Kune avo Bhero Rinobhadhara
Kune avo Bhero Rinobhadhara ndeimwe yenhau dzakakurumbira dzemunyori weAmerica uye mutori wenhau Ernest Hemingway. Shanduro yaro yepakutanga muChirungu -Kwaani Bell Bhurosi- Yakaburitswa muNew York muna Gumiguru 1940. Muna 1999, basa racho rakaverengerwa mune runyorwa rwe "Mabhuku zana ezana ramakore."", Yakagadzirwa nepepanhau reParis Le Monde.
Iyo rondedzero inoitika mugore rechipiri reSpanish Civil War; panguva iyoyo, protagonist yaro inorarama nyaya yerudo pakati pehondo yekurwa. Mubayiro weNovel weMabhuku wakagadzira iyi nhoroondo zvichienderana nezviitiko zvehunyanzvi semunyori wehondo. Uye zvakare, aisanganisira zvimwe zvemisoro yake, senge nyika yake uye kuzviuraya kwababa vake. Shanduro yechiSpanish chebhuku rakaburitswa muna 1942 muBuenos Aires (Argentina)
Pfupiso ye Kune avo Bhero Rinobhadhara
Chekutanga chinogumbura
Mangwanani-ngwanani kwaMay 30, 1937, maRepublicans vakaita kurwisa kwekutanga kweSegovia inogumbura. Mushure mekubudirira kwekurwiswa, General Golz anopa basa rakakosha muAmerican anozvipira uye anoputika nyanzvi, Robert Jordan. Anoziviswa izvozvo inofanirwa kuputika bhiriji kuti usazopikiswa nevekunze.
Basa rinotanga
IAmerican inoenda kuSierra de Guadarrama, isa padyo ne mugero wevavengi, ipapo ane nhungamiro yemurwi wekare Anselmo. Robert anofanira kutaura nemapoka evapanduki ari munzvimbo iyi kuti amubatsire nebasa iri. Pakutanga inosangana naPablo, uyo anotungamira boka remagandanga, asi izvo, pakutanga, haabvumirani naJordani.
Mumusangano uno zvakare kune mudzimai waPablo - Pilar-, uyo, mushure mekuramba kwemumwe wake, anozvizivisa, anovimbisa boka uye anova mutungamiri mutsva. Kuva ipapo, Joridhani anosangana naMaria, musikana mudiki akanaka uyo anokwanisa kumutora pakutanga kuona. Ivo pavanenge vachironga kurwisa, rudo rwunozvarwa pakati pevaviri, zvekuti Robert anorota ramangwana nemukadzi akanaka.
Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa.
Ronga kusimbisa
Nechinangwa chekusimbisa zano, Jordan anosangana nemamwe magandanga anotungamirwa naEl Sordo, uyo akabvumawo kubatana. Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, Robert anotanga kutya, sezvo zvese zvichinongedzera kunhume yekuzviuraya. Nekudaro, iri boka revapateri vanoita chinangwa chavo nechinangwa chakafanana: kudzivirira Republic kubva kumaFascist, uye kuita zvese pasina kufunga kufa muhondo.
Analysis of Kune avo Bhero Rinobhadhara
Maumbirwo uye mhando yemutauri
Naani dobNdinoridza mabhero ingano yehondo ine mapeji 494 akagoverwa pamusoro pechitsauko 43. Hemingway akashandisa anoziva zvese wechitatu-munhu munyori, uyo anotaurira zano kuburikidza nepfungwa uye tsananguro dzemunhu mukuru.
Vanhu
Robert Jordan
Iye mudzidzisi weAmerica uyo gore rapfuura akapinda muhondo yeRepublican muHondo Yenyika. Iye ane hunyanzvi sedhijitara uye nekudaro anofanirwa kuita basa rakakosha mukukonana. Pakati pebasa anodanana naMaría, izvo zvinoita kuti achinje maonero ake pahupenyu hwake. Nekudaro, iwo ese manzwiro akakundwa nemweya wekufa uyo wakakomberedza nyaya.
María
Ndiye nherera ine makore gumi nemapfumbamwe yakanunurwa neboka raPablo, ndosaka ari mukadzi waPilar. Akatambura kubatwa zvisina kunaka nevaFascist, avo vakamurera uye vakasiya mucherechedzo. María anodanana naRobert, ivo vaviri vanorarama mazuva anodakadza, vaine zvirongwa zvakawanda pamwe chete, asi iro ramangwana rinodzikira nekuda kwemishini yakapihwa mudzidzisi weAmerica
Anselm
Iye murume ane makore makumi matanhatu nemasere ekuberekwa, shamwari yakatendeka yeJoridhani, akavimbika kuzvinangwa zvake uye nevamwe vake. Icho chiri pamusoro peakakosha hunhu munhoroondoSezvo kuvonga rubatsiro rwake, protagonist anokwanisa kubata Pablo.
Pablo
Ndiye mutungamiri weboka remagandanga. Kwenguva yakareba aive akarongeka, asi ari kuenda kunjodzi yakamutungamira kuti ave nedambudziko nedoro, kunyumwira nekunyengera, ndosaka achirasikirwa nehutungamiriri hwepamberi.
Pilar
Ndiyo Mukadzi waPablo, mukadzi akasimba, akashinga uye murwi; zvakajeka mukutenda kwake. Kunyangwe hunhu hwake hwakaoma, iye munhu akanaka anokurudzira kuvimba mune vamwe. Ndicho chikonzero ichi kuti haana kana matambudziko ekutora matomu eboka mukutarisana nematambudziko aPablo.
Kugadziriswa
Mushure mekukanganiswa kwebhuku, muna 1943 iyo firimu ine zita rimwe chete sebhuku rakaburitswa, yakaburitswa naParamount Mifananidzo uye inotungamirwa naSam Wood. Vanyori vayo vakuru vaive: Gary Cooper -aitamba Robert Jordan- naIngrid Bergman -aitamba Maria. Iko kupfura kwaive kwakabudirira firimu kubudirira uye akagamuchira mapfumbamwe Oscar mazita.
Curiosities
Nziyo mukukudza kweruzivo
Zvitatu zvakakosha zvikwata zvakagadzira mimhanzi mukukudza iro basa. Idzi dzaive:
- Chikwata cheAmerican Metallica chakapa muna 1984 rwiyo "Kune Ndiani Anoridzirwa Nhare" yeiyo dambarefu Tasva Mheni
- Muna 1993, boka reBritish Bee Gees rakaburitsa rwiyo "For Who Who the Bell Tolls" pane yavo albha. Saizi Haisi Zvese
- Muna 2007, boka reSpanish Los Muertos de Cristo rakawedzera kune yavo albha Libertarian Rhapsody Vhoriyamu II, dingindira: "Kune Iye Anoridzirwa Nhare Neni"
Zita reruzivo
Hemingway yakanzi bhuku rakafuridzirwa nechidimbu chakatorwa kubva kubasa Devotions (1623) nanyanduri John Donne. Chidimbu chakanzi "Nenzwi ravo rinononoka vanoti: uchafa", chikamu chayo chinosimbisa kuti: "Kufa kwemurume chero upi zvake kunondideredza nekuti ini ndakabatanidzwa murudzi rwevanhu; nokudaro, usatume kutumira kunobvunza kuti bhero rinobhadharira ani; vanokukwiririra ”.
Sobre el autor
Munyori uye mutori wenhau Ernest Miller Hemingway akaberekwa muna Chikunguru 21, 1899 muIllinois (United States). Vabereki vake vaive Clarence Edmonds Hemingway naGrace Hall Hemingway, vanhu vanoremekedzwa mu Oak Park. Muchikamu chekupedzisira chedzidzo yake yechipiri, akaisanganisira kirasi yevatapi venhau. Ikoko akaita zvinyorwa zvinoverengeka uye muna 1916 akakwanisa kuburitsa imwe yeiyi mupepanhau rechikoro The Trapeze.
Ernest Hemingway
Muna 1917, akatanga ruzivo rwake semunyori wenhau mupepanhau Kansas City Nyeredzi. Gare gare, akapinda muHondo Yenyika I semutyairi weamburenzi, asi munguva pfupi akadzokera kunyika yake kunoshanda mune mamwe midhiya. Muna 1937, akatumirwa semunyori wehondo kuSpain, ndipo paakaona makakatanwa akati wandei enguva uye kwemakore akafamba pasi rese.
Hemingway akabatanidza basa rake semunyori wenhau pamwe nechido chake semunyori, bhuku rake rekutanga: Mvura yematsutso, yakabuda pachena muna 1926. Nekudaro akapa gumi nemaviri emabasa, umo bhuku rake rekupedzisira muhupenyu rakatanhamara: Chembere negungwa (1952). Nekuda kwenyaya iyi, munyori akagashira Pulitzer Prize muna 1953 uye akapihwa mubairo weNobel weMabhuku muna 1954.
Munyori wenhau
- Iyo Torrents yeChirimo (1926)
- Zuva Rinowedzerawo (1926)
- Farewell kumaArms (1929)
- Kuve Uye Kusina (1937)
- Kwaani Bell Bhurosi (1940).
- Mhiri kwerwizi nekuMiti (1950)
- Murume Mukuru neGungwa (1952)
- Zvitsuwa muRukova (1970)
- Bindu reEdheni (1986)
- Chokwadi paKutanga Chiedza (1999)