Nelle Harper Lee, munyori we 'Kuuraya Mockingbird'
Kunyangwe pahunhu hwazvino hwakaenzaniswa nemabhuku edzimwe nyika mupasi, iyo yekuAmerican izere nenyaya huru. Nhau dzinomuka kubva munhoroondo yakaratidzirwa nehuranda, kufambira mberi kana paranoia iyo, neimwe nzira, kwete chete inomiririra imwe nguva munhoroondo yenyika, asiwo yeWest. Izvi mabhuku akanakisa ezvinyorwa zveAmerica vanova mienzaniso yakanakisa.
Tsamba Yakatsvuka naNathaniel Hawthorne
Yakabudiswa muna 1850, Tsamba tsvuku inoonekwa seimwe ye iwo makuru mabasa eNorth America mabhuku. Yakagadzwa muButitanical Boston muna 1642, nyaya yacho inoratidzira Hester Prynne, mukadzi ane pamuviri akasungirirwa nekatsvuku "A" sechiratidzo chehupombwe hwake. Sevanyori vechipiri, inova inoratidzira Reverend Dimmesdale uye chiremba Roger Chillingworth, murume waHester jilted. Iyo novel yakagadziridzwa kuita skrini muna 1995 nyeredzi Demi Moore uye general bashing kubva kuvatsoropodzi, sezvo iyo firimu yakave "yakasununguka kwazvo" vhezheni yeyekunyora zvekare.
Kuenda Nemhepo, naMargaret Mitchell
Muna 1861, United States yaigadzirira a Hondo Yenyika izvo zvakachinja hupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji. Mune ino kesi, iya yemavara akaita saScarlet O'Hara, mwana akashatiswa wemuridzi wedonje munda mudunhu reGeorgia ane mamiriro anochinja zvachose kana hondo nekuparadza kwapinda muhupenyu hwake. Iyo novel, yakaburitswa muna 1936, yakave yakawedzera kubudirira mukutengesa mushure mekutanga kwe iyo firimu inoenderana naVivien Leigh naClark Gable iyo yaizoburitswa makore matatu gare gare.
Ungada here kuverenga kuenda nemhepo?
Mazambiringa eKutsamwa, naJohn Steinbeck
El kutsemuka kwe29 Yakanga iri dambudziko rakaipisisa rehupfumi munhoroondo yayo yeUnited States, ichinyengedza zvachose huwandu hwevanhu hwakamanikidzwa kutora nzira nyowani. Iyo yakashumwa mukati Mazambiringa eHasha Rwendo rurefu uye guruva rakaitwa nemhuri yaJoad, vakamanikidzwa kusiya nyika dzavo dzeK Oklahoma kumashure kuti vasvike iyo nyika yechipikirwa inonzi California. Kufungidzira kwechizvarwa uye chimwe che zvikamu zvakakosha zvezana ramakore rechiXNUMX muUnited States, inoverengeka akakunda iyo pulitzer mubairo muna 1940 kuti ive yechinyakare yechinyakare.
Iyo Catcher muRye, naJD Salinger
Summit basa reAmerican mabhuku, Mubati mune rye yakasvika muna 1951 kuti ive imwe ye enganonyorwa dzinonetsa zvikuru zvenguva yake. X-ray yeiri kuramba ichichinja America, basa raSalinger rinotevera mumakwara aHolden Caulfield, ane makore gumi nematanhatu achangodzingwa pachikoro chesekondari uye anonzwa kuvenga kukuru nyika yakamupoteredza. Mutauro wake unodenha uye kutaura nezve bonde, zvinodhaka, kana chipfambi zvakamuita bhuku rakarambidzwa sezvo richinakidza uyezve imwe yevanotengesa zvakanyanya vezana ramakumi maviri.
Fahrenheit 451, naRay Bradbury
Inosanganisirwa mukati meiyo dystopian genre, Fahrenheit 451, yakaenzana netembiricha ye232,8 ºC inhoroondo yehunyanzvi yakaburitswa muna 1953 inotaura nezve kudzora kwevanhu. Kunyanya, yenzanga inoumbwa nevadzimi vemoto vanoona nezvekupisa mabhuku, nekuti izvi zvinoonekwa sezvinhu zvine njodzi kuvanhu. Chiratidziro chekufungidzira chinokwevera pane zvinokwezva zvemumwe munyori mukuru weAmerica senge Edgar Allan Poe uye ane firimu dhizaini yakasainwa naFrançois Truffaut muna 1966.
Kuuraya Mockingbird naHarper Lee
Gara panguva yeKushungurudzika Kukuru uye wakafemerwa nechiitiko muhudiki hwaLee, Uraya Mockingbird inotaura nezve misoro miviri yakaoma senge rusarura uye kubata chibharo. Iyo Pulitzer Prize-kuhwina nyaya inotaurira nyaya yakatarisana negweta Atticus Finch, akapomerwa mhosva yekudzivirira murume weruvara achipomerwa kubata chibharo mukadzi wechena. Nekukurumidza, iyo novel yakave imwe yeakanyanya kuongororwa mumakoreji nemayunivhesiti eUnited States, kunyangwe dzimwe nyanzvi dzichifunga kuti dzakanyanya kunzwisisika munharaunda yevatema, ichinyanya kutambirwa nevanhu vachena. Iyo runyorwa rweinova yakashambadzirwa seyakazotevera Enda unonyorera murindi yakabudiswa muna 2015.
Mumugwagwa, naJack Kerouac
Yakanyorwa mumavhiki matatu chete pane ino inozivikanwa pepa pepa rakachengetedzwa naKerouac, Mugwara chaive chiitiko chezvemagariro uye zvekunyora mushure mekuburitswa muna 1957. Dombo repakona reizvo zvinozivikanwa se «kurova chizvarwa«, Basa iri monologue umo munyori anoongorora nzendo dzakaitwa kuburikidza neUnited States neMexico pamwe chete neshamwari dzake pakati pa1947 na1950. Anotungamira nzira inozivikanwa 66 uye kubva pamararamiro akaratidzirwa neupengo, jazi kana madhiragi, En el camino yakave rimwe remabasa akakurisa panguva yacho, imwe yeshanduko umo pfungwa dzevechidiki dzakatanga kuvhurika munzira itsva nemararamiro.
Anodiwa naToni Morrison
Uranda muAmerica Icho chikamu chakaratidza nhoroondo yenyika umo rusaruraganda rwuchiri kungonoka. Zvakare dingindira iro zvinyorwa zvaro raisambonzwika kusvika makumi mashoma emakore apfuura. Saka Beloved naToni Morrison yakagamuchirwa mushure mekuburitswa kwayo muna 1987 sebhuku raidikanwa iro pamwe rakatora nguva yakareba kuti risvike. Mukundi we pulitzer mubairo, inoverengeka inochinja zviitiko zvechokwadi zvichibva pamuranda Margaret Garner iine Sethe, mukadzi weruvara uyo muna 1856 anosiya munda weKentucky kwaanogara muhuranda kusvika kuOhio, anoonekwa senyika yakasununguka.
Mugwagwa, naCormac McCarthy
McCarthy ndeimwe yeiyo vanyori vakuru venguva ino veUnited States. Munyori anofamba pakati pemhirizhonga yeNo Nyika yeVarume Vakwegura kana dzinza reThe Sunset Limited kubheja pane dystopian novel mu Mugwagwa. Yakagadzwa mune ramangwana rakaparadzwa neNyukireya Kuurayiwa kwevanhu, iyo nhoroondo inorondedzera zvakaitika zvakashata zvababa nemwanakomana munyika izere guruva nevarume vane nyota yenyama. Iyo inoverengeka akahwina zvese Mubairo wePulitzer uye iyo James Tait Nhema Chirangaridzo Mubairo uye aive nefirimu inoenderana naViggo Mortensen muna2009.
Ndeapi, mune ako maonero, ari akanakisa mabhuku eAmerican mabhuku?
Ungada kuziva here mabhuku akanakisa ezvinyorwa zveLatin America?