Ishe wezvindori

Ishe wezvindori inguva yemavhoriyamu matatu yakanyorwa naJohn Ronald Reuel Tolkien, anonyanyo kuzivikanwa saJRR Tolkien, Purofesa weBritish uye philologist. Iyo inofungidzirwa seimwe yeakanyanya epic fantasy anoshanda ezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri nekuda kwekuzivikanwa kwayo kukuru uye akasiyana ezvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvainotaura.

Yakaburitswa muUnited Kingdom pakati pa1954 na1955, uye ikave yakakurumbira kunze kwemiganhu yayo kubva kuma1960.. Izvo zvakapa kusimudzira kweanonyanya kufunga, kuumbwa kwenzanga dzevaverengi, uye kuburitswa kwemunyori nhoroondo dzeupenyu uye zvinyorwa zvekuwedzera. Basa rakashandurwa mumitauro inodarika makumi mana uye rikanyorwazve kakawanda. Uye haazorambi, harisi basa riri nyore kuverenga, asi zvinosiya muverengi wega wega achitora dzidziso dzisingakanganwike uye dzinodzidzisa.

Basa rinokosha

Kuzivikanwa kwe Ishe wezvindori yakapfuura zvinyorwa. Dzose dziri mbiri ino uye prequel yayo, Hobbit, uye vhoriyamu yenheyo inozvitevera, Ivo Silmarillion, akagadziridzwa pamusoro pemakore kutepfenyuro dzenhepfenyuro, mitambo yebhodhi, mitambo-yekutamba mitambo, zvinyorwa zvemifananidzo, theatre nemitambo yemafirimu.

Iyo yakabudirira kwazvo firimu inoenderana ndeye trilogy inotungamirwa neNew Zealand mugadziri wefirimu Peter Jackson, yakaburitswa pakati pa2001 na2003. Aya mafirimu akawana mibairo yakawanda uye mvumo kumitambo yakasiyana yemafirimu, kusanganisira iyo Oscar yeWakanakisa Firimu yekuendesa kwekupedzisira Kudzoka kwaMambo, muna 2004. Zvanga zvisingatarisirwi zvishoma, kunyanya sezvo kuri kuchinjika kweimwe remabhuku anotengeswa zvakanyanya munhoroondo.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Mabhuku anotengesa zvakanyanya munhoroondo

Sobre el autor

JRR Tolkien akaberekwa muna 1892 muBloemfontein, Orange Free State (nhasi ndima yeSouth Africa), asi kubvira achiri mudiki akagara muBirmingham, England. Akashanda semukuru wezvekufambiswa kwemashoko muBritish Army munguva yeHondo Yenyika I. Akasarudzika muChirungu philology uye linguistics. Akanga ari purofesa paYunivhesiti yeOxford uye Merton College.

Ruzivo rwake rwakadzama rweChirungu, ChiGerman nemitauro yakatangira ivo (pakati pemimwe mitauro yakawanda yaaigona kwazvo), pamwe nekufarira kwake chitendero, Ngano dzeNorse neuzivi, zvinoratidzwa mune yakaoma nzvimbo ye Ishe wezvindori, Hobbit y Ivo Silmarillion.

Kuwedzera mabasa aya, akanyora nhetembo dzakawanda uye nyaya uye akavaka mitauro yakasiyana siyana yemarudzi akasiyana evatambi mumanovel ake. Akafira muOxford muna 1973.

Pakati-pasi uye ngano yekutanga yevanhu

Zviitiko zve Ishe wezvindori kutora nzvimbo pane yekufungidzira kondinendi inonzi Middle Earth, Yakafemerwa nematunhu eEurope, Africa neAsia. Elves, hobbits, madiki, varume, dúnedain, orcs, pakati pemamwe madzinza anogara mukondinendi ino.

Iyo nyaya inotaura nezvehondo dzinorwirwa kutora uye nekuparadza yakasarudzika mhete. Iyi mhete chinhu chine simba kwazvo uye chine njodzi. Yakagadzirwa namwari akaipa, Sauron, nechinangwa chekutonga mamwe maringi esimba akaumbirwa navanamwari ndokupihwa kumarudzi akasiyana siyana aigara Middle Earth panguva iyoyo.

Netsaona izvo zvakabatana mu prequels, iyo yakasarudzika mhete, iri mukugara kwaBilbo Baggins, muHobbit anogara muThe Shire. Muzukuru waBilbo, Frodo, anoitora senhaka pamwe nechinangwa chekumuunza kuna Modor nekumuparadza. Muna Mordor mune mweya weSauron, mupikisi mukuru wenyaya.

Mune dzimwe dzetsamba dzake Tolkien inoreva kuti Middle Earth iri fananidzo kune iro chairo Nyika uye kuti zviitiko zvese izvi ingano pamusoro pekutanga kwehunhu hwemazuva ano.

Izvo zviitiko zvakarondedzerwa mumavhoriyamu matatu:

• Iko Kubatana kweRin'i
• Iyo Towers mbiri
• Kudzoka kwaMambo
  

  JRR Tolkien akatorwa.

Kubudirira kwechirongwa uye manyorerwo maitiro

Yakadzama uye synergistic rondedzero

Ishe weRings haisi trilogy, nekuti izvo zvinorondedzerwa mumavhoriyamu matatu zvakanangana zvakananga uye haigone kukosheswa imwe neimwe. Asi, ibhuku rakareba mumavhoriyamu matatu, rimwe nerimwe rakakamurwa kuita mabhuku maviri, pamwe nesumo pamberi pebhuku rekutanga.

Iye murondedzeri anoziva zvese uye kune zvikamu uye kunyangwe zvitsauko zvese zvakatsaurirwa kutsanangura nharaunda zvakadzama., zviitiko, vatambi, zvinhu uye zvinangwa. Pakutanga rondedzero inotevera Frodo nemamwe maHobbits, asi pane imwe nhanho mubhuku rechipiri rakakamurwa uye rinotevera zviitiko zvakasiyana zvinoitika panguva imwe chete. Izvi zvaita kuti nyaya iyi ive inokodzera kugadziridza kwekuteerera nekuona.

Misoro yakasiyana uye zvinofurira

Dingindira guru re Ishe wezvindori iyo kurwira kwechakanaka kurwisa chakaipa uye zvibayiro kune chikuru chakakura, iyo inoreva chitendero cheKaturike icho Tolkien aiti. Vatambi vanonyanya kufemerwa neakawanda mareferenzi kubva mungano dzeNorse uye epiki maAnglo-eGerman epiki, senge nhetembo Beowulf.

Iyo nyaya ine zvimwe zvakafanana neIcelandic epic Volsunga, sosi imwechete yekufemerwa kweopera Mhete yeNibelung rakanyorwa naRichard Wagner. Vamwe vaverengi vanowanawo mareferenzi e MacbethnaWilliam Shakespeare uye dzimwe ndima kubva La República yaPlato.

Kuumbwa kwemashoko akasiyana

Kune mamwe marudzi akasiyana nedzedzinza revatambi varimo mubasa, munyori waro akagadzira mazwi akasiyana nemaduramazwi, rakafemerwa zvishoma nemitauro chaiyo asi rakasiyana kwazvo kubva kune rimwe.

Semuenzaniso, iyo gnomic, mutauro weiyo gnomes; Sindarin, weyegrey elves; iyo Quenya, yemakona eNoldor neTelerín, yemakungwa elves. Imwe yeiyi ine girama yayo, iyo Tolkien akapukuta sezvaaifambira mberi nekunyorwa kweruzivo uye nekudzokororwa kwaro kwakatevera. Kune vazhinji vatsoropodzi uye vaverengi, kuumbwa kwemitauro iyi zvine mukurumbira kunowedzera Ishe wezvindori.

Vanhu

Frodo

Iye ndiye protagonist mukuru wenyaya. Iye ndewomutsara werudzi rwehubbit, uye ari wedzinza raBilbo Baggins, kubva kwaari waanowana nhaka yemhete yakasarudzika.

Uye zvakare, iye ari pamusoro pekutakura nekutora mhete kuenda kuGomo reDambudziko muMordor kuti aparadzwe., mune kambani yeSassagaz nedzimwe nhengo dzeKubatana kweRin. Munguva yerwendo anofuridzirwa neringi, iyo inomutambudza uye inoita kuti ashuve simba. Iye pakupedzisira anozadzikisa basa rake uye obva Middle-pasi kune Nyika Dzisina Kufuma.

Aragorn

Iye ndiye dunnadan, ndiko kuti, wedzinza repamusoro revarume, akasimba uye akareba-kurarama. Iye ndiye kaputeni wekuchamhembe Dúnedain uye mugari wenhaka wechigaro cheArinor, kuchamhembe kweMiddle-pasi.

Akatungamira Kuwadzana kweRin'i mushure mekufa kwaGandalf uye akarwa hondo pamusuwo waMordor saka Frodo naSam vanogona kuparadza rin'i kubva pamberi paSauron.

Pakupera kwehondo akagadzwa korona mambo weArnor naGondor uye akaroora elf Arwen.

Samsagacious

Samsagaz, kana kungoti Sam, mugari we hobbit anogara muThe Shire. Ndiye shamwari yepamwoyo yaFrodo uye anomuperekedza nekumudzivirira parwendo rwese kuenda kunoparadzwa kwerin'i imwechete.

Gollum

Iye hobho akashatiswa nesimba rerimwe ringi. Zita rake pakutanga raive Smeagol. Akawana mhete isati yauya kuna Bilbo, sekuru vaFrodo, uye yaive pasi pekutonga kwake kwemakore mazhinji.

Iye ane hanya nekuidzosa uye anotevera Frodo panguva yekuenda kuMordor, mavaive vakanangana kakawanda. Pakupedzisira anocheka chigunwe chake uko Frodo akapfeka ringi ndokudonha pamwe nacho mumirazvo yeGomo reDambudziko. Ndiwo mufananidzo wemakakatanwa akagadzirwa neringi uye chishuwo chesimba.

boromir

Iyo dunadan yeGondor. Akaenda kuna Rivendell mushure mekurota yete imwechete uye aive chikamu cheKuwadzana kweRin'i. Akaedzwa neringi uye akapotsa aibvuta kuna Frodo. Akafa achidzivirira hobbits muhondo uye nekudaro akashambidza mhosva yake yekuzvibvumira kunyengerwa nemhete.

Sauron

Ndiye anopikisa mukuru wenyaya. Ndiumwari hwakaipa uye munyengeri wemhete yakasarudzika. Pamberi pezviitiko zve Ishe wezvindori, akakundwa uye mhete inotorwa kubva kwaari. Mweya wake unogara muMordor wakakomberedzwa nezvisikwa zvakaipa.

Vavariro yake ndeyekudzosera iyo imwe mhete yekutonga iyo Noldor, mhuri yemasvosve avo vane mamwe ese mhete, uye nekudaro vanotonga kuMiddle Earth.

Gandalf

Ndiye n'anga yekare kana istar. Iye ndiye mutungamiri weiyo Kubatana kweiRing uye anotungamira zviito zvaFrodo kune yakawanda yenyaya.. Iye anorwira balrog uye anodonha panguva yehondo mumigodhi yeMoria, zvichibvumira iyo yese iyo Kubatana kuti ifambire mberi.

Anodzoka gare gare akapfeka zvichena uye akasimbiswa kuti arambe achitungamira Frodo nevamwe vese mukutumwa kwavo.

Galadriel

Iye elf ane simba kwazvo, chikamu chemhuri yeNoldor. Ndiye mukadzi waCeleborn, mumwe weakakosha elves muMiddle Earth.. Akapa nhengo dzeThe Fellowship of the Ring zvipo zvakasiyana kuti zvivabatsire parwendo rwavo. Ndiye mutakuri weimwe yemaringi e elven, anonzi Nenya.

Legolas

Iye elf yemhuri yeSinda, mwanakomana wamambo elf Thandruil weMirkwood. Ndiye mumwe wemapfumbamwe nhengo dzeiyo The Fellowship of the Ring. Akatungamira Kuwadzana kuCaras Galadhon, kwaigara Celeborn naGaladriel. Iye anoshamwaridza Aragorn uye mudiki Gimli, nokudaro achiunza iwo matatu madzinza kwavanova pamwechete. Irwa neushingi muHondo yeHondo Town uye muhondo yekupedzisira muMordor.