Lope de Vega: Biography

Mutsara naFélix Lope de Vega.

Mutsara naFélix Lope de Vega.

Lope de Vega nderimwe remagamba ezvinyorwa mumutauro wechiCastilian. Zita rake-pamwe nenhamba dzine mukurumbira dzakaita saCervantes, Quevedo, Góngora naMolina, pakati pevamwe-ndimumwe wevanopikisa veinonzi Spanish Golden Age. Zana rino (iro raive rakawanda kana kushoma kubva muna 1492 kusvika 1681) rinoonekwa serimwe rine kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi nekunyora muSpain.

Akatumidzwa zita rekuti "Fénix de los Ingenios", aiziva nzira yekukunda kucherechedzwa kweSpanish aristocracy yenguva iyoyo kunyangwe nemakakatanwa ake.. Uyezve, pakanga pasina zviitiko zvishomanana zvaidarika tsika dzenzanga umo iye akabatanidzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, aizivikanwa zvikuru nokuda kwezvikamu zvake semukundi, mufundisi, mubvunzurudzo uye munyori ane ruzivo (akapedza zvinyorwa zvinopfuura chiuru).

Kuberekwa, mhuri, uduku uye pwere

Mbudzi 25, 1562 (vamwe vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanoratidza kuti waiva December 2) Félix Lope de Vega y Carpio akauya munyika, ari pachipfuva chemhuri inozvininipisa yakagara muMadrid.. Vabereki vake, vakaberekerwa mumakomo eCantabrian, vaiva Félix de Vega—nyanzvi yokuvakazve—naFrancisca Fernández Flórez. Aive zvakare nevanin'ina vana: Francisco, Juliana, Luisa naJuan.

Sekureva kweSan Sebastián Archive, pakanga paine dzimwe hanzvadzi mbiri: Catalina naIsabel. Nekuda kwaro, Vega akapedza hudiki hwake muSeville, pamwe chete nababamunini vake — mubvunzi weguta reAndalusia — Don Miguel Carpio. Zvadaro, akadzokera kuMadrid paaiva nemakore gumi kuti atange murayiridzo wakaropafadzwa paColegio Imperial.

Infant prodigy

El Phoenix yeWits akanga ari mwana akajeka chaizvo; kubvira achiri mudiki akanga ava kutokwanisa kuverenga chiSpanish nechiLatin (pamwe nekushandura kwekupedzisira). Panguva iyoyo akapedzawo kunyora kwake kwekutanga (kunyanya makomedhi akadai Hyacinth's pastoral, semuenzaniso). Mushure mekuzvarwa kwake kwegumi neshanu, akatanga zvidzidzo zvechikoro chesekondari paYunivhesiti yeAlcalá.

Wechidiki ane hupenyu, mudzidzi wekusingaperi

Muna 1678 baba vake vakafa; ipapo, Ferikisi akaratidza kupandukira uye akatiza —achiperekedzwa naHernando Muñoz, shamwari yepedyo— weimba yemhuri. Pasinei ne "maitiro asina kunaka" akadaro, akanga achiri nechido chekuziva. Nokuda kweichi chikonzero, akadzamisa zivo yake yemasvomhu nenyeredzi achirairidzwa naJuan Bautista Labaña, nyanzvi yoruzivo rwemitumbi yomudenga mukurusa waPhilip II.

Pamusoro pe, Lope akadzidza Liberal Arts naJuan de Córdoba, philology neTheatines uye aive munyori weMarquis yeNavas.. Kutaura chokwadi, rufu chete rwakamisa tsika dzekuferefeta dzevaIberia vakangwara muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Mukuwirirana, aigara ari mudetembi ane utera huri pachena hwevakadzi uye adventures.

rudo uye kufamba

anoda nokusingaperi

Lope de Vega wekutanga anozivikanwa kupwanya aive María de Aragón, waakaita naye mwanasikana, Manuela (1581 - 1586). Munenge mugore ra1582, munyori aive nehukama naElena Osorio, mukadzi akaroorwa. Zvisinei, paakaita kuti kuparara nomurume wake—mutambi Cristóbal Calderón—ave pamutemo, pakutanga kwa1588, akasarudza kuroorwa nomurume akapfuma.

Basa rechiuto uye kudzingwa

Muna 1582, munyori kubva kuMadrid akatamira kuAzores kuti anyore mumishoni (iyo yakatora isingasviki gore) kubva kuMarquis yeSanta Cruz kuenda kuTerceira. Gare gare, akanyoresa semuzvipiri muGreat Army pakupera kwaMay 1588, boka iri rakakundwa nemauto eLusitanian.

Pakupera kwerwendo, Lope de Vega akagara muValencia nemudzimai wake, Isabel de Urbina., waakaroora naye musi waMay 10, 1588. Panguva iyoyo, akanga atodzingwa kubva kuCortes yeMadrid kwemakore masere uye maviri kubva kuUmambo hweCastile. Chikonzero: akamiririra zvisina kufanira Elena Osorio muchidimbu chinoshamisa paakatambura nekuora mwoyo kwakatsanangurwa muchikamu chakapfuura.

Vamwe vakaroorana, vadikani uye vazukuru vemunyori ane mukurumbira wechiSpanish

Isabel de Urbina akamuberekera vanasikana vaviri: Antonia (1589 - 1594) naTeodora (1594 - 1596); kuzvarwa kweapashure kwakakonzera rufu rwaamai vake. Muna 1598, Lope akaroorazve - kuti zvive nyore, maererano nevamwe vanyori vezvakaitika kare - Juana de Guardo., akafa nekusununguka muna 1613. Jacinta (1599), Carlos Félix (1606 - 1612) naFeliciana (1613 - 1633) vakaberekwa kubva muwanano iyoyo.

Panguva ino, Vega aive mudiwa waDoña Antonia Trillo de Armenta uye akaroora mutambi Micaela de Luján. Nemuturikiri akaita vana vangangoita vashanu (vanogona kunyatsozivikanwa): Ángela, Mariana, Félix, Marcela naLope Félix. Mumwe mukurumbira wakashata wemunyori aive Marta de Nevares, uye nekuda kwehukama ihwohwo Antonia Clara akazvarwa. Mukuwedzera, vana vaviri vanaamai vavo vasingazivikanwe vanozivikanwa:

  • Fernando Pellicer;
  • Fray Luis waAmai vaMwari.

Basa rakanyorwa

Kufanana nevamwe vanyori venguva yake, Lope de Vega zvisina kujeka akapinda mumhando dzese dzekunyora nekubudirira kuri pachena. Kutaura zvazviri, asati ava nemakore 30 akanga atova munhu ane mukurumbira zvikuru munharaunda yeIberia. Panyaya iyi, Cervantes akaikwanisa se Iyo galatea seimwe yezvigayo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa muSpain.

Yakanyanya kunaka prose yeLope de Vega

  • Arcadia (1598), bhuku rake rekutanga, rinosanganisira nhetembo dzinoverengeka mumamiriro ehufundisi;
  • Mupilgrim munyika yake (1604), bhuku reByzantine;
  • Muvafudzi veBheterehema (1612), bhuku roufundisi rine nhetembo dzakawanda dzesakaramende;
  • Iyo Dorotea (1632); chinyorwa cheprose chine nhetembo yakakura yaanosuma iyo inonzi celestinesco genre (kubva muhumanistic comedy).

Mazwi eLope de Vega

Mudetembi akaberekerwa kuMadrid akakwevera pane akawanda mafambiro pakuunganidza nhetembo dzake uye akaenzana akaenzana masitayera. Nechikonzero ichi, kubasa kwake kwaive nenzvimbo yeculterana metric (akafurirwa naLuis de Góngora) uye, mukufambirana, nemazwi akakurumbira. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kujekesa kuti aigara achidzivirira "ndima yakajeka".

Mutsara naFélix Lope de Vega.

Mutsara naFélix Lope de Vega.

Saizvozvowo, munziyo dzake zvinokwanisika kuwana nhetembo dzakadzama dzine matauriro enganonyorwa ayo anogona kusanganisa mazwi eparodic. Kune rumwe rutivi, mudetembi wekuSpain haana kuzeza kushandisa mamita akasiyana nemhando mukati menhetembo dzake dzakapfupika. Pazasi pane madingindira akaongororwa naLope de Vega munhetembo dzake refu (nemimwe mienzaniso):

  • epics: The Dragontea (1598), Iyo Gatomachy (1634);
  • Zvechitendero: The Isidro (1599), akakunda Jerusarema (1609), vanoda soliloquies (1626);
  • Nhema: iyo andromeda (1621), The Circe (1624).

Nhetembo pfupi dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa naLope de Vega

  • Rhymes (1602);
  • Nziyo dzinoyera (1604);
  • bhora remweya (1619);
  • Kukunda kwehumwari nemamwe madema anoyera (1625);
  • Nhetembo dzevanhu uye dzehumwari dzegweta Tomé de Burguillos (1634);
  • Iyo Vega yeParnassus (1637), yakabudiswa mushure mekufa.

Dzimwe nhetembo naLope de Vega

"Kubva kuAndromeda"

Akasungwa pagungwa Andromeda akachema achiti,
mapako anozarukira dova;
kuti muhombodo dzavo dzakaputirwa mugirazi inotonhora,
nemhodzi dzemaparera dzichitsinhaniswa.

Akatsvoda tsoka, matombo akapfava
kuninipisa gungwa, sorwizi ruduku;
kushandura zuva kuva chirimo chechirimo,
akamira pakakwirira akafungisisa.

Bvudzi kumhepo ine bope,
vakamukumbirisa kuti vamufukidze nazvo.
sezvo chapupu chaive chimwe chete chakati,

uye negodo nekuona muviri wake wakanaka,
vaNereids vakakumbira kuguma kwavo,
kuti kuchine vane shanje nenhamo.

"Aa, kusurukirwa kunorwadza"

Oo, kuva woga kunovava
zvemaPhillies angu akanaka,
kudzingwa kwakashandiswa zvakanaka
zvezvakaipa zvandakamuitira!

makore angu akura
mumakomo awa amaona.
uyo anotambudzika sebwe
zvakanaka kuti ugare mumabwe.

Oh nguva dzinosuruvarisa
ndakasiyana sei
uya wamakandiona!

Nei ndichikuchemerai,
pfungwa dzepwere
kuti pakutanga kwemakore angu
Pedyo nokupedzisira wakandinyengera!

mufananidzo wakashata wemaoko,
inoshanduka nguva yawakandiita
hapana zita havandizive
kunyange makanditarisa zvishoma nezvishoma.

Oh nguva dzinosuruvarisa
ndakasiyana sei
uya wamakandiona!

Tsamba yanga yanyumwa,
iyo yakajeka uye yakasviba inoshumira,
kuti nekusadzima zvese,
kumusoro kwakanyorwa pamusoro.

Dzimwe nguva ndinofunga kuti ndiri mumwe munhu
kusvikira marwadzo anditaurira
uyo anotambudzika zvikuru
kuva mumwe munhu zvaisaita.

Oh nguva dzinosuruvarisa
ndakasiyana sei
uya wamakandiona!

"Munhu Anofa"

Munhu anofa vabereki vangu vakandibereka,
mweya nechiedza chakabva kudenga chakapa,
uye izwi rangu rekutanga misodzi yaiti,
kuti madzimambo akapinda saizvozvo panyika.

Nyika nenhamo zvakandimbundikira.
Vakandiputira nemicheka, kwete dehwe kana minhenga.
nemuenzi wehupenyu vakandinyorera,
uye maawa nematanho zvakandiverengera.

Saka ndinoenderera mberi nezuva
kusafa mweya wakabata,
kuti muviri hauzi chinhu, uye unoedzesera kuva chinhu.

Kutanga nekuguma kune upenyu;
nekuti kupinda kwemunhu wese kwakafanana,
uye maererano nezvakaiswa zvinobuda.

Drama

Hungwaru hweMadrid hwaive mugadziri wechokwadi wenzvimbo yemitambo yeSpanish. Pakati pematanho matatu ekuumbwa -chiito, nguva nenzvimbo-, Lope akangorayira kuremekedza wekutanga kuitira kuchengetedza kuvimbika. Pane kudaro, akapa kutarisisa zvakanyanya kune zvisina musoro, zvinosiririsa uye zvinosetsa zvinhu pamusoro penguva nenzvimbo, kunyanya muzvinyorwa zvake zvenhoroondo.

Uyezve, zvakawanda zve mabasa Mitambo yaLope de Vega inoratidza kukakavara kwakafemerwa nerudo nekukudzwa. Saizvozvowo, akakunda marudzi ose evateereri (varistocrats, vanhuwo zvavo, vasingagoni kuverenga ...) nekuda kwemaitiro ake maviri echirongwa, mumwe pakati pevapfumi uye mumwe pakati pevaranda.

Mimwe mienzaniso yemadingindira avo anowanzoitika

Mabasa akasiyana siyana naLope de Vega.

Mabhuku akati wandei naLope de Vega.

swashbuckling comedies

  • Mukadzi akapusa;
  • Gingerbreads dzaBelisa;
  • Kurangwa kwavakachenjera;
  • Chishamiso knight;
  • Ane nhamo Estefania;
  • Kuda asingazive kuti ndiani;
  • Simbi yeMadrid.

zvidimbu zve knightly

  • vechidiki vaRoland;
  • Iyo Marquis yeMantua.

Zvechitendero

  • Kusikwa kwenyika;
  • Kupamba kwaDhina.

Nhoroondo

  • Against value hapana nhamo;
  • The Mudarra bastard.

Policies

  • Nyeredzi yeSeville;
  • Ovejuna Tsime;
  • Knight weOlmedo.

Danho rekupedzisira rehupenyu hwake

Pakati pa1598 na1599, munyori akashanda semunyori kuti awane chouviri nekuti mabhaisikopo akarambidzwa nehumambo. Kutanga, akashandira Marquis yeMalpica, ipapo Marquis yeSarriá. Muna 1607, Lope akatanga kushandira Duke weSessa, Don Luis Fernández de Córdoba, izvi zvakaita kuti ave shamwari yepedyo uye protégé. Mumakore iwayo akapedza mazuva ake pakati peMadrid neSeville.

Uye 1608, muSpanish ane njere akatanga nzira yake yehupirisita. Maererano, akapinda muUngano yeVaranda veSakaramende Yakaropafadzwa uye muDare reTatu raSaint Francis.

Gore rimwe chetero akawana imba mune yava kunzi Calle Cervantes (zvino yaive Calle de Francos). Akagara ikoko kusvikira afa. zvakaitika musi waNyamavhuvhu 27, 1635.


Iva wekutanga kutaura

Siya yako yekutaura

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