Marubutan Jamhuriyar Sifen

Hoy Afrilu 14, a lokacin tunawa da II Jamhuriya, muna so mu yi aiki na musamman tare da wadanda manyan marubutan Jamhuriyar Sifen. Tabbas duk waɗannan sunayen da za mu gani na gaba, yawancinsu, mawaƙa. Abinda yake tabbatacce kuma cewa da zarar ka karanta sunayensu zaka gano su daidai a lokacin.

Mafi shahararrun sune Pedro Salinas, Rafael Alberti, Luis Cernuda, Jorge Guillén, Federico García Lorca, ... Amma akwai wasu da yawa, waɗanda ba a san su sosai ba, waɗanda suma suna da tarihinsu a wannan ƙaramin lokacin amma mai tsanani, kuma suma sun sha wahala sakamakon kasancewa 'yan Republican a wannan lokacin. Mu tafi daya bayan daya!

Rafael Alberti Merello

Rafael Alberti Merello Mawakin Cádiz An haife shi a ƙarshen 1902, ya kasance mai zanan zane a farkon, a zahiri, ya koma Madrid don ya sadaukar da kansa jiki da ruhu ga zane, har sai da ya fahimci cewa abin da ya ke da gaske shi ne waka.

Game da siyasar wancan lokacin, Alberti ya shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Spain a cikin 1931, wanda ya jagoranci shi zuwa kasashe daban-daban kamar USSR, Faransa ko Jamus da yin abota da yawa ko ƙasa da yanayin siyasarsa, kuma shekara guda kafin fara yakin basasa ya shiga rayayye tare da kamfen ɗin siyasa na Popular Front. Da zarar yaƙin ya fara, ba ya daga cikin marubutan da suka ja da baya, akasin haka, a wancan lokacin yana cikin Ibiza kuma ya yi duk abin da zai yiwu don ƙaura zuwa Madrid kuma ya ba da haɗin kai ga Gwamnatin Republican, a ƙarshe ya shiga tare da Runduna ta 5. . Daga wannan kwarewar ya zana babban ɓangare na littattafansa: "Jakin da ke fashewa", "Babban ruwa", "Tsakanin kurkuku da takobi", Da dai sauransu

Ya kasance memba na Allianceungiyar Hadin Kai ta Antifascist tare da sauran marubuta kamar su María Zambrano, Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Rosa Chacel, Miguel Hernández, José Bergamín, Luis Cernuda ko Luis Buñuel a tsakanin wasu (za mu yi magana game da wasu waɗannan daga baya).

Da zarar an kayar da Jamhuriyar, Alberti ya zaɓi ƙaura tare da matarsa ​​María Teresa León, suna rayuwa bayan shekaru a wurare kamar Marseille, Buenos Aires ko Rome.

Kuma mafi shiga cikin wallafe-wallafen, wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukansa Su ne:

• "Sailor ashore" (1925).
• "Game da mala'iku" (1929).
• "Taken taken" (1933).
• "Ayoyin tashin hankali" (1935).
• "Coplas na Juan Panadero" (1949).
• "Buenos Aires cikin tawada ta Sin" (1952).
• "Sannu a hankali don mutuwar Stalin" (1953).
• «Rome, hadari ga masu tafiya» (1968).
• "Ayoyin mutum na kowace rana" (1982).
• "Hatsari. Wakokin asibiti » (1987).
• "Waƙoƙin Altair" (1989).
• "Mawakin Spain Rafael Alberti ya sake karanta baitocin Federico García Lorca" (1961).

Ya kasance daga cikin sanannun ƙungiyoyin adabi kamar Zamani na 27 kuma ya karɓi Kyautar Miguel de Cervantes a 1983.

Federico Garcia Lorca

A cikin wannan shafin yanar gizon Actualidad Literatura Zan sadaukar da labarin kusan biyu ko uku ga wannan babban mawaki daga Granada kuma kaɗan ko ba komai ya rage a gare ni in faɗi game da shi wanda ba a san shi ba. Shi kawai ya kasance wanda aka zalunta da wani yanayin siyasa daban da shugabannin wancan lokacin. Idan kuna son karanta game da wannan babban marubucin wanda aka yi masa kisan gilla, ga jerin abubuwan da aka keɓe masa:

• Sabbin bincike game da kisan Federico García Lorca.
• Mawakan Andalusiya V: Federico García Lorca.
• Shekaru 78 na kisan Federico García Lorca.
• Takaddun 'yan sanda sun tabbatar da kisan Lorca da ɗan luwadi.

Antonio Buero Vallejo mai sanya hoto

Antonio Buero Vallejo shi ma ya kasance marubuci a lokacin Jamhuriya ta Biyu, musamman marubucin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma mawaƙi. An haifeshi a Guadalajara kuma, kamar yadda yake tare da Alberti, ya bar zane don sadaukar da kansa ga rubutu. Adabin nasa ya kasance 'Symbolism' motsi, wanda ɗayan manyan malamai shine Edgar Allan Poe.

Wannan shi ne shigarsa cikin yakin basasar Spain (ya kasance memba na FUE) cewa a ƙarshen wannan an yanke masa hukuncin kisa. Daga karshe an tura Buero Vallejo zuwa Madrid, bayan ya wuce gidajen yari da dama. A wannan lokacin ya yi amfani da shi sosai don rubuta wasu ayyukan adabi da zana hotuna da hotuna, daga cikinsu, ɗayansu Miguel Hernandez (babban aboki) wanda har yanzu yana da magada.

Nasa sanannun ayyuka Su ne: "A cikin duhu mai zafi" (game da makanta) e «Tarihin matakala».

Nasa rarrabewa y wuri Su ne:

• Lambar Zinare don Kyauta a Kyakkyawan Fasaha.
• Lambar Lope de Vega (1948).
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa (1980).
• Kyautar Miguel de Cervantes (1986).
• Kyautar Kasa don Haruffa Mutanen Espanya (1996).

Luis Cernuda

Wannan mawaƙin Sevillian na Zamani na 27, tare da Federico García Lorca da Rafael Alberti, da sauransu, suma an kirkiresu wani ɓangare na ɓangaren jamhuriya a lokacin yakin basasar Spain. Ya halarci furofaganda da yawa da ayyukan siyasa don goyon bayan Jamhuriyar, kuma a ƙarshen yaƙin dole ne ya tafi gudun hijira zuwa ƙasashe irin su Burtaniya, Amurka ko Mexico (inda ya mutu). A cikin wadannan kasashen ne ya sadaukar da lokacinsa a matsayin farfesa a fannin adabi da sukar adabi.

Abubuwan da aka fi maimaitawa a cikin ayyukan Luis Cernuda sune:

1. La lalata da kuma warewa.
2. El jin kasancewa daban game da sauran mutane.
3. La bukatar neman ingantacciyar duniya kyauta daga danniya.
4. El soyayya a cikin bambance-bambancen karatu daban-daban: soyayya mara dadi, soyayya mara dadi, dss.
5. Burin da matasa na har abada da shigewar lokaci.
6. La yanayi.

Ya rubuta wa Federico García Lorca wasiƙa mai daɗin gaske, lokacin da ya sami labarin mutuwarsa, mai taken "Zuwa ga mawakin da ya mutu."

Rose Chacel

Abin takaici, marubuci kaɗan ne sananne kuma yayi karatun littattafan adabi na makarantu da cibiyoyi. Rosa Chacel marubuci ne Valladolid wanda aka haifa a 1898, musamman na Zamanin 27.

A lokacin kafin yakin basasar Spain, Chacel ya yi aiki tare da bangaren hagu ta hanyar yin zanga-zanga da kira a lokaci guda da ya keɓe kansa ga aikinsa, mai jinya.

Ayyukansa sanannu dangane da Nuwamba Su ne:

• "Tashar. Tafiya da dawowa" (1930).
• "Teresa" (1941).
• "Tunawa da Leticia Valle" (1945).
• "Rashin hankali" (1960).
• "Barrio de Maravillas" (1976).
• "Novels Kafin Lokaci" (1971).
• "Acropolis" (1984).
• "Kimiyyar Kimiyya" (1988).

Ya kuma rubuta gajerun labarai, labarai, fassara, da wakoki. Ya kamata a lura da wannan nau'in na ƙarshe, "A bakin rijiya", waka mai sadaukarwa ga mahaifiyarsa da tare da gabatarwa daga wani babban adabin: Juan Ramon Jimenez.

Pedro Salina

An haife shi a 1891 a Madrid, ya sadaukar da kansa don nazarin Doka da Falsafa da Haruffa. Kamar yadda gaskiyar abin shine shine yana da Luis Cernuda a matsayin dalibi a Jami'ar Seville inda yayi motsa jiki da zarar ya sami kujerar.

Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin marubutan da aka yi ƙaura daga ƙasarmu da zarar Yaƙin ya ƙare kuma matakinsa na uku na ƙirƙirar adabi ya dace daidai da wannan ƙaura. Wannan shine lokacin da yake wallafa ayyukan "Wanda yayi tunani" (1946), sadaukar da kai ga tekun Puerto Rico, "Komai karara suke" (1949) y "Amincewa".

Ofaya daga cikin mahimmancin adabin waƙar Salinas shine tattaunawar da ya kafa a cikin ayoyinsa tare da kansa, tare da duniya gaba ɗaya, tare da ƙaunataccensa, da ƙasarsa ko kuma tare da teku. Abu ne da ya banbanta shi da mutane da yawa. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙan da idan ya yi maganar soyayya a cikin baitukansa ya yi hakan ne ta hanyar da ba ta dace da soyayya ba, ba tare da duk wata damuwa ba, tana wasa mai yawa da baƙon abu.

Daga karshe Pedro Salinas ya mutu a 1951 a cikin garin Boston.

Wasu karin marubuta

Kuma akwai wasu da yawa da aka yi la'akari da su marubutan Jamhuriyar Sifen, amma zai ba mu labarai biyu ko uku kamar wannan. Tsaya waje Miguel Hernandez, Jorge Guillen, Damaso Alonso, Vicente Aleixandre, Emilio Prado, Miguel Delibes (wanda har yanzu saurayin yaƙin ya kama shi), da sauransu.

Abin da ya sa zan so in hada muku bidiyo wanda ke magana game da wannan lokacin, musamman game da marubutan Zamani na 27 waɗanda watakila su ne waɗanda suka fi zargi sakamakon Yakin Basasa na Spain.

Muddin ƙwaƙwalwar ta wanzu, sunayen waɗannan marubutan ba za su ɓace ba.