Charles bukowski

Henry Charles Bukowski, Jr. aive munyori akabudirira wechiGerman-America uyo akavaka mukurumbira wekutsvaga kwake "kuderera" kweAmerica. Kunyanya, mazhinji emakumi ezviuru nyaya pfupi, nhetembo, uye zvinyorwa zvinotsanangura hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwemakirasi akapfuma muLos Angeles.

Saizvozvowo, Zvinyorwa zvidiki zveBukowski zvekunyepedzera zvinoratidza kusada kwake doro uye hunhu-hunhu. Mavari akashandisa mutauro wakananga uye weschatological - kuseka kwechero tsika yekudzidzira - kuitira kujekesa zvakajeka hunyanzvi hwake. Ndokusaka akawana ruvengo rwechikamu chakanaka cheAmerican literary kutsoropodza.

Hupenyu hwaCharles Bukowski

Heinrich Karl Bukowski akaberekerwa muAndernach, Germany, muna Nyamavhuvhu 16, 1920. Mhuri yake yakatamira kuLos Angeles aine makore maviri. Aive nehudiki hwakaoma, sezvo baba vake vaimbomubata zvisina kunaka mumuviri nepfungwa. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekutaura kwake kwechiGerman, aigara achisekwa nevamwe vana. Ivo vaimbomuti "Heini" (ipfupi zita rake).

Kutanga kwesangano refu nedoro

Paakasvika pazera rekuyaruka, Heinrich akarwara nemhezi, izvo zvakakonzera kurambwa kwevasikana vepachikoro chake. Nezvikonzero izvi, Hazvishamisi kuti pazera ramakore gumi nematatu Bukowski mudiki akatanga kurapa kusuwa kwake nezvinwiwa zvinodhaka. Tsika iyoyo yakava "tsika" yake yekunyora. Mumashoko akazotevera emunyori iye, anoti: "Zvaive zvemashiripiti, sekuzviuraya iwe uye kuzvarwa patsva mazuva ese."

Zviitiko zvine hukasha zvemakumi maviri emakore ekutanga ehupenyu hwaBukowski zvakagadzira mufananidzo wakasarudzika uye wakashatiswa wake. Mushure mekugara kwenguva refu muzvipatara kurapa kuputika kwake, akapedza kunyora kwake kwekutanga muna 1935. Iyi nyaya inotenderera kune mutyairi Baron Manfred Von Richthofen, weyekutanga Hondo Yenyika.

Zvidzidzo uye mabasa ekutanga

Mushure mekupasa chikoro chepamusoro kuLos Angeles High School, Bukowski akatora mabhuku uye kosi yeutapi venhau kuLos Angeles City College pakati pa1937 na1939. Pakutanga kweHondo Yenyika II, akatamira kuNew York. Akatora zviroto zvake zvekuve munyori naye ndokutanga kuita akasiyana madiki mabasa. Makore akatevera akashandiswa mukufamba, kunwa, uye kunyora mu "literary ostracism."

Muna 1944 akavharirwa muPhiladelphia kwemazuva gumi nemanomwe. Akapomerwa mhosva neFBI yekunzvenga kusarudzwa kwemauto eAmerica. Nekudaro, akazonzi asabvumirwe basa remauto nekuda kwezvikonzero zvepfungwa. Gore rimwe chetero akaita bhuku rake rekutanga mumagazini nyaya, nyaya ipfupi «Mushure meRurefu Kuramba Slip»(Mushure mekurambwa neyakareba Slip).

Dzokera kuCalifornia

Muna 1946, akaburitsa imwe nyaya pfupi neruoko rwe Dzvanya zuva kudzvanya, "20 Kutenda Kasseldown". Nguva pfupi yapfuura, Bukowski akadzokera kuLos Angeles, akaodzwa mwoyo zvachose nekufambira mberi kwake kushoma semunyori, saka kutanga nguva ye "makore gumi ekudhakwa". Panguva ino haana kushambadza, asi akazochinja hunhu hwaakashandisa munhoroondo zhinji dzekunyepedzera: Henry Chinaski.

Aya magwaro anosanganisira Erections, Ejaculations, Exhibitions uye General Tales of Ordinary Madness (1972). Mavari akajekesa - zvinoenderana nemamwe mazwi akatsoropodza - maitiro ake ekunyengera. Bukowski akangomisa kudhakwa kwake muna 1955 nekuda kwechironda chegastric, iyo yaakaturikira sechiratidzo chekudzoka pakunyora. Kusvika padanho rakakura, akazvipira kuita nhetembo.

Kuroora uye kutora basa rake rekunyora

Pakati pa1955 na1958 akange akaroora Barbara Frye, waaigara naye mutaundi diki muTexas. Mushure mekurambana, Charles akadzokera kudhakwa muCalifornia uye akaramba achinyora nhetembo. Izvi zvinyorwa zvakatanga kuburitswa mukupera kwema1950 mune midhiya senge normad (avant-garde inyanzvi magazini), Hearse Press ya o The Outsider, pakati pevamwe.

Kutsvenesa kwakadzama kwaBukowski kwakauya muna 1969 nekuda kwekuwadzana naJohn Martin, kunozivikanwa mupepeti Nhema Sparrow Press. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Charles akakwanisa kuzvipira kuzere-kutsamba uye kuita asina mabasa echipiri - kuposvo hofisi, kunyanya - kuzvitsigira. Zvisinei, mukurumbira wake wechokwadi wakawanikwa muEurope, kwete kuNorth America nyika.

Vakadzi muhupenyu hwaBukowski

Bukowski aigara mumurongo naFrances Smith panguva yekutanga hafu yema60, waaive nemwanasikana naye (1964), Marina Louise Bukowski. Gore iro akatanga zvakare hunyanzvi hwekuumba nhetembo diki mumazitagraphs nemabhurocha anonzi "Bhokisi 1". Chakanga chiri chimiro chidiki chemhando chaisanganisira nhetembo dzakakurumbira senge "Iyo Pepa pane iyo Floor"Uye"Dhaka Basketball", Pakati pevamwe.

Pakupera kwehukama hwake naSmith, aive mune dzakasiyana siyana zvisina kurongeka rudo hukama. Pakati pavo, iyo yaaive naLinda King, mudetembi uye muvezi. Avo bhizimisi vakadyisa musimboti wenyaya zhinji, zhinji pfupi uye nhetembo dzakatsanangurwa naBukowski pakati pemakore makumi matanhatu nemakumi manomwe. Zvakananga nekuda kwezvakanyorwa izvi, munyori weGerman-America akanzi "anofarira zvebonde".

Makore apfuura

Kusvika kumagumo ema1970, Bukowski akanakidzwa nemukurumbira wakakosha mudunhu rake reGerman. Gare gare, Munguva yemakore makumi masere, munyori wekuchamhembe kweAmerica airatidzira hunyanzvi hwake nekushandira pamwe nekuwedzeredzwa kwemakomiki. Vakadzi vakanyanya kukosha mumatanho ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwaBukowski vaive Amber O'Neil (aka) naLinda Lee Beighle, waakaroora muna 1985.

Unogona kutenga bhuku pano: Pulp

Muna 1986, iyo magazini Times akamuti "mukohwi weAmerica wepasi." Muhupenyu hwake hwese hwekunyora akanyora zvinyorwa zvitanhatu. Wechitanhatu -Pulp- yakabudiswa nguva pfupi asati afa musi waMarch 9, 1994, muSan Pedro, California.

Basa raBukowski

Maitiro uye nhaka

Charles Bukowski akataura kakawanda izvozvo ake akakurisa manyorerwo aive: John Fante, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Ernest Hemingway, Louis-Ferdinand Céline, Knut Hamsun, Robinson Jeffers, DH Lawrence, Henry Miller, Du Fu, naLi Bai. Saizvozvo, kukosha kwayo mutsika dzakakurumbira dzeAmerica hazvirambike.

Hazvishamise kuti chimiro chaBukowski nebasa zvakadomwa mumatauro akasiyana siyana (cinema, theatre, mumhanzi ...). Semuenzaniso, mimhanzi mabhendi Red Hot Chili Peppers, Fall Out Boy y Tsoko. Nenzira imwe chete. Bhuku raBukowski Hamu paRye yakaitwa bhaisikopo richitungamirwa naJames Franco mu2013.

Zvimiro zvebhuku raBukowski

Bukowski akashandisa wekutanga-munhu murondedzeri aine maonero ekuzviisa pasi mudetembo rake. Zvakaenzana, zvinyorwa zvake muenzaniso wekare wechimiro chazvino uno, ndiko kuti, zvivakwa zvisina metriki yakatsanangurwa kana nhetembo, kushaya madimikira. Zvino, munhetembo zhinji akashandisa zvinyorwa zvese. Uye zvakare, akashandisa zvakafanana uye, chokwadika, mutauro wakashata uye wakashata, unowanzoitika kune "yepasi."

Hunhu uhu hunobatika mumutsara unotevera wenhetembo “bhiza mazana matatu nemazana matatu uye hure remadhora zana"(Rinoshandura ku" bhiza mazana matatu nemazana matatu emadhora uye chihure chiuru chemadhora): «iwe unotarisa uye iwe unotarisa uye iwe unotarisa uye haugone kuzvitenda"(" Unotarisa uye iwe unotarisa uye iwe unotarisa uye haugone kuzvitenda "). Pamusoro pezvo, Bukowski akashandisa zvakanyanya zviwanikwa zvinotevera zvataurwa pazasi:

• Zvisinganzwisisike.
• Asingadaviriki kana marongero akatakura kusuwa.
• Kushandiswa kwevanopikisa uye vanopikisa (kana kuchinja egos yevatambi vakuru). Semuenzaniso, munhetembo yakanzi "Nezve Shamwari Yangu Yakatambudzwa Peter," anopikisana ndiPeter uye protagonist ndiye rapporteur.
• Makakatanwa anopokana. Izvi zvinoonekwa munhetembo yakataurwa mundima yapfuura, umo Peter anoshuvira kuve nehupenyu hwakanaka semunyori. Asi murondedzeri anojekesa kuti hazvitomboiti kuva nezvose (kurarama kubva mukunyora nekugara zvakanaka).
• Hupo kana zvapupu kubva mumumvuri. Munhetembo dzake vatapi venhau uye vatambi vanoziva nezvekusviba kwenzvimbo dzinotyisa uye dzinosiririsa.
• Mune nhetembo "bhiza mazana matatu nemazana matatu uye hure remadhora zana”Mutori wenhau anojekesa kuti haasi mudetembi. Pakupedzisira, anochinja kutaura kwake mushure mekuvata nemukadzi, kana iye akamubvunza izvo zvaanoitira raramo.
• Mune nhetembo "Nezve shamwari yangu yakatambudzwa, Peter" murondedzeri anonongedzera ku "mimhanzi inosuruvarisa" achireva kuomarara kwemamiriro ezvinhu.
• Dzimwe nguva, Bukowski akashandisa mifanidzo, gudziramukanwa, uye onomatopoeia munhetembo dzake.

Chinyorwa cheBukowski Nhetembo Dzinonyanya Kuzivikanwa

• Ruva, Chibhakera, uye Kuungudza Kwakanaka (1960).
• Muchinjikwa muKufa (1965).
• PaTerror Street uye Agony Way (1968).
• Nhetembo Dzakanyorwa Usati Wasvetuka Kubva mu8 Window yenyaya (1968).
• KuBukowski Sampler (1969).
• Mazuva Anotiza Semabhiza Emusango Pamusoro peMakomo (1969).
• Moto Station (1970).
• Mockingbird Anondishuvira Rombo (1972).
• Kusvirwa Mumvura, Kunyura Mumoto: Nhetembo Dzakasarudzwa 1955–1973 (1974).
• Pamwe mangwana (1977).
• Rudo Imbwa Kubva kuGehena (1977).
• Kurembera muTournefortia (1981).
• Hondo Nguva Yese: Nhetembo 1981-1984 (1984).
• Unosurukirwa wega paNguva zvekuti Zvinongoita Njere (1986).
• Idzo dzimba dzekugara Madrigals (1988).
• Septuagenarian Stew: Nhau & Nhetembo (1990).
• Vanhu nhetembo (1991).
• Manheru Ekupedzisira eNyika Nhetembo (1992).
• Kubheja paMuseu: Nhetembo uye Nhau (1996).

Mabhuku aBukowski

Unogona kutenga bhuku pano: Vakadzi

Vazhinji vavo vanonongedzera kuhunhu hwake hwekudhakwa, kuda kwake kubhejera, nguva dzake dzekushaya basa, mabasa akasiyana siyana aifanira kuita uye vazhinji vevanoda. Kunyangwe Bukowski akagonawo kuratidza divi rakaomarara. Nekuda kweichi chikonzero akange asina dambudziko rekupinda mukukurukurirana kwekurasikirwa, rudo, chokwadi, mabhuku, uye mimhanzi.

Chinyorwa cheBukowski enganonyorwa

• Positi Hofisi (1971).
• Factotum (1975).
• Women (1978).
• Hamu paRye (1982).
• Hollywood (1989).
• Pulp (1994).

Chinyorwa cheBukowski Pfupi Nhau Mabhuku uye Unganidzo

• Kureurura kweMurume Kupenga Zvakaringana Kuti Ugare Nezvikara (1965).
• Yese Assholes muPasi neMine (1966).
• Mazano eMunhu Akasviba Akakwegura (1969).
• Erections, Ejaculations, Exhibitions, uye General Tales of Ordinary Madness (1972).
• Maodzanyemba eNo North (1973).
• Hot Music Music (1983).
• Ndiunzire rudo rwako (1983).
• Ngano Dzakajairika Kupenga (1983).
• Mukadzi Akanaka Zvikuru Muguta (1983).
• Kutsvaga (yakanyorwa-pamwe naJack Micheline naCatfish McDaris) (1997).
• Zvikamu zvinobva muWine-rakasviba Notibhuku: Pfupi Nhau uye Essays (2008).
• Kushaikwa kweGamba (2010).
• Zvimwe Zvinyorwa zveMunhu Akasviba Akakwegura (2011).
• Pakunwa (2019).

Mabhuku aBukowski uye nyaya dzenhema

• Shakespeare Haana Kuita Izvi (1979).
• Tsamba dzeBukowski / Purdy (1983).
• Kupopota kubva kuBalkoni: Tsamba Dzakasarudzwa (1993).
• Kurarama neMhanza: Tsamba Dzakasarudzwa, vol. piri (1995).
• Kaputeni Ari Kunodya Kudya Kwemanheru uye Vafambisi Vengarava Vatora Chikepe (1998).
• Svika kuzuva: Tsamba Dzakasarudzwa, vol. 3 (1999).
• Beerspit Husiku uye Kutuka: The Correspondence yaCharles Bukowski naSheri Martinelli (2001).
• Chiedza chezuva ndiri pano: Kubvunzana nekusangana, 1963–1993 (2003).