Nhasi tinonakidzwa nemabhuku edu azvino uye zvakare zvekare zvekare vanyori vane mukurumbira vakatisiya vasati vaenda, asi mabhuku akauya sei mazuva edu? Iwe unoziva chero chinhu nezve yedzidziso tsika? Kana iwe wakambozvibvunza kuti iyi hobby yakabata sei vazhinji vedu yakapararira kwemazana emakore, gara uye verenga chinyorwa ichi nesu. Mariri tinokuudza iyo zvinyorwa zvekutumira kusvikira nhasi.
Chinyorwa tsika
Kana tichitaura nezve tsika yekunyora isu tiri kutaura nezve seti yemabasa akagadzirwa munhoroondo yese. Iyi seti yemabasa inogadzira kumashure uko vanyori, vese varipo uye vekare, vanoshandisa se model nekuda kwezvisikwa zvako.
La ChiSpanish chinyorwa tsika Iyo inoumbwa neseti yemabasa akanyorwa muSpain pamusoro pemakore, asi inochengetedza hukama hwepedyo neiyo zvinyorwa zveimwe nyika senge French, Italian, Chirungu, nezvimwe. Semuenzaniso: Pinocchio kana Gulliver havazi vezvinyorwa zveSpanish, zvisinei ivo mavara anove mutsika yedu.
Zvinyorwa zveSpanish zvinoumbwa mukati medzidziso yekumadokero, iyo mamwe mabhuku eEuropean neAmerica ariwo chikamu Iyi tsika yekunyora yakatanga kuumbika mu Garwe yekare Mazana emakore makumi maviri nemasere apfuura uye yakawedzerwa nemipiro yakaitwa nevanyori veiyo Roma yekare uye nokuda kwe tsika yebhaibheri. Roma, Girisi neBhaibheri zvakapa madingindira uye masitayera ayo mazana emakore akazotevera akashanda uye anoramba achikurudzira vanyori vekuEuropean neAmerica.
Mabhuku ekutumira maitiro
Maitiro akabvumidza kufambiswa kwemabhuku pamusoro pemakore inoshanda seizvi: munyori anotora nharo dziripo, madingindira uye mavara uye anozvipinza mune rake basa nenzira yekushandura uyezve, iri basa nyowani rinova sosi yekurudziro kune vamwe.
Muenzaniso weichi chiitiko inyaya yemunhu anoronga ramangwana rake asi achirasikirwa nezvose. Iyi ngano ine mavambo ekare uye ichiripo nanhasi. Tevere, isu tichaona kuti nyaya iyi yakashanduka sei nekufamba kwenguva kuburikidza nezvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvitsva:
pancha tantra
Mune chekare basa re indian mabhuku, the pancha tantra, nyaya inounganidzwa ine protagonist ari murombo Brahmin uyo anorota nezve mabhenefiti ayo kutengeswa kweaanobika mupunga achamuunzira, asi netsaona hari inoputsika. Iyo nyaya inotanga seizvi:
Mune imwe nzvimbo maigara muBrahmin ainzi Svabhakripana, aive nehari izere nemupunga uyo waakange apihwa sechipo. Akaturika hari iyi kubva pachipikiri pamadziro, akaisa mubhedha wake pasi payo ndokupedza husiku hwese akaitarisa asina kubvisa maziso ake pairi, achifunga seizvi: -Poto iyi yakazara zvizere neupfu hwemupunga. Kana nguva yenzara ikaitika ikozvino, ndinogona kuwana masirivha zana kwaari. Nemari dzesimbi ndichatenga mbudzi mbiri. Sezvo izvi zvichiberekana mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega, ndichaunganidza boka rose. Ipapo ndichatenga nembudzi ...
Calila naDimna
Iyo nyaya inouya kumadokero kuburikidza ne arabic muunganidzwa yenyaya dzakanyorwa Calila e Dimna. Ino nguva, protagonist anonamata uye chinhu chirongo chine huchi uye bota:
«Vanoti munhu wechitendero aigamuchira zvipo zuva nezuva kumba kwemurume mupfumi; vakamupa chingwa, bota, huchi, nezvimwe zvinhu. Akadya chingwa uye nezvimwe zvakachengetwa; Akaisa huchi nebhotoro muhari kusvikira yazara. Aive nechirongo kumusoro wemubhedha wake. Pakasvika nguva apo huchi ne butter zvakawedzera kudhura, uye mupirisita akati kwaari rimwe zuva, akagara pamubhedha. ».
Don Juan Manuel
Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, Mucheche Don Juan Manuel akatora nyaya iri munyaya inotarisa mukadzi wechidiki akatakura chirongo cheuchi:
"Senor Count," akadaro Petronio, "kwaive nemukadzi ainzi Dona Truhana, murombo kupfuura mupfumi, uyo rimwe zuva akaenda kumusika akatakura hari yeuchi mumusoro." Achidzika nemugwagwa, akatanga kufunga kuti achatengesa hari yehuchi iya uye kuti iye aizotenga nemari bhurugwa remazai, kubva kwaizochengetwa huku, uye kuti mushure memari aizotengesa huku dzaaizotenga. hwai, uye saka aive achitenga pamwe nemari yacho kusvika iye ave akapfuma kupfuura chero vavakidzani vake.
Nyaya ya "La lechera", naFélix María Samaniego
Mazana mashanu emakore kunyorwa kwaDon Juan Manuel, Félix María Samaniego anonyora vhezheni nyowani yenyaya mundima.
Wore mumusoro
mukaka wemukaka chirongo kumusika
nehukama ihwohwo,
iwo mweya wakapusa, mufaro iwoyo,
kuti ari kuti kune wese anomuona:
Ndiri kufara nerombo rangu!
... mukadzi anofara mukaka akafamba ega,
vakataurirana seizvi:
«Mukaka uyu watengeswa,
ichandipa mari yakawanda kwazvo ... ».
Uye zvichingodaro kusvika nhasi, kudzamara tave nesu mazwi akanyorwa naShakespeare, naNeruda, naCervantes, naGarcía Márquez, naBenedetti, nevamwe vazhinji, zvikuru pamberi nekure nekusingaperi ... Nekuti zvinyorwa hazvife, uye gara uri magwaro anoita kuti irambe iri munguva, kwemazana emakore apfuura.