Munhu asingaonekwe ibhuku rakagadzirwa nemunyori weBritish HG Wells. Isati yaburitswa muchimiro chebhuku muna 1897, nyaya yacho yakateedzerwa mumagazini inopembererwa Pearsons Magazini mugore iroro. Kubva ipapo, Iye murume Asingaonekwe - zita rekutanga muChirungu - rakagadziridzwa kakawanda kuita firimu, redhiyo, terevhizheni uye makomiki.
Saizvozvowo, izita renziyo rinoshandiswa nemabhendi edombo akaita saMambokadzi, Helloween naMarillion, pakati pezvimwe. Kunyange muzivisi wesayenzi wokuRussia Yakov I. Perelman (aifunga nezvomutangiri wezvinyorwa zvesayenzi zvakakurumbira) akamutsa kurukurirano yakakomba pamusoro pedzidziso dzebhuku racho muna 1913. Nhasi, nyanzvi dzedzidzo dzinorirangarira se“risingadzivisiki” resainzi.
Ongororo uye pfupiso yebhuku El murume asingaoneki
Kutanga nzira
Murume asinganzwisisike anopinda ndichitsvaga pekugara pane imwe imba yevaeni muguta reIping, Sussex, England. Musoro wacho unooneka wakafukidzwa nezvipfeko zvinodziya, akapfeka magirovhosi, ngowani uye chiso chake chakavharwa chose nemabhandeji nemagirazi makuru. Saizvozvowo, anokumbira zvakasimba Mai Hall (muchengeti weimba yevanenge vari parwendo) kuti varambe vari voga muimba yake, maanoshanda nezviridzwa zverabhoritari.
Nguva pfupi yapfuura, vanhu vemuraini vanotanga kufunga kuti ndiani mutorwa uyu asina kumbomuona masikati, nekuti anongobuda muhostel husiku. Zvichakadaro, mudzimba dzemudhorobha iri munonzi mune humbavha husinganzwisisike, huri kuitwa nembavha iyo isina kana kumboona.
Vanonyanya kutaurwa
Iyo protagonist
Mutambi mukuru ndiye Griffin, musayendisiti akangwara ane mitemo yetsika isina mubvunzo, naizvozvo, haatyi uye haazenguriri kuba kana kuuraya kana achiona zvakakodzera. Nekudaro, Wells haamuratidze seanogona psychopath kubva pakutanga. Pane kudaro, anoratidzika kuva mukomana anonzwisisa, kunyange, pakutanga, halo yekusava nechokwadi inocherechedzwa pamusoro pechimiro chake chinoshamisa.
mr shamisa
Iye ari nomad anosangana naGriffin muIping Hills, England - guta rinoitikira zviitiko - apo wekupedzisira akatiza mapurisa mushure mekuita zvakatevedzana zvekubira. Nenguva isipi, Marvel anomanikidzwa nemusayendisiti kuti abatane naye kudzamara murume asina pekugara aenda kune zviremera paanoona kuti munhu asingaoneki anopenga.
Dr Kemp
Kutevera "kutengesa" kwaMarvel, Griffin anosvika mutaundi regungwa reBurdock uye anoedza kupaza musuwo wevaeni. Asi anowanwa, akuvara nebara uye, pakati pokupererwa nezano rose, anopotera muimba yakabatana nayo. Imba iri kutaurwa inobuda kuti ndeyayo Dr. Kemp, shamwari yekare yekoreji.
The Invisibility Theory
kubva kumusangano vevaviri vaimbove vadzidzi vezvokurapa, zvikonzero zvinotsanangura chimiro chemuviri uye hunhu hune njodzi hweiyo protagonist zvinoburitswa. Ikoku kunopembedza mamiriro ake ezvinhu munhamo yakatambura munguva yakapfuura, izvo zvakamusunda kutanga chimwe chinhu chinopfuura zvokwadi. Chisikwa ichi chaive chimiro chekuti zvinhu zvimire kutora uye kuratidza chiedza.
Chimiro cherondedzero uye manyorerwo
Munhu asingaonekwe ibhuku rokurava nokukurumidza zvichipiwa kureba kwaro; ine pakati pe211 ne230 mapeji, zvichienderana neshanduro yechiSpanish. Zvakare, zvitsauko zvayo zvipfupi inonyatso zadzisa kufarira kunogadzirwa nepeni inokurumidza yemunyori weBritish. Saizvozvowo, chinyorwa chizere nerondedzero imwe chete; semuenzaniso: tsananguro yekurwa kwemunhu asingaonekwe.
Nenzira iyoyo, muverengi anokurumidza kubatwa kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira nedambudziko rinounzwa pamwe chete ne dynamic rhythm yezviitiko. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvharwa kwebasa kunorarama zvinoenderana nezvinotarisirwa kunoitwa uye, panguva imwecheteyo, kunosiya nzvimbo yekududzira kwakawanda. Zvese izvi zvakazadzikiswa nehunyanzvi nekudzika kwepfungwa kwevatambi.
Nezve munyori, H.G. Wells
Udiki nehudiki
Herbert George Wells Akazvarwa muBromley, Kent, England, munaGunyana 21, 1866, mumhuri yekirasi yepasi. Pazera remakore masere, munyori weramangwana akavhuna gumbo, izvo zvakamumanikidza kuzorora pamubhedha kwemwedzi inoverengeka. Naizvozvo, mukomana muduku akatanga kurava kuti apedze nguva; mwedzi mishoma gare gare yakava chido uye chido chake chekunyora chakazvarwa.
Tsika iyoyo yakazongoderera zvakanyanya apo, nguva pfupi yekuzvarwa kwake kwegumi nerimwe, baba vake vakaita tsaona yakamutadzisa kutsigira mhuri yake. Naizvozvo, Wells wechiduku nevakoma vake vakamanikidzwa kushanda vachipedza zvidzidzo zvavo zvesekondari. Muna 1884, Herbert akapinda muRoyal College yeScience muLondon pamusoro pezvidzidzo, kwaakange ari pasi pekudzidziswa naTH Huxley.
Michato nemafungiro ezvematongerwo enyika
HG Wells akanga akaroorwa kaviri uye aiva nevatano vashomanana kunze kweroorano muupenyu hwake hwose. Vakaroorana vavo vaiva Elizabeth Mary Wells (pakati pa1891 - 1894) naAmy Catherine Robbins (pakati pa1895 - 1927); newokupedzisira aiva nevana vaviri. Pamusoro pezvo, munyori weCanti aive nenyaya kwemakore akati wandei nevakakurumbira vakaita saOdette Zoé Keun, Rebeca West kana Margaret Sanger.
Ava vakanga vari vakadzi vane miitiro yakasununguka uye mufambiro usiri wenguva dzose wenguva yacho. Muchokwadi, West neSanger parizvino vanozivikanwa sepakati pevanonyanya kufanotungamira yeinonzi yekutanga-wave feminism. Saizvozvowo, Wells aive mutendi akasimba mukuenzana kwevakadzi uye aive chikamu cheFabian Society, bato rezvematongerwo enyika rekuruboshwe.
Mabhuku ekunyora
Kunze kwekunyora Wells aive mutori wenhau, nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu, munyori wenhoroondo uye, hongu, chiremba weBiology. Zvose izvi zvikamu zvakaratidzwa muchikamu chikuru chebhuku rake rakawanda rezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa, izvo zvinosanganisira zvikamu zvisingafi zve ngano yesainzi. Zvirokwazvo, iwo mabasa anochinjika zvine chekuita nesainzi, zvematongerwo enyika uye tsika nheyo dzechirungu njere. Semuyenzaniso:
- En muchina wenguva (1895), munyori anotaura maonero ake pamusoro pekurwa kwekirasi;
- Miganho yetsika yesainzi inoumba musimboti wenharo we Chitsuwa cheChiremba Moreau (1896) uye Munhu asingaonekwe;
- Hondo Yenyika (1898) chinyorwa chakaremerwa nekushoropodzwa kweBritish imperialism;
- Mutambi mukuru wenovel Ana Veronica (1909) mukadzi wechidiki anopandukira maitiro emadzitateguru ekutanga kwezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri;
- Kurangana kuri pachena (1922) inyaya encyclopedic pamusoro pesimba rekuzviparadza revanhu.
Mamwe mazita anozivikanwa eHR Wells (kunyanya zvematongerwo enyika mune dingindira)
- Bungee Ringtone (1909);
- Nyaya yaVaPolly (1910);
- Tsanangudzo Yenhoroondo (1920);
- Chimiro cheZvinhu zvichauya (1933);
- Kuedza mune Autobiography (1934).