Yangu yekutanga kusangana ne Epic yaGilgamesh Yaiva apo paakanga ari mumakore ake ekutanga makumi maviri. Ndakaiverenga pane kurudziro yeshamwari, kunyanya iyo shanduro yemushanduri, nyanduri, uye munyori Stephen mitchell, iyo yandinokurudzira zvikuru. Handina kumbofungidzira kuti ndaizoda sei nyaya iyi, zvekuti ndakademba kuti dai ndakafunga kuti ingave nhetembo yakaoma kana inofinha.
Iyo Lapis Lazuli Hwendefa
«Uyo akaona zvese, uyo akasangana nemanzwiro ese, kubva pamufaro kusvika pakuora mwoyo, akagamuchira tsitsi dzekuona muchakavanzika chikuru, nzvimbo dzakavanzika, chemazuva ekutanga Mafashamo asati aitika. Akaenda kumagumo enyika uye adzoka, aneta asi apora. Akaveza zvaakashandisa padombo rakavezwa, akamisazve tembere inoera yaEanna, pamwe nemadziro akakora eUruk, guta risingagoni kuenzaniswa nemumwe pasi pano. Ona kuti rusvingo rwayo runopenya semhangura muzuva. Kwira masitepisi ematombo, akura kupfuura anogona kufungidzirwa nepfungwa; Svika patembere yaEanna, yakatsaurirwa kuna Ishtar, tembere iyo saizi uye runako zvisina kuenzana chero mambo; anofamba pamadziro eUruk, anokomberedza mukombero waro kutenderedza guta, anoongorora nheyo dzaro dzakanaka, anoongorora zvidhinha zvaro, kuti rakangwara zvakadii! cherekedza nyika dzainokomberedza: miti yemichindwe, magadheni, minda yemichero, dzimba dzayo dzakanaka nedzimba dzetemberi, mashopu ayo nemisika, dzimba dzayo, mativi ayo. Tsvaga dombo rake rekona uye, pazasi payo, bhokisi remhangura rine zita rake. Vhura. Simudza chivharo chayo. Bvisa lapis lazuli piritsi. Verenga kuti Gilgamesh akatambura sei uye akakunda zvese. "
Asingazivikanwe, "Iyo Epic yaGilgamesh" (shanduro yeprose naStephen Mitchell).
Nhoroondo ye Gilgamesh ane denderedzwa chimiro: iyo nyaya inotanga, uye inopera, panguva imwechete, senge rudzi rweeduoboros inoruma muswe wayo. Chinhu chinonakidza kwazvo ndechekuti kubva pamitsetse yekutanga inosanganisira muverengi, sekunge akabata iyo lapis lazuli piritsi inorondedzera zviito zvamambo wemadzimambo. Aya mavhesi chirevo chezvinangwa: "verenga kuti Gilgamesh akatambura sei zvese nekukunda zvese." Inokoshaist meseji, inoenderana nepfungwa ye Nietzschean ichava nesimba zviuru zvemakore muzivi weGerman asati azvarwa.
Iyo nharo yeiyo EpGilgamesh opeya Iyo haina kuomarara, uye inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri. Pakutanga, Gilgamesh anotsvaga mbiri, uye anorondedzera ruvengo rwake na Enkidu (yaanozove shamwari isingaparadzanisike), hunhu hunomiririra sango rinopesana naGilgamesh, anomiririra budiriro. Zviito zvake zvinoratidzwawo, senge epic kurwisa chikara Humbaba, kana nharo dzake namwarikadzi Ishtar uye neCelestial Bull yake.
Chikamu chechipiri, umo Gilgamesh anotsvaga kusafaIsa epic padivi uye tora inoshamisa kutendeuka. Enkidu anorwara uye anofa, izvo zvinoparadza protagonist wedu kumiganhu isingafungidzirwe, nekuti aimuda sekuda kwaaiita iye. Mambo vanoona kekutanga kuti nyama yavo inoparara, uye kuti rimwe zuva vachatofanira kufa zvakare. Naizvozvo anotanga rwendo achitsvaga kusafa, kunovava uye kushaya mufaro.
Mashoko akazara nesimba
«Kana ndikadonha, ndinenge ndawana mukurumbira.
Vanhu vachati: Gilgamesh akadonha
kurwisa Humbaba anotyisa! ...
Ndakatsunga kupinda mudondo remisidhari.Asingazivikanwe, "Iyo Epic yaGilgamesh."
Kunaka kukuru kweizvi nhetembo huru ndizvo zvazviri zvinoshamisa zvemazuva ano. Uye hachisi chinhu chandinotaura zvishoma, zvinodaro. Maitiro aanobata hukama hwehukama pakati Enkidu naGilgamesh, iyo kubva kune vanokwikwidza inova inenge hama, inogona kuonekwa mune dzakawanda nyaya uye hunyanzvi uye zvinyorwa saga yemazuva edu.
Kune rimwe divi, musoro wenyaya wekufamba kwenguva, wekufa, uye wekutambudzika kwaunogadzira mumunhu, chete mukutarisana nekufa kwake, inyaya inoita senge yakajairika rondedzero iripo yezana ramakore redu, pane nhetembo. yakakwenenzverwa muna 2.500 XNUMX a. C. muMesopotamia. Nezvikonzero izvi, uye nezvimwe zvakawanda, ndinokurudzira zvikuru kuverenga iyo Epic yaGilgamesh.