisikopo muna 2007, asi haina kuenderana neyakanyorwa pakutanga.
Maka Twain - Yankee kuKing Arthur's Court
Munyori ane mukurumbira wekuAmerica akasarudza kufamba kwenguva sechikonzero chekunyora arinosetsa elato uye izere nehukama hwevanhu uye vezvematongerwo enyika izvozvo zvakazviratidza. Iye caricatured munhu wese: monarchical, ecclesiastical uye chivalric masangano, uye zvakare vatambi.