Maria Zaragoza. Kufunsana ndi wolemba The Library of Fire

Maria Zaragoza anabadwira ku Campo de Criptana ndipo ndi wolemba komanso wolemba pazithunzi. Wasindikiza kale mitu khumi ndi iwiri kuphatikiza mabuku, nthabwala ndi mabuku ankhani ndipo wapambana mphoto za Ateneo Joven de Sevilla ndi Ateneo de Valladolid. Wotsiriza wakhala Azorín Novel Award pa ntchito yake laibulale ya moto. Ndikukuthokozani kwambiri chifukwa cha chidwi chanu, chifundo chanu komanso nthawi yondipatsa izi kuyankhulana kumene amatiuza za iye ndi mitu yambiri.

Maria Zaragoza - Mafunso

• LITERATURE CURRENT: Ntchito yanu yaposachedwa ili ndi mutu laibulale ya moto yomwe yakhala Mphotho ya Novel ya Azorín. Mukutiuza chiyani za nkhaniyi ndipo ganizoli linachokera kuti?

MARIA ZARAGOZA:laibulale ya moto ndi ulemu kwa anthu onse omwe amamvetsetsa kuti kuteteza chikhalidwe, makamaka mabuku, ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zonse amakhala pachiwopsezo chifukwa chowunika, mantha kapena umbuli. Ndikunena nkhani ya iwo oyang'anira mabuku zomwe zidapangitsa malaibulale kukhala amakono mzaka za m'ma 30 ku Spain ndi kuti pambuyo pake anayenera kupulumutsa cholowa bibliographic kupulumutsa chuma pa Civil nkhondo, nthawi zina kuchita juggling weniweni.

Ndi Buku laulendoNdipotu, ulendo wa tina vallejo, amene cholinga chake ndi kuteteza chidziwitso chomwe chili m’mabuku, ndipo samakayikira mmene chingakhalire chovuta. Nthawi zonse ndinkafuna kupanga nkhani anthu odzipereka kupulumutsa mabuku kuchokera ku censorship, ndipo anali atapanganso gulu lachinsinsi, Invisible Library, kaamba ka chifuno chimenecho. Koma nkhaniyo ndinalibe nayo mpaka pamene ndinadziŵa kuti Tsiku la Mabuku mu 1939 linali kukondwerera ku Madrid ndi kuwotcha makope m’bwalo la Central University. 

• AL: Kodi mungabwerere ku buku loyambirira lomwe mwawerenga? Ndipo nkhani yoyamba yomwe mudalemba?

MZ: Sindikukumbukira buku loyamba lomwe ndinatha kuliwerenga ndekha, koma ndikukumbukira buku langa loyamba, imene ndinali nayo kalekale ndisanaphunzire kuŵerenga: makatoni onena za mnyamata akusamba. Nkhani zoyamba zomwe ndidalemba, pazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, zidayamba ngati mitundu ya nthano kuti amadziwa kale kapena zatsopano za anthu ake. Mwinamwake nkhani yoyamba yoyambirira, ngati pali chinthu choterocho, inali nkhani nyundo ziwiri zomwe zinali kumenyana.

• AL: Wolemba mutu? Mutha kusankha zingapo kuposa nthawi zonse.

MZ: Ndimadana ndi funsoli chifukwa ndine wokonda kwambiri kusankha: Nabokov, Margaret wankhanza, Gunter Grass, Victor Hugo, Christina Fernandez Cubas, Julayi Cortazar, Michael Ende, Ana Maria Chigwirizano, Elia Barceló, Homer ndi Euripides!, ndikudziwa chiyani. 

• AL: Ndi khalidwe liti m'buku lomwe mungakonde kukumana nalo ndikupanga?

MZ: Sichili pafupi ndi chinthu chomwecho, chifukwa ndimakonda anthu omwe sindingafune kukumana nawo m'moyo weniweni. Pamlingo wopanga zinthu, ndimapeza munthu wokhala ndi makhalidwe okayikitsa kukhala wosangalatsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo ndimasangalatsidwa Humbert Humbert, ndi Lolita, ndipo iyeyo ndi wogona simudzafuna kumugwira ndi ndodo. Ndikanakonda kukhala wokhoza kupanga munthu ngati Oscar Matzerath de Ng'oma ya malata, koma sizinavomerezedwe kwambiri kukumana naye. Mwina ndikadakonda kukumana ndi cronopio zenizeni, ngakhale mwina ndikudziwa kuposa m'modzi, ndani akudziwa. 

• AL: Pali zizolowezi kapena zizolowezi zina zapadera pakulemba kapena kuwerenga?

MZ: Ndimakonda. werengani chotsamira kapena chogona, ngakhale ndingathe kuchita ngati kukhudza. Ndimadana ndi kuwerenga pazida chifukwa ndimatopa kwambiri, ngakhale nthawi zina palibenso chochita. Ndimakonda pepala. M'malo mwake ndimawerengera ntchito yanga papepala kamodzi nthawi iliyonse.  

• AL: Ndi malo omwe mumakonda komanso nthawi yochitira?

MZ: Ndikuika maganizo bwino ikatha thwelofu m'mawa ndi ku sikisi madzulo. Awa ndi mfundo zanga ziwiri zapamwamba kwambiri ndipo zinthu zimayenda bwino, ngakhale kumvetsetsa kwanga kowerenga ndikokulirapo. Ndilibe masamba omwe ndimakonda. 

• AL: Kodi pali mitundu ina yomwe mumakonda?

MZ: Sindikumvetsa kuti ukutanthauza chiyani pamenepa. Ndikuganiza kuti mitundu yomwe ndimakonda imaganiziridwa zosatheka. Ndimaziwerenga ndikuziyeserera.  

• AL: Mukuwerenga chiyani tsopano? Ndi kulemba?

MZ: Nthawi zonse ndimalemba zinthu zingapo nthawi imodzi, kotero pakali pano ndikugwira ntchito yolemba, ndikuchita ndondomeko ya buku langa lotsatira ndikulemba nkhani nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndikuwerenga singano za usiku, by Fernando Repiso, wo- yonthunthumilitsandi buku la nkhani Zolembakuchokera ku Albacete Ana Martinez Castillo. 

• AL: Mukuganiza kuti malo osindikizira ali bwanji?

MZ: Inenso sindikudziwa bwino lomwe mukulozera funsolo. Monga wowerenga, zomwe sindiri wolemba mwina, ndimapeza kuti ndizosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa. Ndikuganiza kuti aliyense atha kupeza buku lomwe amakonda popanda khama lochepa, ndipo ndilosangalatsa kuwerenga. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yosakhala yeniyeni, yomwe, monga ndanenera kale, ndimakonda kwambiri, ikukumana ndi mphindi yabwino kwambiri, yokhala ndi olemba ambiri abwino komanso osindikiza apadera odziyimira pawokha. 

• AL: Kodi nthawi yamavuto yomwe tikukumana nayo ndi yovuta kwa inu kapena mudzatha kusunga nkhani zabwino zamtsogolo?

MZ: Ndinali ndi nthawi yoipa kwambiri m'masabata oyambirira a m'ndende, moona mtima. Ndikuganiza kuti panthawi imeneyo ndinakumana ndi vuto loti zomwe zabwera pambuyo pake sizinatheke kufaniziridwa. Ine ndikuganiza izo sitidziwa chomwe chidzatikhudze komanso mpaka pamlingo wotani. Ndipo popeza sindikudziwa, sindidzapanga zomwe zitha kulimbikitsa china chake m'tsogolomu. Nthawi zambiri, ndikulemba komwe ndimazindikira kuti ndi zochitika ziti zomwe sindinazipatse kufunikira kokhala ndi gawo lofunikira kuti liyambitse kudzoza. Sindinathe kuyembekezera zomwe zidzachitike ndi zomwe zakhala zikuchitika zaka ziwiri zapitazi.