Kana mushandisi weInternet anotaura chiSpanish achiongorora kutsvaga kwe "Spanish nhoroondo mabhuku", network inopa basa revanyori vakaita saPérez Reverte, Eslava Galán kana Fernández Álvarez, pakati pevamwe. Naizvozvo, kuve nebhuku rakawanda, zvakanaka kuti uve nezviratidzo zvekusarudza nenzira kwayo, nekuti aya marudzi ezvinyorwa anotangira kubva prehistory kusvika nhasi.
Kune rimwe divi, kune mabhuku enhoroondo anotarisana nenguva dzakatarwa. Yakadaro nyaya ye Zvikamu zvenyika rakanyorwa naBenito Pérez Galdós, yakanyanya kutaura nezvezviitiko zvezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Ichi chinyorwa chinopa sarudzo yemagwaro ine yakakura nguva yekuverenga uye inoenderana nekutangisa zvimwe Munguva pfupi yapfuura
Speini. biography yerudzi (2010), naManuel Fernández valvarez
Iye munyori, anokwanisa semumwe wevanyori vezvakaitika kare veSpain venguva ino, anosimbisa chimiro chake neiri rakazara nhoroondo yebasa. Spain biography yerudzi Inosanganisira kuongororwa kwakadzama kwezviitiko zvine hungwaru uye zvinopesana zviitiko zvakaitika zvakaitika mukati mezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Curiosities nezve iro bhuku
Kunyangwe ichive chinyorwa chakakomba uye chakazara icho chinotanga nemurume wechinyakare weIberian Peninsula, hachisi chirevo chakareba chenhoroondo. Saizvozvo, munyori anoenda nekudzokorora zvakadzama zviitiko zvikuru zvakaitika, asi asingamiri zvinopfuura zvakafanira. Nekudaro, bhuku iri rinogona kushandira vese "wekutanga" muSpanish nhoroondo uye nyanzvi.
Ukuwo, muverengi achawana - sekuratidzwa kunoitwa musoro wenyaya - ongororo yehupenyu hwakareba hwenyika. Zvakare zvinoshamisa kuti nzira inofadza inoitwa kutenderera Spain yaFranco kana maartist makuru nevanyori. Mune mamwe mazwi, munyori anoita kunge haashaye chero ruzivo rwezvose zvakaitika muhupenyu hweSpain, pasina kuverenga kwakanyanya.
Izvo zvaive zvisiri mubhuku rangu reSpanish renhoroondo (2016), naFrancisco García del Junco
Iri ibasa rine hunhu hwakajeka hwenyika yako yakatsaurirwa kuongorora iwo asina kunyatso kuzivikanwa ndima munhoroondo yeSpain. Nechinangwa ichi, munyori akaburitsa chidimbu chakarongwa kuita zvitsauko gumi nezvitatu iyo inotanga nekudzivirira kweCagagena de Indias inotungamirwa naBlas de Lezo. Zvinoenderana naGarcía del Junco, "kukunda kukuru kwemakungwa muEngland."
Makwikwi aya anga asati akataurwa nezvakanyorwa zvechivanhu, asi mukati memireniyamu nyowani pakave nekuongororwa kwakanaka kwazvo pachinhu ichi. Pane rimwe divi, Iri bhuku rinonakidza naGarcía del Junco rinoongorora zviitiko zvekukosha zvakanyanya, pakati pavo:
- Kufamba kweMalasapina.
- Iyo Royal Vaccine Philanthropic Expedition.
- Tsvagurudzo dzakatungamirwa naManuel Iradier mumasango eGulf yeGuinea.
- Pedro Páez, "muSpanish uyo akawana manyuko eNairi" (iyi feat ndeimwe yeasina kuzivikanwa kusvika nhasi kuruzhinji rweSpain).
- Runyararo rwemombe Nhatu.
- Kupinda kweViking panguva dzeMiddle Ages.
Nhoroondo pfupi yeSpain (2017), naGarcía de Cortázar naGonzález Vesga
Iri bhuku rakatanga kuburitswa muna1993; kubva ipapo yakapihwa mbiri yekudhindazve uye nekudzokororwa kwazvino. Pamusoro pe, ine budiriro inoshamisa yekunyora; Yakave yakashandurwa mumitauro yakati wandei uye mukurumbira wayo uchidarika miganhu yeSpain. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenyaya yekuti - kunyangwe paine angangoita chiuru mapeji - inozadzikisa kunyatso uye kutarisisa izvo zvisingawanzoitika mumagwaro mazhinji enhoroondo.
Nhoroondo nhoroondo
Kudzokororazve kwakawanda kwezita iri kwaita kuti zvikwanise kunatsa zvirimo nenzira inoshamisa. Iyo yakakosha mhando yeiyi nhoroondo yeSpain ndeyekuti inotaura nguva dzese dzeEuropean nekunyatso uye synthesis. Saizvozvowo, kurondedzerwa kwezviitiko kunonyanya kufadza uye kunonyengedza muverengi kuti azive tsika yetsika yeSpanish.
Zvisinei, zvemukati Nhoroondo pfupi yeSpain akagamuchira kutsoropodzwa kubva kune vamwe vanyori venhoroondo, vanopomera kusakosha kwezvematongerwo enyika uye mafungiro evanyori varo. Nekudaro, kuzivikanwa senge razvino rugwaro kuri kusingarambike kune veruzhinji vanofarira kuziva kuti nyika yeSpain yakagadziriswa sei.
Nhoroondo yeSpain yakaudzwa kune vanofungidzira (2017), naJuan Eslava Galán
Eslava Galán akadzokorora akajekesa chinangwa chekuburitswa kwake: "kutaurirana nhoroondo yeSpain nenzira yakapusa". Kubva pamaonero emunyori, chakakosha kuburitswa kwenyaya iyi kwete kutsvagirwa tsika. Sei? Zvakanaka, munyori anosimbisa kuti hunyanzvi hwezvidzidzo uhwu hunowanzo deredzwa nekududzirwa.
Mhedzisiro yacho rave chinyorwa chakakurudzirwa kwazvo kune vasinga-verengi maverengi ezvinyorwa zvine chekuita nespanish nhoroondo. Nenzira imwecheteyo, iri bhuku harifanire kuvhiringidzwa neyakaongororwa nhoroondo. Pane kupesana, irondedzero yakataurwa iyo inokoka muverengi kuti asavimbe.
Kufunga nezvazvo
Eslava Galán akatsanangura chimiro chekuburitswa kwake neshoko rekuti "Ini handisi kutaura kuti ichokwadi, chakaringana uye chine tsitsi, nekuti hapana nyaya iri". Naizvozvo, Haisi chinyorwa chakasiyaniswa nechishuwo chayo chekuongorora chenhoroondo. Muchokwadi, inoratidza atypical maonero ezviitiko kuitira kuunza nhoroondo yeSpain padhuze kune avo vasingatende mazviri.
Mune mamwe mazwi, Haisi bhuku rinogutsa, asi kutsanangurira avo vanopokana kuti sei uye nei zvimwe zviitiko zvakaitika. Naizvozvo, muverengi anowana mhirizhonga yakasarudzika kubva kumagwaro ezvakaitika kare. Mupfungwa iyi, Eslava Galán akataura kuti "kana muverengi akadzidza chimwe chinhu, chichaonekwa sechakabhadharwa."
Nhoroondo yeSpain (2019), naArturo Pérez Reverte
Iri bhuku - rakanyorwa nemumwe wevanonyanya kuzivikanwa vanofunga muSpain - inyaya yekuzviisa pasi yezviitiko zvakasiyana zvakatanhamara zverudzi rweIberia. Ikoko, Perez Reverte inoongorora zviitiko zvakatangira pakubuda kwevanhu, kuburikidza neMiddle Ages kusvika kune XNUMXth century.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti Nhoroondo yeSpain harisi basa redzidzo chete. Kunyangwe, zviripachena, munyori anotsanangudza zvemukati zvakazvipira chaizvo kune izvo Spain nhasi. Naizvozvo, munyori anokwanisa kuratidza zvinehunyanzvi idiosyncrasy, iyo gentilicio uye nekunzwa kwevaSpanish.
Maitiro uye chinangwa
Nhoroondo yeSpain Icho chinyorwa chinonakidza kuverenga, chinonakidza, kure nedzidzo yezvakaitika uye, dzimwe nguva, neinoseka uye inonzwika toni Zvayo, Pérez Reverte anoongorora iyo Spanish nhoroondo uchitarisa kune anecdotal ruzivo, kushandisa kutsamwa kana kutaura kwekunyepedzera kubata chinyengeri muoni.
Mukupedzisira, muverengi ndiye anosarudza kuti chinangwa chebhuku chii, asi munyori ane maonero akasarudzika nezvazvo. Kunyanya, anoti akazvinyora kuti "unakirwe, woverengazve uye unakirwe, chikonzero chekutarisa kumashure kubva kunguva dzekare kusvika nhasi". Kuonekwa nenzira iyi, kukokwa kwakasiyana zvachose neyakajairwa, nekuti inovavarira kudzidza nhoroondo yeSpain nechinangwa chekutamba.
Mamwe mazita ekuti uone
- Nzwisisa nhoroondo yeSpain (2011), naJoseph Pérez.
- Yakazara nhoroondo yeSpain (2013) naRicardo de la Cierva.
- Yazvino nhoroondo yeSpain (2017), naJordi Canal.