Fahrenheit 451.
"Nekuti kuverenga kunokutadzisa iwe kuva naively kufara uye munyika yeMontag unofanirwa kufara nekumanikidza ..." mutsara uyo pabutiro rekuseri kwe Fahrenheit 451 Iyo inonyatso kumisikidza masterful dystopia yakagadzirwa naRay Bradbury. Iyo nyaya izere nezviitiko zvinotyisa, zvinomiririra pane tarisiro yeramangwana rekupedzisira iro risinganetsi mazuva ese. Saka zvinoreva kuti, yambiro yakajeka pamusoro pekuwedzeredzwa kwe "zvemukati zvemapenzi".
Munyori anotsanangura nyika umo mufaro hausi iwo mamiriro epfungwa, asi icho chirevo chakaiswa mundangariro kutadza kuburikidza neterevhizheni, kunyanya. Naizvozvo, kuverenga kwakarambidzwa zvachose. Kunzwisisa, kupa maonero uye kugadzira maitiro ako maitiro asingagamuchirwe anofanirwa kubviswa nekukasira kuitira kudzivirira kupararira kwehunhu hune njodzi. Ndiro rimwe remabasa akanakisa aRay Bradbury akaendeswa kubhaisikopo.
Sobre el autor
ray bradbury Akazvarwa muWaukegan, Illinois, United States, muna Nyamavhuvhu 22, 1920. Munguva yehudiki hwake uye kuyaruka ainyanya kubata hope dzinotyisa, zvisinei, akashandisa yakawanda yemifananidzo iyoyo inoshungurudza mumabasa ake akazotevera. Kuderera Kukuru kwakamanikidza mhuri yake kuenda kuLos Angeles, kwaakapedza chikoro chesekondari.
Kunyangwe usiri kuenderera nezvidzidzo zvepamutemo, muna 1943 akagamuchirwa semunyori nyanzvi nekuda kwekushingirira kwake muhunyanzvi uye nehunyanzvi hwekuzvidzidzisa-kugona. Makumi emakore ema50 anouya kuzove nguva yekugadzwa mushure mekuburitswa kwe Martian Makoronike (1950), Murume akafananidzirwa (1951) uye Fahrenheit 451 (1953), mazita ekuremekedzwa nekushoropodzwa kwemabhuku.
Bradbury akapindawo munyika yenhetembo, pamwe nekunyora zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa zveterevhizheni. Misoro yakajairika yebasa rake yakazove yekuona kwazvo, kazhinji nguva dzose ine chekuita nemibvunzo nezvetsika dzenyika dzakasimukira, hutongi, kuvharidzira, hondo dzeatomu, fascism uye kutsamira kwetekinoroji.
Maitiro ake akasanganisa fungidziro munzira yakasarudzika, zvinotyisa, nhetembo uye zvinotyisa. Saizvozvowo, maitiro ekuzvidza pamusoro peudzvanyiriri inogara iri misoro pamwe nekutya kufa kana kwavo kusashivirira kurudzi uye xenophobia. Ray Bradbury akafa muna Chikunguru 5, 1912.
Fahrenheit 451 Zvinyorwa
“Kwakave nerunyararo rwakaungana pamoto wemoto uye runyararo rwakanga rwuri kumeso kwevarume, uye nguva yaivepo, yakareba zvakakwana kuti ugare munzira yakaumbwa iri pasi pemiti, nenyika uye nekuitendeudza nemaziso ako, sekunge chidimbu chesimbi icho varume vaya vaigadzira chakasungirirwa pakati pemoto. Wakange usiri iwo moto chete wanga wakasiyana. Kwakadaro kunyarara. Montag akapinda mune runyararo rwakakosha, zvine chekuita nezvese zviri munyika.
Vagadziri vemoto naGuy Montag
"Kwanga kwakanaka kupisa." Fahrenheit 451 zvinoreva madhigirii etembiricha panotsva mapepa nemagwaro Guy Montag, protagonist, zvakare ane iyo nhamba 451 yakanyorwa pane ngowani yake yemoto. Kunyangwe basa ravo risiri rekudzimisa moto, asi, ndezvekuvakonzera kuti vaparadze mabhuku.
Bradbury inosvitsa surrealism yeRamangwana America, uko vanodzima moto vasingatakuri zvekudzimisa moto, vanotakura varimi vemoto. Pfungwa imwechete ndeyechokwadi (inogamuchirwa nevazhinji veruzhinji) yakakosha kurunyararo rwenyika. Montag inogutsikana neizvi, kusvika padanho rekuti iye anodada nebasa rake.
Simba reMabhuku naClarisse McClellan
"Unoziva here kuti nei mabhuku akaita seaya achikosha? Nekuti vane mhando. Uye izwi rekuti hunhu rinorevei? Kwandiri, zvinoreva kugadzirwa. Iri bhuku rine pores, rine maficha. Iri bhuku rinogona kuiswa pasi pe microscope. Kuburikidza nelenzi iye aizowana hupenyu, zvisaririra zvekare mukusingaperi kusingaperi. Iyo inowedzera pores, iyo inonyatso chokwadi zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvehupenyu iwe zvaunogona kuwana kubva kune yega bepa pepa, iyo inowedzera "yekunyora" inotaridzika. Chero zvazvingaitika, ndiyo dudziro yangu. Kuburitsa pachena. Dzazvino ruzivo. Vavezi vakanaka vanobata hupenyu kazhinji. Iye wepakati anokurumidza kumhanyisa ruoko rwavo pamusoro pazvo. Vakaipa vanobata chibharo vachimusiya asina basa.
Unoziva here, ikozvino, nei mabhuku achivengwa nekutyiwa? Ivo vanoratidza iwo pores echiso chehupenyu. Vanhu vakanaka vanongoda zviso zvemwedzi uzere, vasina pores, vasina vhudzi, vasina kutaura ”.
Ray Bradbury.
Iye chikamu chechikwata - Cuban G2 maitiro - ekuparadza mabhuku, sezvo achionekwa sechinhu chinokonzera nyonganiso nekuvhiringidzika.. Kusvikira Clarisse McClellan aonekwa, anokwezva ane makore gumi nemanomwe anofarira zvehunhu uye haana kugutsikana nemamiriro ezvinhu enharaunda yake. Anodyara "utachiona hwekusahadzika" muuropi hwaGuy, hunokura huchiwedzeredzwa nezviitiko zvinoteedzana zvinoitika.
Kuzviuraya kusingatarisirwi, kufa kwechipiri kunokatyamadza uye neshanduko isingatarisirwe
Kutanga, Mildred, mudzimai wake anoedza kuzviuraya nekumwisa mapiritsi ekurara mazhinji. Gare gare, anodzidza nezve chembere yakanga yakahwanda mabhuku uye yakasarudza kupiswa pamwe chete nemabhuku ayo. Pakupedzisira, tsaona yemotokari yaClarisse inonyudza Montag mukutambudzika kwakadzika ... mushure mekufa kwese, zvakabiwa uye zvakavanzika mabhuku anova nyaradzo yake chete.
Kumuka
Kana Guy atanga kuverenga muchivande, haazombofunga nenzira imwechete zvakare. Mibvunzo pamusoro penzvimbo yemafungidziro anofungidzirwa enharaunda pasi pehutongi hweNew Order anova mazhinji. Brainwashing (subliminal uye inoramba iripo paterevhizheni) haichashandi zvakakwana.
beatty
Kana Montag isipo kubasa, Beatty, director webazi remoto, anoenda kunomushanyira kumba kwake uye anomupa maawa makumi maviri nemana ekuti aongorore mabhuku akabiwa. kuitira kuti uone kana vaine chero zvemukati zvekufarira. Mushure menguva yekupedzisira, Guy anofanira kuendesa mabhuku uye kupisa iwo. Kuverenga kwacho kwakanyanya, saka Montag inonyorera rubatsiro rwemumwe wake Faber.
Kumonyoroka kusingatarisirwi
Kutaura zvazviri, Beatty anozvidza mabhuku. Iye anotenda kuti zvinyorwa zvinokuvadza uye zvinotyisa, zvakakodzera kuparadzwa. Zvichakadaro, yambiro inokonzereswa kubva kumba kwaMontag, Mildred anotiza mutekisi ... mukadzi wake amutengesa. Ipapo, mukuru wemoto anoratidza pachiitiko uye anoda kuti Guy apise imba yake nemabhuku.
Montag anosungwa panzvimbo iyi achitambira kutsiurwa kunorwadza kubva kuna Beatty, kusvika padanho rekuti Guy anotenderera murimi wemoto, anoisa mukuru wake pamoto, uye akarova vaanotamba navo vasati vatiza. Iko kushushwa kunova chiitiko cheterevhizheni. Nekudaro, Montag inokwenenzvera kunzvenga hiffer hounds nekupa mbatya dzaFaber nekuverevedza pasi rwizi.
Montag, mupoteri, nevapanduki
Montag inotiza inouya kunzira dzechitima chakasiiwa. Ikoko anowana "vanhu vebhuku", boka revapanduki vakadzidza rinotungamirwa naGranger. Ivo mhando yegandanga mudziviriri wemabhuku akatsaurirwa kune basa rekubata nemusoro mabasa makuru ehunhu.
Kutevedzera kudzikama
Iyo Nyowani Order inofanira kuramba ichioneka. Mukutsiva mushakabvu Montag, mapurisa anoratidza paterevhizheni kubatwa kwemurombo murombo uyo akange ambonyorerwa nehurongwa. Panguva iyoyo, Montag inopedza kunzwisisa hondo mumumvuri yakaburitswa pakati pesimba rakamisikidzwa nevadziviriri verusununguko rweruzivo.
Kurwiswa kwevapanduki
Pane imwe nguva yakabatanidzwa muboka, Guy anotumirwa kubata mumusoro Bhuku raMuparidzi. Mukuchinja kusingatarisirwi kwezviitiko, Iyo New Order inosarudza kubhomba guta nechinangwa chekuparadza vapanduki zvisinei nezviuru zvevanhu vasina mhaka vakafa. Mukupedzisira, Montag pamwe nevamwe vake vakatsvaga vakapona pakati pematongo kuti vatange kuvaka patsva budiriro.
Unyanzvi hwebasa
Mabhuku isimba, uye anotumira anofanira kuaparadza kana achida kutonga
Fahrenheit 451 inodzokera kumashure, nemaune kwazvo, kunguva dzerima dzakasangana muGirisi mushure mekuuya kwevaDorian nekuparadzwa kwezvose zvakanyorwa uye kufa kwevanyori vavo muzana ramakore regumi ku. C.; nenzira imwecheteyo, zvinoita kuti muverengi adzokere kumazuva ekupiswa kweLaibhurari yeAlexandria kuti ape nzira yezana ramakore rekutanga BC. C., kana kuzana ramakore razvino nekubiwa uye kuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuchera matongo muIraq panguva yekupinda kwa2003.
Iri bhuku rinotitungamira kune yega njodzi inogona kuitika inoreva kupera kwehunyanzvi mukufarira kudzikira kwekufunga kwakakomba. Uranda hautsvage zvinopfuura izvo: kunyaradza moyo nechisimba.
Migumisiro yeTV mushure meHondo Yenyika II
Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, kuvakwazve kwenyika dzakasimukira kwakaunza nekuwedzera kwevaraidzo yeterevhizheni. Asi vanhu vashoma vakatora zvakakomba yambiro yevakadzidza vazhinji nezve kudzikira kwekuverenga kukuvadza terevhizheni. Mukuwedzera, chigadzirwa chacho chakabva chava chishandiso chine simba chekuparadzira zvematongerwo enyika.
Nepo mwero wekuverenga nekunyora unowanzove wakanyanya kukwirira pasirese nyika uye nyika dzichiri kusimukira, Kubuda kwe "bhokisi rakapusa" sechinhu chakakosha chemumba kwaikonzera kuenderera mberi kwe "vanoshanda vasingagoni kuverenga." Ndokunge, zvakabva pakuva nevanhu vanofunga kuenda kune vanhu vasina nzwisiso yekuverenga, vasingakwanise kuongorora kwakadzama kwenzvimbo yavo, zviri nyore kushandisa uye kutonga.
Quote naRay Bradbury.
Chingwa uye Circus
Mazano e "chingwa uye sekasi" angaite senge Humambo hweRoma, asi haana kumbonyangarika paPasi. Pakati pehafu yepiri yezana ramakumi maviri, vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika kutenderera pasirese vakashandisa terevhizheni zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kudzikisira maonero evagari, kufarira mvumo yepamutemo uye kuzvipfuudza ivo musimba. Yakakonzera kusaziva uye conformist naivety ndiwo marongero ezuva.
Iyo yakajeka kuratidzwa pa Fahrenheit 451 ine hunhu husingaperi: ruzivo isimba. Kana panguva yekunyora bhuku iri, chimwe chezvinhu zvinokurudzira kwaive kutaridzika kweterevhizheni seyakakosha midziyo yemumba, angave mafungiro api emunyori mune azvino digitized mamiriro azere chokwadi chinoratidza, nhau dzakaipa, mapenzi mavhidhiyo anoenda hutachiona uye zvisirizvo pane vezvenhau?