Kuyeuka Herman Melville. 20 mitsara mikuru yemabasa ake

Herman melville tosangana nhasi 199 makore. Uye yayo bicentennial rinotevera gore rinovimbisa kuve mukuru mutambo. Uyu munyori weAmerica, anofungidzirwa semumwe wemakuru ezvinyorwa zvepasirese, hapana mubvunzo yakakosha kutaurwa kweiyo adventure nano, kunyanya izvo zvakagadzirwa mu Mar, ine yakasimba uye yakasimba yepfungwa chinhu.

Nhasi ndinounza 20 mitsara yakasarudzwa kubva pamabasa ake akakurumbira. Kune avo vedu vanoda mabhuku emhando uye zvese zvinonhuwirira gungwa, ngarava uye epics huru, iye munyori wemweya usingafi chena whale Moby Dick ndiye anofanirwa kuve naye.

Ndiani aive Herman Melville

Ndiine hupenyu hwakakomba semanovel ake, Melville akaberekerwa muNew York uye aive wechitatu pavana vasere. Pakafa baba vake, Allan Melville, mhuri yaive mukutambudzika kukuru. Nekudaro, muna 1837 akayambuka gungwa kuenda Liverpool kwaaishanda. Pakudzoka kwake akashanda sa purofesa uye muna 1841, ava nemakore makumi maviri nemaviri, akaenda ku Maodzanyemba ekumaodzanyemba mungarava a whaling.

Mushure megore nehafu yekuyambuka, akasiya chikepe mu Marquesas zviwi uye akagara mwedzi pakati pezvinodya vanhu, zvaakatiza muchikepe chevatengesi cheAustralia kuti aburuke Tahiti, kwaakamboita nguva ari mujeri. Akashandawo semurimi, akaenda ku Honolulu uye kubva ipapo, akapedzisira anyoresa muUS Navy frigate.

Mu 1844 akamira kubhurawuza uye akazvipira kunyora zvinyorwa nguva yakazara uye kazhinji zvinobva pane zvake zviitiko mugungwa. Aive mazita sekunge Typee, Mardi kana Redburn, pakati pevamwe. Kana se Billy Budd, mutyairi wechikepe, basa rekupedzisira rakaburitswa apo Melville akange ave kutodonha mukukanganwa. Mamwe mazita aive Pierre, kukundikana kukuru, uye Tales kubva pakuona, ine nhoroondo ye Bartleby munyori.

Nhoroondo yake yakakurumbira yaive Moby Dick, rakabudiswa muna 1850, asi rakarambwa pakutanga. Zvino yakave rimwe remabasa makuru ezvinyorwa zvepasirese, yemufananidzo uye fananidzo yenyika uye hunhu hwevanhu muchikepe, iyo pequod, akabatwa nemumwe wevatambi vakurusa vakasikwa, Kaputeni Ahabhi. Akazvitsaurira kuna Nathaniel Hawthorne, munyori akamukurudzirawo zvakanyanya uye waakashamwaridzana naye muna 1850.

20 mitsara yemabasa ake

type (1846)

1. Varombo ngarava! Chitarisiko chako chinoratidza zvaunoda; Mumamiriro ezvinhu anosiririsa zvakadii!
2. Makomo nemukati zviripo zvinongova nzvimbo dzakazvimiririra uye dzakanyarara kuti vaone, isina kutinhira kwemhuka dzinodya nyama uye inoratidzwa nemashoma sampuro ezvipuka zvidiki.
3. Chikepe chedu chakange chazvipira kumarudzi ese emitambo yekumafaro nekukanganisa. Hapana kana chipingamupinyi chidiki chakapindirwa pakati pekunzwa kwakashata kwevashandi nemufaro wavo usina muganho.
4. Asi kufungidzira uku hakuwanzo kutora pfungwa dzangu; Ndaizvisiya nguva dzichipfuura, uye kana mifungo isina kunaka ikauya pamusoro pangu, ndaikurumidza kuzvidzinga. Pandinoyemura mukomboni yakasvibira mandakanga ndakavharirwa, ndakarerekera kufunga kuti ndiri mu "mupata wezviroto" uye kuti mhiri kwemakomo kwaingova nenyika yekufunganya nekushushikana.
5. Mukutsvaga whale isu tanga tichifamba nemuEquator madhigirii angangoita makumi maviri kumadokero kweGalapagos; uye redu rese basa, mushure mekutora nzira yedu, yaive yekugadzirisa mayadhi uye kugara uchidzikiswa: igwa rakanaka nemhepo inogara ichiita zvaizoita zvimwe zvese.

Moby Dick (1851)

1. Unogona kundidaidza kuti Ismael.
2. Kupenga kwevanhu kunowanzo kuve chinhu chemanomano uye chekupenga. Kana ichifungidzirwa kuti yatiza, pamwe yakangozvichinja pachayo neimwe nzira yakanyarara uye isinganetsi.
3. Nekuda kwekufa kwekuda kuziva, sekugara kuchionekwa mumaguta emafirita anogara akadzika matende edzimhosva, zvakaenzana, vanhurume, vatadzi vanowanzo kuwanda munzvimbo dzinoyera kwazvo.
4. Haisi pane chero mepu. Nzvimbo chaidzo hadzina kumboitika.
5. Nzira yeramangwana yemhuka kuburikidza nerima inenge yakasimbiswa kune muvhimi akachenjera njere semhenderekedzo yemutyairi. Saka hwaive uhu hunyanzvi hwekuvhima, chirevo chechinhu chakanyorwa mumvura, kumuka, chakavimbika, kune zvese zvinangwa, senyika yakaoma.

Bartleby, mabharani (1853)

1. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti, maererano netsika yemagweta mazhinji ane mahofisi muzvivakwa zvine vanhu vakawanda, musuwo waive nemakiyi akati wandei.
2. Ah, mufaro unotsvaga mwenje, ndosaka tichitonga kuti nyika inofara; asi kurwadziwa kunovanda mukusurukirwa, ndosaka tichitonga kuti kurwadziwa hakuna.
3. Asi airatidzika kunge ega, ari ega mune zvakasikwa. Chinhu chakapambwa pakati peAtlantic Ocean.
4. Ini ndaigona kupa zvipo kumuviri wake; asi muviri wake hauna kukuvara; mweya wake wairwara, uye handina kukwanisa kusvitsa mweya wake.
5. Hazvishamise kuti murume anopikiswa nenzira isina kujairika uye isinganzwisisike anotenda kusatenda kwake kwekutanga. Anotanga kuona zvishoma kuti, zvinoshamisa sezvazvinogona kuratidzika, kururamisira kwese uye kufunga kwese kune rimwe divi; kana paine zvapupu zvisina tsvete, anotendeukira kwavari neimwe nzira yekumusimbisa.

Billy Budd, mutyairi wechikepe (1924)

1. Chokwadi chisingaregererwe chakataurwa chichagara chine mativi akashata.
2. Muzvokwadi, aive mumwe weavo mapere egungwa kune avo matambudziko uye njodzi dzehupenyu hwemumvura, munguva idzodzo dzehondo refu, akange asati ambokanganisa hunhu hwepanyama hwekunakidzwa kwenzwi.
3. Uyu kaputeni aive mumwe wevaya vanokosha vanofa vanowanikwa mumhando dzose dzeumhizha, kunyangwe vaive vakaderera; mhando yemunhu wese anobvumirana kudaidza "murume anoremekedzwa."
4. Kana pakaziviswa hondo, isu ndisu, varwi vanoibata, takambobvunzwa? Tinorwa nekutevera mirairo. Kana kutonga kwedu kuchibvumira hondo, zvinongoitikawo.
5. Ndiani muraraungu anogona kukweva mutsetse panotangira ruvara rwepepuru uye orenji? Isu tinoona zvakajeka musiyano wemavara, asi kupi, chaizvo, iko kwekutanga kunovhiringidzika neyechipiri? Izvi zvakafanana nezvehutano hwepfungwa uye kupenga.