Mbiri ya Miguel Delibes

Miguel Ziphuphu anali wolemba wodziwika ku Spain yemwe adabadwa mu 1920 mtawuni ya Castilian ya Valladolid. Ataphunzitsidwa bwino komanso atakhala ndi ntchito ziwiri monga Law and Commerce, a Delibes adakhala ndi maudindo atolankhani, kukhala director wa nyuzipepala ya El Norte de Castilla komwe adayamba kufalitsa.

Delibes anali munthu yemwe zokonda zake zinali zodziwika bwino kwa onse ndipo ndi zomwe timapeza kusaka ndi mpira. Kusaka kumapezeka m'mabuku ake ambiri, ndikuwonetsa ntchito yayikulu "The Innocent Saints", yomwe pambuyo pake idatengedwa kupita ku sinema ndikuchita bwino ndi Paco Rabal ngati Azarías ndipo mpira udakhala mutu wazolemba zosiyanasiyana mu wolemba adalemba mawonekedwe azomverera kuti masewera okongola adamusiya.

Kusiyanaku kunali chinthu chofala kwambiri kwa a Delibes, omwe adasankhidwa kukhala membala wa Royal Academy mu 1973 ndipo alandila mphotho zosawerengeka, kuphatikiza National Literature Award, Critics Award, National Literature Award, the Kalonga wa Asturias kapena Cervantes.

Pomaliza komanso ali ndi zaka 89 Delibes adamwalira mu 2010 mu Valladolid, mzinda umene unamuwona atabadwa.

Mabuku a Miguel Delibes

Miguel Delibes anali munthu waluso kwambiri pankhani yolemba. Wolemba wodziwika kwambiri ndi mabuku, oyamba kukhala "Mthunzi wa cypress watalikitsidwa", yomwe idalandira mphotho. Komabe, ngakhale adafalitsa mabuku kuyambira 1948, chowonadi ndichakuti Adasindikizanso nkhani zingapo, mabuku oyendera ndi kusaka, zolemba, ndi zolemba. Ena amadziwika bwino kuposa ena, koma pafupifupi onse samadziwika chifukwa cha mabuku awo.

Mmodzi wa mawonekedwe a cholembera cha Miguel Delibes mosakayikira ndi luso lomwe ali nalo kuti apange otchulidwa. Izi ndizolimba komanso zowona bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa owerenga kuti azimvera chisoni kuyambira pachiyambi. Kuphatikiza apo, pokhala wolemba mosamala kwambiri, adatha kubwereza zomwe adaziwona mwa kuzipanga momwe angakondere popanda kutaya zenizeni zomwe adasokoneza ntchito zake.

Mwa mabuku odziwika bwino a wolemba omwe titha kuwunikira:

• Mthunzi wa cypress watalikitsidwa (1948, Nadal Prize 1947)

• Msewu (1950)

• Mwana wanga wopembedzedwa Sisi (1953)

• Zolemba za mlenje (1955, National Prize for Literature)

• Makoswe (1962, Mphoto Yotsutsa)

• Kalonga wachotsedwa pampando (1973)

• Oyera oyera (1981)

• Makalata achikondi ochokera kwa sexagenarian wodzipereka (1983)

• Lady of Red pa Gray Background (1991)

• Wosokeretsa (1998, National Prize for Literature)

Kuphatikiza apo, kutchulidwa kokhako kuyenera kukhala mabuku Wolemba mabuku apeza America (1956); Kusaka kwa Spain (1972); Zopatsa, mwayi ndi zovuta zina za mlenje pamchira (1979); Castilla, Castilian ndi Castilians (1979); Spain 1939-1950: Imfa ndi kuukitsidwa kwa bukuli (2004).

Mphoto

Pa nthawi yonse yomwe anali wolemba, Miguel Delibes walandila mphotho zingapo ndikudziwika mu ntchito zake, komanso kwa iye. Choyamba chomwe adampatsa chinali mu 1948 chifukwa cha buku lake "Mthunzi wa cypress ndi wokulirapo". Ndi Mphotho ya Nadal yomwe idamupangitsa kudziwika bwino ndipo mabuku ake adakopa chidwi.

Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mu 1955, adapambana Mphoto ya National Narrative, osati chifukwa cha buku chabe, koma "Zolemba za mlenje", mtundu womwe adaseweranso zaka zingapo za moyo wake.

Mphoto ya 1957 Fastenrath, yokhudzana ndi Royal Spanish Academy, yomwe adalandira chifukwa cha buku lake lina, "Kupumula ndi mphepo yakumwera."

Mphoto zitatuzi zinali zofunika kwambiri pantchito yake. Komabe, patadutsa zaka 25 pomwe adakwanitsa kupambana mphotho yatsopano, Kalonga wa Asturias de las Letras, wopatsidwa Miguel Delibes mu 1982.

Kuyambira tsiku lomwelo, mphoto ndi kuzindikira zimatsatiridwa pafupifupi kamodzi pachaka. Chifukwa chake, adapeza Doctor honoris causa ku University of Valladolid ku 1983; mu 1985 adatchedwa Knight wa Order of Arts and Letters ku France; Anali Mwana Wokondedwa ku Valladolid mu 1986 ndi Doctor honoris causa ndi Complutense University of Madrid (mu 1987), University of Sarre (mu 1990), University of Alcalá de Henares (mu 1996), ndi University of Salamanca (mu 2008); komanso mwana wololedwa wa Molledo, ku Cantabria, mu 2009.

Pankhani ya mphotho, ena ndiwodziwika, monga City of Barcelona Award (ya buku lake, Wood of a Hero); Mphoto Yadziko Lonse Yaku Spain Makalata (1991); Mphoto ya Miguel de Cervantes (1993); Mphoto ya National Narrative ya El hereje (1999; kapena Vocento Prize for Human Values ​​(2006).

Kusintha kwamabuku a Delibes pa kanema komanso kanema wawayilesi

Chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwa mabuku a Miguel Delibes, ambiri adayamba kuwawona kuti awasinthire kanema ndi kanema wawayilesi.

Kusintha koyamba kwa imodzi mwa ntchito zake kunali kwa kanema, ndi buku lake El camino (lolembedwa mu 1950) ndipo adasinthidwa kukhala kanema mu 1963. Ndi ntchito yokhayo yomwe yasinthidwanso, zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mu 1978, mu mndandanda wawayilesi yakanema wopangidwa ndi mitu isanu.

Kuyambira mu 1976, Ntchito za Delibes zidakhala malo owonetsera kusintha kwa makanema, kukhala wokhoza kuwona mabukuwo m'chifanizo chenicheni Mwana wanga wopembedzedwa Sisi, yomwe idatchulidwa mufilimuyi Family Portrait; Kalonga wochotsedwayo, ndi nkhondo ya Adadi; kapena imodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri, Oyera osalakwa, komwe Alfredo Landa mwiniwake ndi Francisco Rabal adapambana mphotho ya magwiridwe antchito apamwamba ku Cannes.

Ntchito yomaliza yomaliza inali Zolemba za wopuma pantchito mufilimuyi A Perfect Couple (1997) ndi Antonio Resines, Mabel Lozano ...

Zokopa za Miguel Delibes

Chimodzi mwazinthu zodabwitsa za Miguel Delibes zomwe mungayendere mukadutsa ku Valladolid ndikuti, mnyumba momwe adabadwira, mumsewu wa Recoletos, womwe ulipobe, pali chikwangwani chokhala ndi mawu ochokera kwa wolemba akuti: "Ndili ngati mtengo womwe umamera pomwe umabzalidwa", zomwe zimamasuliridwa kuti zilibe kanthu komwe anali padziko lapansi, adakwanitsa kusintha ndikukula ndi luso lake.

Ntchito yake yaluso idayamba kupanga zojambula, osalemba. Zojambula zoyamba ndizochokera mu nyuzipepala "El Norte de Castilla", ntchito yomwe adapeza chifukwa chophunzira ku School of Arts and Crafts. Komabe, panthawiyo nyuzipepalayi inali yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo manja onse ankagwiritsidwa ntchito zina. Chifukwa chake, atangowonetsa kale zolemba zomwe anali nazo ndikuyamba kulemba momwemo. Mpaka kuti, patapita kanthawi, anali wamkulu wa nyuzipepalayi, ngakhale amayenera kusiya ntchito nthawi ya Franco chifukwa chakumukakamiza.

M'malo mwake, ngakhale adasiya utolankhani chifukwa cholemba, nthawi ya Franco itatha, nyuzipepala "El País" idamupatsa kuti akhale director ndipo adamuyesa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zoyipa kwambiri: malo osakira achinsinsi pafupi ndi Madrid. Delibes adamukana chifukwa sanafune kuchoka ku Valladolid yake.

China chake chodabwitsa ndi momwe adayambirira kulemba mabuku. Ambiri amadziwa kuti muse wake weniweni anali mkazi wake, Ángeles de Castro. Zomwe mwina sizinagwirizane kwambiri ndikuti, zaka zoyambirira za wolemba, anali ndi avareji ya buku limodzi pachaka. Komanso khalani ndi mwana pachaka.

Chimodzi mwamawu ofunikira kwambiri a wolemba ndi, mosakaika: "Anthu opanda mabuku ndi anthu osalankhula."

Miguel Delibes adakwatirana ndi mkazi wake mu 1946. Komabe, adamwalira mu 1974, kusiya wolemba adakumana ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lidapangitsa kuti mabuku ake azikhala ochepa pakapita nthawi. Ziphuphu nthawi zonse zimawonedwa ngati a wosungunuka, wokhumudwa, wokwiya ... ndipo zina mwazoseketsa zinali chifukwa chotayika chikondi chake chachikulu komanso malo ake owonetsera zakale.