Juan Carlos Onetti Borges (1909-1994) aive munyori wekuzvarwa muUruguay akaburitsa nyaya dzehupenyu huripo, husina tariro uye hunhu chaihwo. Munyori akagadzira nyika yekufungidzira yaakashandisa mumabasa ake, akafuridzirwa naWiliam Faulkner, munyori aigara achiburitsa nyaya nehunhu uhu.
Mario Vargas Llosa anosimbisa kuti munyori haana kuwana kukoshesa kwakakodzera nebasa rake rakanaka. Nhau dzavo dzakaunza muverengi kune yakashata uye isina tariro chokwadi kuburikidza nemitauro yakanyanyisa, inobata, uye inomanikidza. Inofungidzirwa se mumwe wevatenzi vakuru venhoroondo ichangoburwa yeLatin America.
Biography
Kuberekwa uye mhuri
Juan Carlos Onetti Akazvarwa muna Chikunguru 1, 1909 muMontevideo, vabereki vake vaive Honoria Borges naCarlos Onetti. Aive wechipiri pavana vatatu, musikana mudiki kwaari ainzi Raquel, uye Raúl, mukoma wake mukuru.
Zita rekuti Onetti raimbove "O'Nety", zvinofungidzirwa kuti rinobva kuScotland kana kuIreland. Izvo zvakaitika ndezvekuti baba vasekuru vasekuru, murume akaberekerwa mudunhu reBritish mhiri kwemakungwa anonzi Gibraltar, vakaita sarudzo yekuisa muchiLatinize zita nekuchinja chiperengo.
Kudzidziswa
Onetti Akapedza zvidzidzo zvake zvekutanga uye zvesekondari pasina chiitiko, zvisinei, nekuda kwekuramwa basa kukuru muna 1929, akaisa parutivi kudzidziswa kwake mutemo. Mushure meizvozvo akazvipira kumabasa akasiyana siyana kuti ararame, kusanganisira yemupepeti mune akasiyana mabhuku, senge magazini Chigero. Nesimba rake akakwanisa kuzvimiririra aine makore makumi maviri ekuberekwa.
Hupenyu hwerudo
Muna 1930 akaroora Amalia, hama yababa vake. Akaenda naye kuBuenos Aires, uko munyori akatanga kutengesa achiwedzera michina, uyezve aive mutsoropodzi wefirimu. Vakaroorana vaiva nemwanakomana ainzi Jorge uye makore maviri gare gare muna 1933 vaviri ava vakaparadzana uye Juan Carlos akadzokera kumusha kwake, Montevideo.
Onetti akadanana nehanzvadzi yaimbova mudzimai wake, María Julia. Vakaroora uye vachangoparadzana. Munyori akaroorazve muna1945 kumukadzi anonzi Elizabeth Pekelharing, uye gore rimwe chete raakasimudzira nyaya dzaSanta María mwanasikana wake Isabel María akazvarwa, kunyanya muna Chikunguru 26, 1949.
Onetti boom
Kumuka kwake kukuzivikanwa neruzhinji kwakatanga nekugadzirwa kweguta rekunyepedzera rinonzi Santa María., iyo yaive mamiriro enhoroondo dzake zhinji. Basa rekutanga rakaonekwa nzvimbo ino raive Imba pajecha uye zvakare muna 1950 muna Hupenyu hupfupi.
Akaroora zvakare nemukadzi aizomuperekedza kweupenyu hwake hwese, Dorothea Muhr. Mumakumi makumi matanhatu akatanga kugamuchira mibairo yezvinyorwa zvake; muna 1962 akawana Mubairo weNyika weMabhuku uye makore mana gare gare, muVenezuela, mubairo weRómulo Gallegos. Uye ndizvozvo mabhuku ake rwendo rwepasi rese Kune vanoda kuverenga.
Boom yeSpanish American Literature
Panguva iyoyo Juan Carlos akaburitswa Iyo ngarava, basa rakamuisa munzvimbo yekutanga ye "boom" yemabhuku Vepanhau. Ichi chikamu chakaongorora vanyori vasina kunyatso kuzivikanwa (kana kunyatso zivikanwa chete munyika mavo) kumasangano epasi rese.
Makore apfuura uye kufa
Muna 1981 Onetti akararama kwenguva muMadrid uye ikoko akaona kuti akahwina Mubayiro weCervantes. Mushure mekugamuchira kukosha kwakanyanya kwehupenyu hwake hwekunyora, akakokwa kuzoona kumisikidzwa kwedemokrasi muUruguay, zvisinei akafunga kugara kuSpain.
Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, vatapi venhau vazhinji nevanyori vakamushanyira kumba, nekuti Juan Carlos haana kumbobvira abvapo. Muna 1993 akanyora zvakare nezveguta reSanta María, rakaburitswa Kana pasisina basa; gore rakatevera akazorwara nehepatitis uye Onetti akafa musi waMay 30, 1994 muMadrid yechirwere cheye myocardial infarction.
Kuvaka
Novelas
- Buri (1939).
- Upenyu hupfupi (1950).
- Yeguva risina zita1959).
- Iyo ngarava (1961).
- Ngatimbomira kutaura nemhepo (1979).
- Kana pasisina basa (1993).
Ngano
- Gehena raityiwa uye nedzimwe ngano (1962).
- Jacob nemumwe. Chiroto chinoitika uye dzimwe nyaya (1964).
- Muroora akabiwa nedzimwe ngano (1968).
- Nguva yekumbundikira uye nyaya kubva muna 1933 kusvika 1950 (1974).
- Nyaya dzakavanzika. Parakeet Mutakuri weMvura uye mamwe masiki. (1986).
- Kuvapo uye dzimwe nyaya (1986).
- Pedzisa mabasa III. Nhau, zvinyorwa uye miscellany (Posthumous edition, 2009).