Magana daga Markus Zuzak
Littafin Barawo -Littafin Mutuwa- wani matashin labari ne wanda marubuci dan kasar Australia Markus Zusak ya rubuta. An buga wannan aikin wallafe-wallafen tarihi a cikin 2005, kuma jigoginsa na tsakiya sune: Yaƙin Duniya na II, mutuwa da Nazi Jamus. A cikin 2007 an ba shi lambar yabo ta Michael L. Printz. Shekaru biyu bayan haka ya sami damar yin amfani da makonni 105 akan jerin mafi kyawun masu siyarwa na New York Times.
An yi fim ɗin da aka yi akan littafin a shekarar 2013. Brian Percival ne ya ba da umarni kuma ya rubuta tef ɗin. Ko da yake fim ɗin ya sami kyakkyawan sharhi daga masana da sauran jama'a, amma yana da wasu muhimman bambance-bambancen rubutun da shirin littafin. Daga cikin wadannan bambance-bambancen akwai bayyanar jarumar da kuma alakar da ke tsakanin wasu jaruman.
Takaitawa na Littafin Barawo
An ba da labarin wannan labarin ta fuskar mutuwa, wanda aka gabatar da shi a matsayin hali a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Hakan ya fara ne a cikin Janairu 1937, lokacin da Liesel Meminger, yarinya ’yar shekara 10, ta yi tafiya ta jirgin ƙasa tare da mahaifiyarta., Paula, Da dan uwansa karami, Werner. na uku Ya nufi Molching, wani karamin gari a wajen Munich, Jamus. Shirin ya ƙunshi tafiya tare da waɗanda za su zama iyayen riƙon yara: Hans da Rosa Hubermann.
Mutuwa, Talauci, satar littafin farko da jahilci
Duk da haka, Werner ya mutu a hanya saboda matsalolin da suka shafi talaucin iyali. A wancan lokacin ana tabo batutuwa irin su yunwa, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, rashin kula da lafiya da sanyi. Kafin ta isa inda za ta, Liesel dole ne ta halarci jana'izar ɗan'uwanta. Dusar kankara ta watan Janairu ce ta rufe makabartar, kuma a cikin wannan mahallin ne jarumar ta sace littafinta na farko. game da Littafin Gravedigger.
Matsalar wannan aikin da yarinyar ta yi shine rashin karatu. Lokacin da ya isa gidan Hubermanns, wanda ke kan titin Himmel, Liesel ya ƙi shiga ciki. A ƙarshe, Hans, uban riƙonta, shine ke kula da shawo kan ta, wanda ke haifar da tausayi tsakanin halayen biyu. Duk da haka, yarjejeniyar da aka yi da mahaifiyar renon sa ta bambanta.
Zuwan Rudy a makaranta da abota
Yarinyar ba ta da tabbacin yadda take ji game da Rosa, kuma matar da alama tana cikin mawuyacin hali. Lokacin da jarumar ta fara makaranta, ta sake fuskantar rikicin karatu, kuma ta sha wahala a sakamakon haka. A cikin sabuwar makarantarta na ilimi, yarinyar ta sadu da Rudy Steiner, wanda ya zama amininta na kusa, da kuma abokin tarayya a cikin satar abinci da littattafai.
Rushewar jahilci: hasken karatu da rubutu
Liesel sau da yawa tana mafarkin mutuwar ɗan'uwanta a cikin jirgin. Dare daya, bayan daya daga cikin wadannan abubuwan. Hans ya gano Littafin Jagoran Gravedigger boye a karkashin katifa. Ilham da aikin ‘yar renonsa, da kuma sha’awarta da maganar. sai mutumin ya yanke shawarar koya masa karatu.
Daga wadancan darussa Liesel ya koyi rubutu, Say mai ya fara rubuta wa Paula wasiƙa. Liesel's missives ga mahaifiyarta ba a taba amsa. A ƙarshe, mai karatu ya san cewa Paula ta ɓace.
Rayuwa a karkashin mulkin Nazi
Lokaci bayan, jarumin ya fahimci abin da ake nufi da zama a Jamus na Nazi idan yaga yadda ake shirya littafin kona. An tsara wannan taron ne don tunawa da ranar haihuwar Adolf Hitler, wanda ya faru a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1940. Ga jarumar, abin da ta gani yana da ban tsoro da ban sha'awa.
Yayin da kuke kallon yadda wutar ke ci. Jarumin ya saurari wani mai magana da yawun Nazi ya yi kira da a kashe Yahudawa 'yan gurguzu, wanda ke haifar da canji a cikin yarinyar. Hasken da ke fita a cikinta yana da alaƙa da mahaifinta na haihuwa, wanda kawai ta san son zuciyarsa zuwa gurguzu. A lokacin ne ina ya fahimci cewa shugaban ’yan Nazi na iya kasancewa bayan rabuwar iyalinsa.
Shiru ya zama dole don tsira
Wannan sabon tunanin, haɗe da tabbatar mata da Hans, yana sa Hitler ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi munin abokan gaba ga jarumi. Mahaifin da ya riƙonta ya bukace ta da ta ɓoye ra'ayoyinta, kuma wannan rikici ya sa Liesel ta sace littafinta na biyu, Mutumin Da Ya Kafa, wanda ya kubutar da shi daga wata gobara da ta tashi.
Sabbin abokai
Bayan Hans ya ziyarci gwauruwar wani Bayahude da ya ceci ransa, kuma ya yanke shawarar taimaka wa ɗansa, Max, wanda ya gudu daga nazi. Hubermann ya ɓoye shi a cikin gidansa, wanda ke haifar da canji mai kyau a cikin Rosa, wanda ke nuna ƙarfin hali da tausayi. Matashin ɗan gudun hijirar ya yi abota da Liesel.
A daidai, Jarumin ya ci gaba da abota da Ilsa Hermann, matar mai unguwa wanda ke ba ku ɗakin karatu don ku ji daɗin karantawa.
Canje-canje masu tsauri
Koyaya, abubuwa suna canzawa lokacin An dauki Hans aiki don ba da burodi ga Bayahude, kuma Alex Steiner, mahaifin Rudy, an tilastawa shiga soja. Ba tare da kasancewar Max da Hans ba, Dole ne Liesel ya ci gaba da Rudy da Rosa. Koyaya, bayan wasu watanni sai ya sake ganin mahaifinsa da abokinsa. ko da yake ba a cikin mafi kyawun yanayi ba.
Littafin blank: tarihin kansa da bala'i
Daga baya Liesel ya daina ziyartar ɗakin karatu na Herman, amma Ilsa ta ba shi littafi mara komai. wanda yarinyar ta fara rubuta nata labarin: Littafin Barawo. Yayin da budurwar ta rubuta a cikin ginshiki, Titin Himmel an kai harin bamda kuma duk masoyanka sun mutu.
A cikin fidda rai. jarumar ta sauke littafinta, amma Mutuwa ta kwato shi. Lokacin da ta sake zama marayu, Ilsa Hermann ta ba da shawarar cewa ta yi ɗan lokaci a gidanta. Sa'an nan Alex Steiner ya dawo kuma Liesel ya zauna tare da shi na 'yan watanni. Wasan ya ƙare lokacin da, bayan tsawon rayuwa tare da mijinta da 'ya'yanta. Mutuwa ta mayar da littafin ga Liesel a madadin ɗaukar ranta.
Game da marubucin, Markus Zusak
markus zuzak
An haifi Markus Zusak a Sydney, Australia, a cikin 1970. Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar New South Wales, kuma ya zama marubuci don adabin yara da matasa. Matashin Zusak ya girma yana sauraron labarun Nazi Jamus, da kuma tarihin iyayensa a Austria da Jamus. Marubucin ya so ya rubuta wani littafi da ya nuna yadda Yahudawa suka zalunce shi, wanda ya zaburar da shi wajen rubuta wanda ya fi sayar da shi. Littafin Barawo.
Baya ga nasa aikin laureateMarkus ya rubuta Harafi mai hayewa -Manzo(2002), wanda ya samu lambobin yabo da dama, kamar Littattafan Mafi kyawun Mako-mako na Mawallafa na Yara-Yara (2003) ko Michael L. Printz Award Honor book (2006). Sauran ƙananan sanannun ayyukan Markus Zusak sune Doarfin ƙarƙashin ƙasa (1999) y Gadar Clay (2018).