Ivo Silmarillion

Ivo Silmarillion muunganidzwa weakafambidzana epic fantasy nyaya dzakagadzirwa nemunyori weBritish JRR Tolkien. Yakanga yakanyorwa kwemakumi makumi emakore uye ikaburitswa mushure mekufa muna 1977 nemwanakomana wemunyori, Christopher Tolkien. Musoro unoreva maSilmarils, matombo matatu akanaka ane nhoroondo inotaurwa mubhuku, ayo anoenderana nezvimwe zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa mukati maro.

Basa iri rine zvikamu zvishanu zvinotsanangura nekurondedzera kubuda kwenzvimbo nezvisikwa zvakasiyana izvo zvinoumba zvakasikwa zvakasikwa zvakasikwa nemunyori Hobbit y Ishe wezvindoripamwe nekurwa kwesimba pakati pemasimba ezvakanaka nezvakaipa. Yekupedzisira yezvikamu zvishanu, yakanzi Nhoroondo yeRings of Power uye yechitatu Age, ine hukama chaihwo nezviitiko zvinorondedzerwa mumanovels maviri ataurwa. Aya mabasa ari pakati pebhuku rakanakisa sagas pasirese.

Kunonoka kutumira kubva pakutanga

Yako posvo yakauya kamwe Ishe wezvindori yakanga yatowana mukurumbira mukuru pasirese. Vaverengi vazhinji nevatsoropodzi vanoiona iri basa rakaomesesa raTolkien sezvo iine zvinyorwa uye nyaya dzinotsigira nyika yese yekunyepedzera yakagadzirwa nemunyori.

Sobre el autor

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, anonyanyo kuzivikanwa saJRR Tolkien, aive Bloemfontein-akazvarwa muBritish philologist, purofesa uye munyori (mazuvano nharaunda yeSouth Africa) mugore ra1892. Munguva yehudiki hwake akagara muBirmingham, England, pamwe naamai vake nehanzvadzi. Akanga ari nyanzvi yepamusoro mu philology uye mutauro weChirungu, uye mudzidzi wemitauro yakasiyana.

Ruzivo rwake semukuru weBritain muHondo Yenyika I, kushingairira kwake chitendero cheKatorike, kufarira kwake huzivi hweEuropean uye nemungano, pamwe ne ruzivo rwake rwakakura rwemitauro rwakakurudzira uye rwakafumisa basa rake rekufungidzira. Akawana mukurumbira wepasi rose mumakore akatevera kuburitswa kwa Ishe wezvindori, muma1950.

Pamusoro penyaya iyi, iye ndiye munyori we Roverandom, Hobbit, Ivo Silmarillion, Nhoroondo yeKullervo, Dzisina kupedzwa Ngano dzeNúmenor neMiddle-pasi, Nhoroondo yeMiddle Earth nedzimwe nyaya nenhetembo. Aive zvakare purofesa paUniversity yeOxford neMerton College.

Akaroora Edith Mary Bratt uye vakaita vana vana pamwechete. Akafira muBournemouth, England, muna 1973., achisiya chikamu chebasa rake chisina kupera. Izvi zvakaunganidzwa, zvakagadziriswa uye zvakaburitswa mumakore akazotevera nemwanakomana wake wechitatu Christopher John Reuel Tolkien.

Kugadzirwa kweArda, ngano dzayo uye kurwa kwezvakanaka nezvakaipa

Ivo Silmarillion inotanga kugadzirwa kwechisiko chose chinonzi Eä, namwari mukurusa Ilúvatar, anonziwo Eru. Uyu mwari akagadzirawo Ainur, vamwe vamwari vakaumba Arda, nyika inogarwa nema elves, varume uye nezvimwe zvisikwa.

Munguva yekusikwa kweArda, mumwe weAinur, anonzi Melkor, akatanga kukanganisa mabasa nevamwe vamwari vakagadzirwa naEru, nekudaro uchiburitsa kushora pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa. Iyi dichotomy ndeimwe yemisoro mikuru yezvinyorwa zvese zveTolkien.

Pakati nepakati uye pane densest chikamu che Ivo Silmarillion Izvo zvinorondedzerwa kuti, panguva yeFirst Age, ane simba elf mambo weNoldor clan anonzi Fëanor, anogadzira sei Silmarils, matombo matatu anokosha aive nechiedza chenyika. Iwo maSilmarils akabiwa naMelkor achiburitsa nhevedzano yezviitiko nekurwa kunosanganisira elves, varume, madiki, vanamwari, nezvimwe.

Kusvika kumagumo ebhuku mamiriro ekusika uye kurasikirwa kweimwe ringi naSauron zvinoenderana, mwari azere nehuipi uye aimbove mubatsiri weMelkor. Sauron akanyengedza elves uye akakwanisa kugadzira icho chinhu chinomiririra nharo yepakati ye Ishe wemhete, nekudaro kupatsanura chokwadi che Ivo Silmarillion pamwe nevaya vari mubhuku rino. Kune vanoda mabhuku, iri bhuku rinofanirwa kuverengerwa, nderimwe remhando dzakanakisa dzekufungidzira dzinoshanda munhoroondo yevanhu.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Mabhuku akanakisa ekufungidzira

Ivo Silmarillion rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvishanu

• Ainulindale.
• Valaquenta.
• Cheshanu Silmarillion.
• Akallabêth.
• Nhoroondo yeRings of Power uye yechitatu Age.

Zvikamu izvi zvakare zvakaumbwa nenyaya dzakasiyana siyana pakati padzo dzinomira "Nyaya yaBeren naLúthien", "Rwendo rweErerendil neHondo Yehasha", "Mumhanzi weAinur", "Kuwa kweGondolin", "Vanakomana vaHúrin", pakati pevamwe.

Kubudirira kwechirongwa uye manyorerwo maitiro

Anoziva uye ari kure munyori wenyaya

Sezvo mune zhinji dzenyaya dzakanyorwa naTolkien, mu Ivo Silmarillion tinosangana nemunyori anoziva izvo zvishoma nezvishoma, uye achishandisa rondedzero yakawandisa, anozivisa kune muverengi mamiriro, chokwadi, mavara, nzvimbo uye zvinokurudzira.

Zvisinei, uchienzaniswa nemanoveli ake anozivikanwa, Hobbit y Ishe wezvindori, matauriro erondedzero akanyanya uye ari kure, iyo inopesana nekukura kwehukuru hwezviitiko zvakabatana.

Basa rehupenyu hwese

Ivo Silmarillion Yakagadzirwa nenyaya dzakabatana, idzo dzakanyorwa panguva dzakasiyana muhupenyu hwemunyori wadzo. Akatanga kujekesa basa mukupera kwema1910, aburitswa muBritish Army nekuda kwekurwara muHondo Yenyika I. Akateedzera, kunyora, uye kugadzirisa ese nyaya uye mavara panguva dzakasiyana kusvika kuma1960.

Chokwadi ichi chakakonzera kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvebhuku zvinyatsorondedzerwa nekutsanangurwa kupfuura zvimwe., zvakare mune kuti pane nyaya dzakatsanangurwa mune yakawanda huzivi uye yakaoma toni. Pamusoro pezvo pane zvimwe zvishoma zvinopesana zvine chekuita neechepiri mavara anoonekwa panguva dzakasiyana dze Ivo Silmarillion y Ishe wemhete.

Christopher Tolkien akarongedza, akarongedza, uye akapedzisa nyaya dzababa vake uye mifananidzo Ivo Silmarillion (uye zvakare kubva kumamwe mabhuku e cosmogony yeEä uye Middle-pasi), hongu, nerubatsiro rweCanada munyori Guy Gavriel Kay. Saka yakapera yakareba uye yakaoma kunzwisisa nzira yekugadzira yebasa.

Nekudaro, zvese Aya mamiriro haabvisa pamhando nekudzika kwe Ivo Silmarillion sebhuku rekutanga renyika inonakidza yakagadzirwa naTolkien. Izvo, mune chero zvazvingava, rudzi rusingagumi bhaibheri revaverengi uye vateveri vebasa remunyori weBritish, pamwe neanofungidzira mabhuku mune zvese.

Iwo mareferenzi kune akasiyana ngano uye echinyakare mabhuku

Kufuridzirwa kwaEpamwe nevamwari vayo uye vatambi tinogona kuiwana muNorse, Celtic uye Greek mythologypamwe nemumapepanhau ekare eFinnish neAnglo-Germanic epic uye ngano. Aya mareferenzi anogona kuwanikwa mune vese vanonyanya kutaurwa uye mumitauro yakasiyana uye mazwi akagadzirwa naTolkien kumarudzi akasiyana uye madzinza.

Izvo zvakare zvinoyeuchidza iro reJudeo-chiKristu bhaibheri muchimiro charo uye, zvinogona kupikiswa, mukupokana pakati paEru naMelkor.. Iyo yekupedzisira iri mhando yaRusifa anobva kukwaya yemwari wepamusoro-soro uye akaora nechishuwo chake chekutonga.

Izvo zvakare zvinoreva zvekare zvekare zvinyorwa, semuenzaniso Shakespeare. Nyaya yaBeren naLúthien Iyo yakafuridzirwa neiyo Welsh tale Culhwch naOlwen, uye zvakare ine zvinhu zvakafanana Romeo naJuliet. Nekudaro, akafuridzira iyo yerudo nyaya yaAragorn naArwen, vatambi vanobva Ishe wezvindori.

Vanhu

Eru kana Ilúvatar

Iye ndiye mwari mukurusa uye musiki weAinur, uyo waakagadzira kubva mukufunga kwake. Iyo haina chimiro chemuviri kana maficha anogona kutsanangurwa. Iye zvakare akasika Eä, zvese zvakasikwa. Izvo zvakasara zvezvinhu hazvina kuumbwa zvakananga naye, asi nemwari waakasika. Icho chirevo chakajeka kuna baba mwari wechitendero chechiJudao-chiKristu.

Melkor kana Morgoth

Ndiye mwari ane simba kwazvo akagadzirwa naEru. Raive izwi risinganyadzise mukwaya yeAinur yakagadzwa nemwari wepamusoro uye ndiye anopikisa vazhinji Ivo Silmarillion.

Munguva yekusikwa kweArda, aive nezvishuwo zvekutonga pamusoro pezvose saRima Ishe. Akagadzira kusangana kwakasiyana siyana uye akasungwa nengetani. Gare gare akaba maSilmarils, akaumbiridzwa ne elf Fëanor, uye akaburitsa matambudziko akawanda. Ndiye baba vezvakaipa zvese, izvo zvinoramba zviri munyika kunyangwe mushure mekufa kwake.

Feanor

Iye muchinda uye gare gare elf mambo wemhuri yeNoldor. Akatanga kufurirwa naMelkor uye akatongerwa makore gumi nemaviri ari muutapwa nekuda kwekuzvidza hama yake.

Akangwara zvakanyanya uye anoshamisa mupfuri wegoridhe. Akagadzira iyo Silmarils kubva pachiedza chemiti yeValinor, apo dandemutande reUngoliant rakaparadza iro rekupedzisira. Pakabiwa vaSilmarils, akavimbisa kuti achavatora vape hupenyu hwake kana zvichidikanwa.

Ungoliant

Iyo hofori uye inotyisa dandemutande, inogara iine nzara yechiedza, inobatana naMelkor. Pamwe chete nazvo, akaisa chepfu nekuparadza miti miviri yeValinor, Telperion naLaurelin, ayo aive manyuko echiedza chenyika zuva risati rasvika nemwedzi. Gare gare akaparadzaniswa naMelkor, semhedzisiro yekukara kwake maSilmarils, uye ndokubereka mhuri yematsotsi anotyisa ayo akaisa chepfu kumatunhu akasiyana siyana.

Sauron

Iye ndiye akasimba kupfuura ese evaranda vaMelkor uye anogara nhaka yekuchiva kwake simba uye kunzi Rima Ishe. kana izvi zvadzingwa uye vakafa. Ndiye zvakare mumwe weAinur. Iye anokwanisa kuumbika pamadiro, kugona kwaanoshandisa kupusa elves uye nezvimwe zvakawanda zvisikwa. Iye zvakare ane simba necromancer uye mupfuri. Akakurudzira kugadzirwa kwemhete dzesimba nema elves uye akagadzira yakasarudzika mhete paGomo reDambudziko.