La UNESCO akatanga kuvaka Kugadzira Maguta Network muna 2004, mune zvikwata zvinoverengeka zvinozivikanwa: Zvinyorwa, Cinema, Mumhanzi, Crafts uye Akakurumbira Art, Dhizaini, Dhijitari Art uye Gastronomy.
Maitiro ekusarudza iyo Zvinyorwa Maguta Ivo vane hukama nenhoroondo yekutsikisa, zvirongwa zvedzidzo uye huwandu hwemaraibhurari, zvitoro zvemabhuku uye nzvimbo dzetsika muguta. Zvakare zvinyorwa zvemitambo uye vagari kutora chikamu. Kubva ipapo, muchikamu chemabhuku, yakapa mubairo kumaguta makumi maviri kutenderera pasirese uye maviri maSpanish, Barcelona neGranada. Segovia parizvino ari kukwikwidza iyo Mubairo.
Edinburgh (Scotland)
Edinburgh yaive Guta rekutanga reMabhuku yeUNESCO muna 2004. Chii chinonzi Edinburgh kuva guta rekunyora? Vanyori vehukosha hwepasirese vakaita saWalter Scott kana Robert Louis Stevenson, mukurusa International Mutambo Wemabhuku kuburikidza nevanyori vanopfuura mazana masere vanopfuura gore rega uye guta rine zvitoro zvemabhuku zvinopfuura makumi mashanu.
Melbourne (Ositireriya)
Melbourne yaive yechipiri UNESCO Guta reMabhuku, mu2008, makore mana gare gare. Chii chinonzi Melbourne kuva guta rekunyora? A hombe network yemaraibhurari uye zvitoro zvemabhuku, YeAustralia inonyanya kutsikisa netiweki nemitambo mina yekunyora: Melbourne Vanyori Mutambo, Mutoro Wakawanda Wenhetembo, Alfred Deakin Innovation Seminar uye Mutambo Wevanyori Vanobuda.
Iowa (USA)
Chii chinofanira Iowa kuve iro guta rekunyora? Ndiro guta kwaraidzidziswa iye wekutanga Master weKunyora Kunyora yenyika, muna 1936. 25 yevanyori vayo vakahwina Mubayiro wePulitzer kubvira 1955. Iyo inochengetera dzinoverengeka dzinozivikanwa zvinyorwa zvemitambo uye makwikwi uye ine hombe network yemashopu ezvitoro.
Dublin (Ireland)
Chii chinofanirwa kuti Dublin rive guta rekunyora? Pamusoro pekuva chiitiko che Ulysses naJames Joyce, pemberera bloomsday mutambo wese mukukudzwa kwake uko vanhu vanopfeka sevanyori kubva munoverengeka. Kunze kwaJoyce, ivo veDubliners Oscar Wilde, Bram Stoker, WB Yeats (Mubayiro weNobel), Samuel Beckett, Jonathan Swift, Bernard Shaw (Nobel Prize), Samuel Beckett (Nobel Prize) kana Seamus Heaney (Mubayiro weNobel).
Reykjavik (Iceland)
Chii chinonzi Reykjavik kuva guta rekunyora? Iceland ndiyo nyika iri munyika iyo inodhindisa mamwe mazita pamunhu uye vanoratidzira Arnaldur Indridason, imwe yeanotengesa epamusoro-soro ematsotsi ematsotsi.
Norwich (UK)
Chii chinofanirwa kuti Norwich rive guta rekunyora? Ndiro guta rekutanga reUK-kupotera kwevanyori vanotyisidzirwa kubvira 2007 uye aive nhengo yekutanga yeInternational Cities of Refuge Network (ICORN).
Juliana wekuNorwich (1342 - 1416) ndiye munyori webhuku rekutanga muChirungu rakanyorwa nemukadzi.
Krakow (Porendi)
Chii chinonzi Krakow kuva guta rekunyora? Zviri lGuta revaPolish Nobel Prize vanokunda mabhuku, saWislawa Szymborska naCzesław Miłosz.
Muguta mune mamwe ma scriptoriums nemaraibhurari ane mukurumbira pasi rose. Mhemberero dzakasiyana dzemabhuku dzakadai seMiłosz Festival neConrad Festival dzinoitwa.
Dunedin (Nyuzirendi)
Guta risingazivikanwe kune vazhinji, ko Dunedin rinofanirwa kuve ripi guta rekunyora? Siwe raibhurari ndiyo yekutanga yeruzhinji uye yemahara raibhurari munyika. Dunedin anga ari musha kune vazhinji vevanyori nevanyanduri vakakurumbira kwazvo muNew Zealand pamwe nevaratidziri uye vanyori vemabhuku evana. Mariri mune midzi yemadzitateguru yevanhu veKāi, vane tsika dzekutaura vanga vachiruka ngano uye ngano mukati memazana emakore. Iyo zvakare iri dzimbahwe re Book Center, yakasarudzika nzvimbo maererano nenhoroondo yezvinyorwa, kudhinda uye kuferefetwa kwemapuratifomu matsva uye mhando dzekutsikisa.
Heildelberg, germany
Chii chakashata nazvo heidelberg kuva guta rekunyora? Apa yunivhesiti yekutanga kuGerman yakazvarwa, Iyo Ruperto Carola Yunivhesiti. Yakagara iri nzvimbo yekudzidza uye zvinyorwa uye yakabata vanyori vane mukurumbira vakaita saGoethe, Clemens Brentano, Bettina von Arnim, naFriedrich Hölderlin. Iwo waivewo mucherechedzo wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX rudo rweGerman.
Granada (Spain)
Kubva 2014 Granada rave riri guta rekunyora, yekutanga Spanish yekugamuchira mubairo Chii chainacho Granada kuva guta rekunyora? Kumunyori ane mukurumbira wepasirese Federico García Lorca akaurayiwa panguva yehutongi hwaFranco nekuda kwehunhu hwake hweungochani uye pfungwa yake yekuruboshwe. Mhomho uye zviitiko zvetsika, kusanganisira iyo Granada Noir mutambo uyo unofashukira kukona yega yeguta ine dzakasiyana tsika kuratidza, kwete chete ezvinyorwa, zvinotungamirwa naJesús Lens.
Prague (Chekia)
Chii chakashata nazvo Prague kuva guta rekunyora? Vanyori vakakurumbira vanofarira Franz Kafka, Max Bod, iyo Rainer Maria Rilke, kana zvakadaro? Milan kundera. Yunivhesiti yake, Charles University iri iyo yunivhesiti yekare kudarika pakati peEurope.
Ulyanovsk (Rashiya)
Inozivikanwa nekuve iro guta rekuzvarwa kwaLenin, chii chine Ulyanovsk kuva guta rekunyora? Iyo inozivikanwa nekuve iro guta remunyori wenhau Ivan Goncharov musiki Oblomov, mudiki uye ane husimbe aristocrat uyo akaswera zuva ari pamubhedha. Muguta mutambo wekunyora ("Simuka pamubhedha") unoitirwa mukukudza kwake. Kune zvitoro zvemabhuku zvinopfuura makumi matatu, maraibhurari eruzhinji makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe, Ulyanovsk Regional Special Library, raibhurari yemahara panhandare yendege uye anopfuura maraibhurari echikoro mazana maviri.
Baghdad (Iraq)
Kunyangwe ichiita senge inoshamisa sarudzo pakutanga, chii chinoita Baghdad kuva guta rekunyora? Yakare ine hunyanzvi hwekunyora munzvimbo iyi, sezvakaita Baghdad rimwe remaraibhurari akakosha ekare: Bayt al-Hikma yakavambwa muzana ramakore rechisere AD, yaive nemuunganidzwa wakakura kwazvo wemabhuku pasi rose pakati pezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Kwaakaberekerwa mumwe wevananyanduri vechiArabhu, Abu Al Tayeb Al Mutanabbi (zana ramakore gumi nerimwe).
Tartu (Estonia).
Chii chakashata nazvo Tartu kuva guta rekunyora? Ndiro guta piyona mukudzivirira kwetsika yenyika uye kwechiEstonia semutauro. Mugore rese mitambo yekunyora yakasiyana inoitwa. Masangano maviri anosimudzira zvidzidzo zveEstonia netsika: iyo University yeTartu uye iyo Estonia Literary Museum.
Lviv (Ukraine)
Chii chakashata nazvo Lviv kuti uve guta rekunyora? Zvizhinji zvezvitoro zvemabhuku nemaraibhurari: zvitoro zvemabhuku makumi mana neshanu, maraibhurari 45 uye mamiziyamu makumi mashanu nemana uye huwandu hwevanhu vanotora mukana muhupenyu hwetsika hweguta. Yake En Lvis ndiyo yekare kudhinda (174) ichiri kushanda.
Ljubljana (Slovenia).
Chii chakashata nazvo Ljubljana kuti uve guta rekunyora? Vhura Ljubljana anotarisira zvinopfuura zviuru gumi zvetsika zviitiko, mimhanzi, yemitambo uye yehunyanzvi inosanganisira gumi nemana emitambo yepasi rese. Mumwe mugari anoshanyira raibhurari raMasipala paavhareji kashanu pagore. Ljubljana inozivikanwa nekuda kwayo tsika yeyunivhesiti.
Barcelona, Spain)
Chii chakashata nazvo Barcelona kuva guta rekunyora? Mhemberero ina dzekunyora, kusanganisira Barcelona Negra uye nhoroondo yakasimba yekutsikisa kubva kunguva dzeMiddle Ages, inogamuchira dzimbahwe remapoka makuru ekuburitsa munyika. Izvo zvakapa kukwira kune vakawanda uye vanyori vakakura senge Manuel Montalbán, Alicia Giménez-Barlett, mugadziri wemapurisa wekutanga munhau yekuparwa kwemhosva kuSpain, Eduardo Mendoza, Ana María Matute, Carlos Ruiz Zafón, Mercé Rodoreda, Ildefonso Falcones kana Víctor del Arbol, knight yehunyanzvi hweFrance netsamba, pakati pevamwe. Iyo ine anopfuura zana nemakumi maviri nemaviri ezvitoro uye netiweki yakakura yemaraibhurari eruzhinji. Pemberera pagore zuva re Sant Jordi, zuva iro pane tsika yekupa mabhuku nemaruva.
Nottingham (UK)
Chii chinonzi Nottingham kuti rive guta rekunyora? Pamusoro pekuve chivako chaRobin Hood, kune vanyori vakaita saIshe Byron kana DH Lawrence. Zvakare gumi nemaraibhurari uye akawanda akazvimiririra mabhuku ezvitoro, kuwedzera kune yekunyora mutambo Nottingham Mutambo weMazwi.
Idbidos (Portugal)
Chii chinonzi idbidos kuti rive guta rekunyora? Kunze kwenzira dzinojairika dzevashanyi dzePortugal, ibwe rinokosha, rine zvitoro zvemabhuku zvakagadzirwa munzvimbo dzisingafungidzike zvakanyanya: Yekutanga yaive Kereke yeSantiago, ane mabhuku anopfuura makumi mana ezviuru. Kubva mairi, zvitoro zvitsva zvemabhuku zvakagadzirwa munzvimbo dzinoshamisa, senge mumusika kana mune winery.
Montevideo, Uruguay)
Chii chinonzi Montevideo kuti rive guta rekunyora? Vanyori vakaita Eduardo Galeano, Mario Benedetti kana Juan Carlos Onetti. Iyo ine hombe Svondo bhuku musika: Tristán Narvaja.
Milano, Itari)
Chii chinonzi Milan kuve iro guta rekunyora? Milan ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo vaparidzi vakuru, mamwe acho akakosha munhoroondo. Guta rekugara kweDarío Fo, Mubayiro weNobel.
Bucheon (South Korea)
Chii chinonzi Bucheon kuva guta rekunyora? Tsika yaro yekunyora yakabatana naByun yeongro naChong Chi-yong, shasha dzeakakosha nhetembo kufamba kwehafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Quebec (Kanadha)
Chii chinonzi Quebec kuti rive guta rekunyora? Noupenyu hwakapfuma hwetsika, mabhuku ake anoratidza yake yeFrancophone, Anglophone uye yevaAborigine nhaka.
Iyo Literary uye Historical Society yeQuebec (1824) uye neCanada Institute yeQuebec (1848) inoita basa rakakosha muhupenyu hwekunyora hwenyika. Iri ndiro guta rinogara dzimba zhinji dzekutsikisa dzenyika.
Seattle (USA)
Inozivikanwa zvakanyanya tekinoroji kupfuura zvinyorwa, chii chine Seattle kuva guta rekunyora? Kunyangwe mukurumbira waro usingauyi kubva kwariri, chimwe chezvinhu zvaro zvinonyanya kunakidzwa ndezvezvitoro zvemabhuku uye huwandu hwezvinyorwa uye zviitiko zvakakomberedza kuverenga.
Utrecht (Holland)
Chii chakashata nazvo Utrecht kuva guta rekunyora? Muna 1473 bhuku rekutanga reNorth Netherlands rakaburitswa, muna 1516 rakaonekwa muunganidzwa wekutanga wenhetembo wakanyorwa nemukadzi uye muna 1892 raibhurari yekutanga yeruzhinji yakavhurwa, pakati pezviitiko zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa.
Vanopemberera pakati pezviitiko makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu zvekunyora mwedzi wega wega, inosanganisira vana nevakuru uye ine zvitoro zvemabhuku 56, maraibhurari makumi maviri nematanhatu uye inogara vaparidzi vanopfuura mazana maviri.
Manchester, United Kingdom)
Chii chakashata nazvo Manchester kuti uve guta rekunyora? Manchester ine vashanu nhoroondo maraibhurari eruzhinji, inonakidza kwete chete kune avo mari, asiwo yezvivakwa zvavanowanikwa. Chishongo chayo chisingarambike ndiyo John Rylands Raibhurari, kubva muna 1899, mune neo-gothic maitiro. Pfuma yemawindo ayo egirazi akasviba uye siringi yayo yakafukidzwa, asi, pamusoro pezvose, kune izvo zvarinochengeta mukati: mapepa eIjipita, mabhuku eCoptic kana echiGiriki, zvinyorwa zvekare, chinyorwa cheCanterbury Tales (1476), Gutenberg Bible (1455) kana bhuku rinoda kuziva nezve mita imwe yakakwira shiri dzeAmerica (1830).
Durban (Chamhembe Afrika)
Chii chakashata nazvo Durban kuva guta rekunyora? Iri guta rakagashira vanyori vazhinji, senge wekutanga muhwina weNobel weNobel, Alan Paton, kana mudetembi Bessie Head. Mhemberero dzemabhuku dzakakosha senge Poetry Africa dzinoitirwa pano.
Lillehammer (Norway)
Chii chakashata nazvo Lillehammer kuva guta rekunyora? Nevagari 27.000 chete, muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX rakava muzinda wevapendi nevanyori, vamwe vacho Vanokunda Mubayiro weNobel weMabhuku akadai saBjørnstjerne Bjørnson naSigrid Undset.
Tinoda Nhanho yakanaka kune iyo Segovian chirongwa kuitira kuti Segovia ave anotevera kujoina runyorwa.