Xavier Lawrence. Mafunso ndi wolemba The Green Knight

Xavier Lawrence anabadwira ku Madrid mu 1960 ndipo adaphunzira utolankhani. Iye wagwira ntchito zingapo zosindikizira ndi wailesi wailesi, monga Cadena Ser kapena El Mundo. Ntchito yake monga wolemba inayamba ndi msilikali wotsiriza, dzina limene linamubweretsera chipambano chachikulu. Pambuyo pake adasindikizanso zotsatira zake Oyang'anira taboo, kenako anatsatira Bug bug, yomwe inayambika pa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni ya ku Spain. Buku lake laposachedwa ndi Msilikali wobiriwira. Mu ichi kuyankhulana Amatiuza za iye komanso mitu yambiri. Ndimayamikira kwambiri nthawi komanso kukoma mtima komwe mwandipatsa.

Javier Lorenzo - Mafunso

• ZOKHALA TSOPANO: Buku lanu lomaliza lofalitsidwa ndi Msilikali wobiriwira. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chinakulimbikitsani kwambiri za Sancho Martín, munthu wa mbiri yakale yemwe adachokera?

JAVIER LORENZO: Kupatulapo pulumutsani wotayika wina ku mbiri yathu yopanda malire komanso yosangalatsa, chenicheni—chosadziŵika kwa ine panthaŵiyo—kuti panali Aspanya ambiri amene anapita kunkhondo m’Dziko Lopatulika. Kufikira pamene apapa angapo anawaletsa kutengamo mbali m’Nkhondo Zamtanda, popeza kuti chiitanocho chinali champhamvu kwambiri kotero kuti chinawopseza kutha kwa maiko awo ndipo, chotero, ndi kutha kwa nkhondo yathu yamtanda, imene inkatchedwa. Reconquista. Kumbali ina, kuti wathu munthu -chifukwa angatchulidwe kuti- adabwera kudzakumana ndi sultani Saladin pa pempho lake zinawoneka kwa ine mwatsatanetsatane wodabwitsa komanso wodzaza ndi tanthauzo. Zoonadi, zoyenera kukhala zopeka.  

• AL: Kodi mukukumbukira zomwe mwawerenga koyamba? Ndipo nkhani yoyamba yomwe mudalemba?

JL: Ndili mwana ndinkawerenganso malangizo a pobowola. Ndikukumbukira kuti ku Primary ndinawapempha amayi kuti andipatse chopereka chonse cha Asanu, ndi Enyd Blyton. Ngati adawadutsa onse mu June, ndithudi. Kuphatikiza apo, Bruguera yonse idadutsa m'manja mwanga ndipo ndidakumana Salgari, Stevenson, Zane Gray ndipo, ndithudi, ndi Jules Verne. The Adventures of Captain Hatteras kapena The mysterious Island -Kupatulapo zolemba zake zina zodziwika bwino kwambiri, maso anga anjala komanso otopa. Mwezi, mitengo, Maelstrom…Icho chinali chisangalalo.

Ndipo chinthu choyamba chimene ndinalemba chinali a ndakatulo, ndithudi. Kwa amayi anga, ine ndikuganiza. Sindidzadumpha mawuwa panthawiyi. Mwanjira ina iliyonse, Nthawi zonse ndinkapambana pampikisano wamakalata kuchokera mkalasi mwanga, ndiye ndidabwera pamwamba ndipo ndili pano.

• AL: Wolemba mutu? Mutha kusankha zingapo kuposa nthawi zonse. 

JL: Mwanjira yawoyawo, ndikuganiza kuti atatuwa ndi ofanana, ngakhale ndi osiyana kwambiri: Sungani, Kafka y Kutsogolo. Onse atatu ali ndi mawu osavuta, osavuta mwachinyengo. Monga momwe Hemingway adanena pamene adamuuza za Faulkner: "Ndimadziwa mawu onse oipa omwe amalemba, koma sindimawagwiritsa ntchito chifukwa sindikufuna." Zaka mazana ambiri zidzadutsa ndipo chinenero chake chidzapitirira kukhala chamakono, chogwira mtima komanso chokopa. Ponena za anthu a ku Spain, Cela ndi Ziphuphu, ngakhale modabwitsa buku lokhalo la mbiri yakale la Valladolid wamkulu -Wopanduka- anandisiya ozizira. 

• AL: Ndi khalidwe liti m'buku lomwe mungakonde kukumana nalo ndikupanga? 

JL: Ndikukaika ndikadakonda kukumana naye: Pedro Paramo.

• AL: Pali zizolowezi kapena zizolowezi zina zapadera pakulemba kapena kuwerenga? 

JL: Sindinasankhe, koma ndikufunika chete ndi, kulemba, malire am'mbuyo a kusungulumwa.

• AL: Ndi malo omwe mumakonda komanso nthawi yochitira? 

JL: Nthawi zambiri ndimalemba za usikuKoma ndikanasintha zimenezo kalekale. Pali mnyamata yemwe amaumirira kuti apite kusukulu.

• AL: Kodi pali mitundu ina yomwe mumakonda? 

JL: Onse amene amalemba moona mtima. Mitunduyi ndi yabodza. Pali mtundu umodzi wokha, wa mabuku abwino, ndipo chiganizo choperekedwa kwa icho chilibe kanthu: zakuda, za ana, zopeka za sayansi ... 

• AL: Mukuwerenga chiyani tsopano? Ndi kulemba?

JL: Pakali pano ndikuwona malingaliro - si mawu okhazikika, ubongo wanga ukuzungulira - ndi buku lalifupi ochokera ku Transylvanian (wochokera ku Hungary, dzina lake) Attila Bartis. Mutu wake Kuyenda. Zosaneneka, schizophrenic, zamphamvu komanso zosalekeza. Zikuwoneka kuti zalembedwa ndi mountebank woyipa komanso wamisala. Zikundiopsa!

Koma lemba, ndili ndi siteji yapamwamba ya mimba novela zomwe sizili mbiri chabe, koma zili ngati palibe chomwe ndidachitapo mpaka pano. Ndi kukhala atatulukira. Njira iliyonse ndi yodabwitsa. Ndipo sindiwonjezanso.

• AL: Mukuganiza kuti malo osindikizira ali bwanji?

JL: Ndimakhala, zomwe si zazing'ono. Iwo ali ndi mlandu chifukwa chakuti oŵerenga sali mtundu wa mpatuko wachinsinsi kwambiri ngakhalenso wausatana. Madalitso anga kwa nonse. Kuyambira wamkulu mpaka wamng'ono. Ndipo bwerani, mwayika kale, kwa iwo omwe amadzisindikiza okha mabuku, nawonso.

• AL: Kodi mphindi yamavuto yomwe tikukumana nayo ikukuvutani kapena mutha kusunga chinthu chabwino chankhani zamtsogolo?

JL: Zovuta ngati aliyense. Koma kwa ine vuto, mliri ndi nkhondo zimangochitika mwangozi. Tsiku lina, ngati mukufuna, ndidzakuuzani chifukwa chake.