Anozivikanwa nezita remadunhurirwa remurume rekuti Víctor Català, Caterina Albert (1869-1966) aiva mumwe wevanyori vezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe vakanga vari vanasikana venguva iyo isina kugovera zvinyorwa zvevakadzi vezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe.. Akachengeta chido chekugadzira icho chakabatsira uye chakakurudzira, kupinda muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, rimwe zana rizere neshanduko zvakare kuvakadzi, uye kuti akakwanisa kusangana nemunyori wenguva refu uyu.
Caterina Albert akanyora mumutauro wechiCatalan uye yakaita mupiro unokosha kumabhuku emutauro uyu, kunyanya rondedzero. Ruzivo rwake kusurukirwa (1905) ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa. Inozivikanwa ne Kubatanidzwa kwevanyori mumutauro weCatalan uye kubva pano tinokukoka iwe kuti ucherechedze nezvemunyori uyu.
Caterina Albert: munyori
Akazvarirwa mul'Escala, Alt Empordà (Girona) muna 1869. Akabva kumhuri yainetsa kuwana minda., iyo munda waizivikanwa kwaari uye wakanga uri dingindira raaigara achiratidzira mumabasa ake. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa, senge madhirama ekumaruwa (1902) uye kusurukirwa (1905), ratidza izvo madrama ekumaruwa umo mamiriro ekunze evanhu vekumaruwa anoratidzwa. Zvakare, akaita rombo rakanaka rekuti baba vake vatsigire mabasa ake ehunyanzvi.. Chimwe chinhu chakanyatsofambisa basa rekunyora remunyori munguva dzakaoma kwaro.
Muverengi mukuru kubva achiri mudiki, akatanga kunyora achiri mudiki.. Akanga ari munyoreri webhuku rakakurumbira retsika mambokadzi yemafungiro eCatalanist akajeka. Aigara aine chishuwo chikuru uye nzwisiso mukusarudzwa kwezvidzidzo zvake uye akanyora magwaro echeki mumamiriro enguva yake.
Akanga ari munhu uyo, mukuwedzera kumabhuku, airima zvivezwa, kupenda kana kuti mifananidzo. Asi maiva mumabhuku umo basa rake rairatidzwa, iro rakakamurwa kuita nganonyorwa (novhero nengano), nhetembo uyewo nemitambo yemitambo. Ainakidzwa nekubudirira kunyangwe aisateererwa semunyori wemitambo. Aifanira kutarisana nemufananidzo wemudzimai wemba asina kumboroorwa nebasa rekunyora. Zvakadaro, kusimba kwake somunyori kwakanga kuri zvokuti kwakamutsa kusadavira pakati paavo vaimutsoropodza zvikuru.
Aive nhengo yeRoyal Academy yeGood Letters yeBarcelona (Royal Academy yeBones Tsamba dzeBarcelona), sangano rakavambwa muna 1729, uye rakanzi Asset of Cultural Interest yeSpain uye Historical Heritage yeSpain. Akafa ava nemakore 97 muna 1966. Akavigwa muOld Escala Cemetery.
nezvebasa rake
Basa rake rinofanirwa kupinda mukati memazuva ano uye aizivawo kutora mukana wekunonoka kwechisikigo kuputika zvemabhuku muSpain. Muchokwadi, chisikwa chishandiso chine simba chekubata nemhoteredzo, chinhu chikuru chebasa raAlbert. Kutevera mutsara wezvakasikwa, Chiono chaAlbert chakaomarara uye chine hutsinye pamusoro pezvinhu zvekumaruwa, vagari varo, uye nezveramangwana uye magumo evakadzi.. Iyo inojekesa iyo inonakidza determinism iyo inoratidza naturalism. Ndicho chikonzero magumo uye kusava netariro zvichave zvisingagumi mubasa rake.
Inobata zvakare nyaya dzakaita sechinzvimbo chevakadzi muvanhu uye kurwira kwavo mhuri yavo, tsika nerusununguko rwevashandi. Mhirizhonga, kupenga uye kufatalism ndedzimwe nyaya dzinomira pachena mumabhuku ake. Y Manyorero ake akayerwa virile. Akanyora pakarepo pane zvaitarisirwa kumukadzi uye akachengeta matauriro anonyandura uye matsva mubasa rake akarizadza nesimba guru rokutaura, chinhu chinokosha muzvinyorwa zvake.
Caterina Albert aigara achida kuzvipira kuita theatre, imwe yemhando yaakafarira. Zvakadaro, pakutanga kwebasa rake akabatanidzwa mune zvinonyadzisa ne monologue kuuraya vacheche (1898) izvo zvakamukonzera kusavimba uye kupokana kwevanhu vemitambo yenguva yake. Caterina Albert aibva azvipira kuedza kurondedzera.
Sezvo aive nehupenyu hwakareba kudaro, mabasa ake ekutanga (nhetembo, nyaya uye zvinyorwa) zvakagadzirirwa mune zvemazuva ano pakutanga kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX, rine simba guru rezvisikwa. Asi basa rake rinotora hafu yekutanga yezana remakore rechiXNUMX. Nechikonzero ichi, basa rake rekunyora kubva mumakumi ekutanga emakore ezana ramakore reXNUMX (chaizvo rondedzero, ine nyaya nemanovhero), kusvika kuhondo yevagari uye mushure mehondo nguva inofanirawo kusimbiswa. Dzimwe nhaurirano dzake dzaikosheswa sezvidimbu zvidiki zvemitambo uye dzakasvika pakumiririrwa.
Basa rake rakashandurirwa muchiSpanish, Chirungu, German, Italian, French, Esperanto, Flemish, Dutch, Romanian uye Czech.
Mabasa makuru aCaterina Albert
- madhirama ekumaruwa (1902) Iyo ine muunganidzwa wenyaya dzakarongwa munzvimbo yezvakatipoteredza yekumaruwa yekupera kwezana ramakore regumi nepfumbamwe.
- kusurukirwa (1905). Novel. mumutauro wechiSpanish Kusurukirwa. Iri zvakare dhirama rekumaruwa, uko madingindira ainetsa Caterina Albert nezvevakadzi anozarurwa kuburikidza nekunetseka kwehunhu, humai uye nekusarudzika kwevakadzi murusununguko. Kusurukirwa, chokwadika, kuchava rimwe dingindira guru reiri basa.
- White bhuku, polychrome, triptych (1905): seti yenhetembo.
- caires vius (1907): muunganidzwa wenyaya mukati memazuva ano.
- Firimu (3000 metres) (1926). Novel umo pesvedzero uye kuravira kwehunyanzvi hutsva hunosvika, iyo cinematographic, inoonekwa.
- contralums (1930). Nyaya pfupi pfupi anthology series.
- Altarpiece (1944). Iko kuunganidzwa kwenyaya pfupi muSpanish.
- waMosesi (1946) Ndicho mosaic yezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa kubva pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX nemunyori kutsanangura mamiriro ake semukadzi uye munyori. Basa rinokosha re autobiographical.
- Jubheri (1951) mumwe muunganidzwa wakakosha wengano.
- Muna 1951 yake Pedzisa mabasa mupepeti Selected.
- Muna 2005 anoonekwa mushure mekufa Hardware. Chiuru cheadagis kudzidza mazwi. Isarudzo yetsumo, kana kuti zvirevo zvipfupi zvine chimiro chinodzidzisa. Vakasarudzwa uye vakawedzerwa nemuzukuru waCaterina Albert, Lluís Albert.