Tarihin rayuwar Miguel Delibes

Miguel Delibes hoton mai sanya wuri sanannen marubuci ne dan asalin kasar Sipaniya wanda aka haifa a shekarar 1920 a garin Valladolid na Castilian. An horar dashi sosai kuma tare da aiki guda biyu a bayansa kamar Doka da Kasuwanci, Delibes ya riƙe mahimman matsayi a cikin latsa, ya zama darektan jaridar El Norte de Castilla inda ya fara bugawa.

Delibes wani mutum ne wanda kowa ya san abubuwan nishaɗinsa kuma daga cikinsu muna samun su farauta da kwallon kafa. Farautar ta bayyana a cikin litattafansa da yawa, inda suke nuna babban aikin "The Innocent Saints", wanda daga baya aka fitar da shi daban zuwa silima tare da rawar gani da Paco Rabal ya taka a matsayin Azariaas kuma ƙwallon ƙafa shi ne batun labarai daban-daban a cikin marubucin ya ba da nau'i na wallafe-wallafen don jin cewa kyawawan wasanni sun bar shi.

Bambancin wani abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare ga Delibes, wanda aka naɗa memba na Royal Academy a 1973 kuma wanda ya karɓi kyaututtuka da dama, gami da lambar adabin wallafe-wallafe ta ƙasa, da masu sukar lamiri, da lambar yabo ta adabin ƙasa, Yariman Asturias ko Masu amfani.

A ƙarshe kuma yana ɗan shekara 89 Delibes ya mutu a cikin 2010 a Valladolid, garin da ya gan shi an haife shi.

Littattafai daga Miguel Delibes

Miguel Delibes mutum ne mai fasaha lokacin da ya zo rubutu. Mafi sanannun marubucin litattafai ne, na farkonsu shine "Inuwar cypress ta daɗe", wanda ya sami lambar yabo. Koyaya, kodayake ya wallafa littattafai daga 1948, gaskiyar ita ce Ya kuma wallafa labarai da yawa, tafiye-tafiye da littattafan farauta, labarai, da labarai. Wasu sunfi wasu sanannu, amma kusan dukkansu ba a lura da su saboda littattafansu.

Daya daga cikin halaye na Miguel Delibes alkalami Babu shakka ƙwarewar da yake da ita don gina haruffa. Wadannan tabbatattu ne kuma tabbatattu abin yarda, wanda ke sa mai karatu ya tausaya musu tun farko. Kari kan haka, kasancewarsa marubuci mai lura sosai, zai iya sake kirkirar abin da ya gani ta hanyar tsara shi yadda yake so ba tare da rasa hakikanin abin da ya haifar da ayyukansa ba.

Daga cikin sanannun littattafan marubucin za mu iya haskakawa:

• Inuwar cypress ta daɗe (1948, Nadal Prize 1947)

• Hanyar (1950)

• Sonana Sisi wanda aka yi shirka da shi (1953)

• Littafin littafin mafarauci (1955, lambar yabo ta kasa don adabi)

• Berayen (1962, Kyautar Masu Zargi)

• Yarima mai jiran gado (1973)

• Tsarkaka tsarkaka (1981)

• Haruffa na soyayya daga mai son yin jima'i (1983)

• Uwargidan a cikin Ja kan Fuskar Grey (1991)

• 'Yan bidi'a (1998, Kyautar Kasa don Adabi)

Bugu da kari, ambaton daban ya kamata ya zama littattafai Wani marubucin labari ya gano Amurka (1956); Farautar Spain (1972); Kasada, sa'a da kuma ɓarna na mafarauci a wutsiya (1979); Castilla, da Castilian da Cast Castlan (1979); Spain 1939-1950: Mutuwa da tashin littafin (2004).

Awards

Duk lokacin aikin sa a matsayin marubuci, Miguel Delibes ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa a cikin ayyukansa, kazalika a gare shi. Na farko da suka ba shi shi ne a 1948 don littafinsa "Inuwar cypress tana da tsayi". Kyautar Nadal ce ta sa ya zama sananne kuma littattafansa suka ja hankali.

Bayan 'yan shekaru, a cikin 1955, ya lashe lambar yabo ta Nationalasa, ba don wani labari ba, amma don "Littafin littafin mafarauci", salo wanda shima ya buga cikin shekaru da yawa na rayuwarsa.

Kyautar Fastenrath ta 1957, wanda ke da alaƙa da Royal Spanish Academy, ya karɓi wani littafinsa, "Naps tare da iskar kudu."

Wadannan kyaututtuka uku suna da matukar mahimmanci ga aikin sa. Koyaya, har sai bayan shekaru 25 ya sami nasarar lashe sabon kyauta, Yariman Asturias de las Letras, wanda aka ba Miguel Delibes a 1982.

Daga wannan ranar, da kyaututtuka da bayanan yabo ana bin su kusan ɗaya a shekara. Don haka, ya sami Doctor girmamawa causa daga Jami'ar Valladolid a 1983; a shekarar 1985 an sanya masa suna Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters in France; Ya kasance Sonan da aka fi so a cikin Valladolid a 1986 da Doctor girmamawa causa ta Complutense University of Madrid (a 1987), na Jami'ar Sarre (a 1990), na Jami'ar Alcalá de Henares (a 1996), da na Jami'ar Salamanca (a cikin 2008); kazalika da ɗa ɗa na Molledo, a Cantabria, a cikin 2009.

Dangane da bayar da kyaututtuka, wasu abin lura ne, kamar Kyautar City of Barcelona (saboda littafinsa, Itace na Jarumi); Kyautar Kasa ta Haruffa Mutanen Espanya (1991); kyautar Miguel de Cervantes (1993); Kyautar Ba da Labari na Kasa ga El hereje (1999; ko Vocento Prize na Humanan Adam (2006).

Karɓar littattafan Delibes don fim da talabijin

Godiya ga nasarar littattafan Miguel Delibes, da yawa sun fara dubansu don daidaita su da fim da talabijin.

Farkon karbuwa daya daga cikin ayyukansa shine don sinima, tare da littafinsa mai suna El camino (wanda aka rubuta a shekarar 1950) kuma ya shiga fim a shekarar 1963. Shine kawai aikin da aka kuma daidaita shi, yan shekaru kadan, a 1978, a cikin jerin talabijin hada da surori biyar.

An fara a 1976, Ayyukan Delibes sun zama gidan kayan gargajiya don sauya fim, samun damar ganin littattafan a cikin hoto na ainihi Idana Sisi mai tsafi, wanda aka sanya masa suna a fim din Hoton Iyali; Yarima mai jiran gado, tare da yakin Daddy; ko ɗayan manyan abubuwansa, Tsarkaka tsarkaka, wanda Alfredo Landa da kansa da Francisco Rabal suka lashe kyautar don mafi kyawun maza a Cannes.

Lastarshen ayyukan da aka daidaita shine Diary na mai ritaya a cikin fim din 'Perfect Couple (1997)' tare da Antonio Resines, Mabel Lozano ...

Abubuwan sha'awa na Miguel Delibes

Ofaya daga cikin sha'awar Miguel Delibes da zaku iya ziyarta idan kuka bi ta hanyar Valladolid shine, a cikin gidan da aka haife shi, kan titin Recoletos, wanda har yanzu akwai, akwai alamun rubutu tare da magana daga marubucin wanda ke cewa: "Ni kamar itaciya ce da ke tsirowa inda aka dasa ta", wanda aka fassara cewa ba matsala inda yake a duniya, ya sami damar daidaitawa da haɓaka fasaharsa.

Ayyukansa na fasaha sun fara yin zane-zane, ba rubutu ba. Katun na farko sun fito ne daga jaridar "El Norte de Castilla", aikin da ya samu albarkacin karatu a Makarantar Fasaha da kere-kere. Koyaya, a wancan lokacin jaridar ta kasance ƙarama sosai kuma ana amfani da dukkan hannu don yin wasu ayyuka. Saboda haka, jim kaɗan bayan ya nuna ingancin adabin da yake da shi kuma ya fara rubutu a ciki. Har zuwa cewa, bayan wani lokaci, ya kasance darektan jaridar, kodayake dole ne ya yi murabus a zamanin Franco saboda matsin lambar da aka yi masa.

A zahiri, kodayake ya bar aikin jarida saboda matsayinsa na marubuci, da zarar zamanin Franco ya ƙare, jaridar "El País" ta ba shi ya zama darakta har ma sun jarabce shi da ɗayan manyan halayensa: filin farauta mai zaman kansa kusa da Madrid. Delibes sun ƙi shi saboda baya son motsawa daga Valladolid ɗin sa.

Wani abu mai ban mamaki shine yadda ya fara rubuta littattafai. Dayawa sun san cewa ainihin gidan tarihin shi shine matar sa, Ángeles de Castro. Abin da wataƙila ba shi da alaƙa sosai shi ne, shekarun farko na marubuci, yana da matsakaicin littafi guda a shekara. Amma kuma suna da ɗa a shekara.

Ofaya daga cikin mahimman kalmomin marubucin shine, ba tare da wata shakka ba: "Mutanen da ba su da adabi mutane ne bebe."

Miguel Delibes ya auri matarsa ​​a 1946. Duk da haka, ta mutu a 1974, ta bar marubucin ya shiga cikin babban damuwa wanda ya sa littattafansa suka fi tazara a kan lokaci. Delibes koyaushe ana ɗaukarsa a melancholic, bakin ciki, mutum mai bakin ciki ... kuma wani ɓangare na wannan abin dariya ya faru ne saboda rashin babbar ƙaunarsa da kayan tarihinsa.