Mahaifiyar Frankenstein

Mahaifiyar Frankenstein

Mahaifiyar Frankenstein labari ne na tarihi daga Almudena Grandes kuma shine kashi na biyar cikin jerin Labaran Yaƙin lessarshe. Wannan taken yana gabatar da labarin da aka saita a bayan yakin Spain. Hakanan, taken littafin yana nuna wani ɓangare na illar tabin hankali da yaƙin basasa da mulkin Franco suka haifar.

Don wannan, marubucin ya gabatar da ɗaruruwan haruffa - wasu ƙage ne, wasu na gaske - a tsakiyar yanayin tarihin wancan lokacin. A can, wani shiri ya bayyana a cikin shekarun da suka gabata na rayuwar Aurora Rodríguez Carballeira, wanda ya bayyana a tsare a cikin mafaka. Bugu da kari, littafin ya fallasa amintattun abubuwan da wannan mata ‘yar asalin Sifen din da ta shahara a cikin shekarun 30 saboda kisan‘ yarta.

Mahaifiyar Frankenstein

Yanayin aikin

Grandes sun sadu da labarin Aurora Rodríguez Carballeira bayan karantawa Rubutun da aka samo a Ciempozuelos (1989), daga Guillermo Rendueles. Sha'awar wannan halin, da Marubucin Madrid ci gaba da bincike domin yin bayanai dalla-dalla game da lamarin. A saboda wannan dalili, a duk cikin makircin an gabatar da abubuwa na ainihi da yawa, wanda ya ba labarin babban tasiri.

Ci gaban ya sanya mai karatu a cikin Ciempozuelos Mafaka (kusa da Madrid), a lokacin 1950s. Rubutun ya shafi shafuka 560 da aka loda da tarihin da ke bayanin rikice-rikicen da aka samu daga rikice-rikice masu yawa na makamai. Ta wannan hanyar, makirci ya bayyana kusan haruffa 3: Aurora, María da Jamusanci, waɗanda suka maye gurbin mutum na farko a cikin labarin.

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Synopsis

Tsarin farko

A 1954, likitan tabin hankali Bajamushe Velásquez ya koma Spain don aiki a mafakar mata a Ciempozuelos, bayan sun zauna shekaru 15 a Switzerland. Saboda aikace-aikacen sabon magani tare da chlorpromazine - kwayar cutar neuroleptic da ake amfani da ita don rage tasirin cutar schizophrenia - ana kushe ta sosai a cikin cibiyar mahaukata. Koyaya, sakamakon zai bawa kowa mamaki.

Jamus ba da daɗewa ba ya gano cewa ɗayan majiyyatan sa shine Aurora Rodríguez Carballeira, mace mai kirkirar son sani tun yarinta. Tun yana yaro, ya tuna jin furucin da ta yiwa mahaifinta - Dr. Velásquez - game da kisan 'yarsa. Don haka, likitan mahaukatan ya shigar da karar don neman mafi kyawun magani kuma yayi kokarin inganta kwanakinsa na karshe.

Mai haƙuri

Aurora Rodríguez Carballeira mace ce mai kaɗaici, wanda María Castejón ya ziyarta kawai, wata nas wacce a koda yaushe take zaune (ita jikanyar mai lambu). María ta ji daɗin Aurora sosai, domin na koya mata karatu da rubutu. Bugu da kari, a kowace rana tana jin dadin zuwa dakinta, inda take sadaukar da kanta ga karanta masa, tunda Rodríguez makaho ne.

Cutar

Aurora Tana da martabar mace mai hazaka, mai kare halayyar dan adam da 'yancin mata. Ta yana fama da cutar da ke haifar da mafarki, mahaukata masu tsanantawa da yaudarar girma. Labarin ya ba da labarin shekarunsa biyu na rayuwa, bayan fiye da shekaru XNUMX a kurkuku saboda laifin da aka yi wa ’yarsa, wanda bai yi nadama ba.

Ta kuduri aniyar kirkirar "cikakkiyar mace ta gaba", Aurora ta shirya samun 'ya mace kuma ta daga ta da manyan burinta. Matar ta kira yarinyar: Hildegart Rodríguez Carballeira - a gare ta aikin kimiyya ne. A karkashin wannan ma'aunin, ya girma yaro mai kwazo, tare da babban rabo bisa manufa. Pero, sha'awar budurwar yanci da son nisanta daga mahaifiyarta ya haifar da un mummunan ƙarshe.

Budurwa budurwa

Hildegard Ya kasance mai basira sosai, tare da shekaru 3 kawai ya riga ya san karatu da rubutu. Ya kasance karamin lauya ya kammala karatu a Spain, yayin karatun ƙarin ayyuka guda biyu: Magunguna da Falsafa da Haruffa. Bugu da ƙari, ya kasance ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa tun yana ƙarami, saboda haka, yana da kyakkyawar makoma a nan gaba ... mahaifiyarta ce ta kashe ta, lokacin tana 'yar shekara 18 kawai.

Ciempozuelos Mafaka

En Mahaifiyar Frankenstein, marubucin yana neman yin tsokaci game da gaskiyar matan wancan lokacin. A saboda wannan dalili, Grandes suna amfani da Ciempozuelos sanatorium mai kula da hankali ga mata a matsayin wuri. Tunda wannan mafakar ba kawai an yi niyyar mata ne da ke da matsalar ƙwaƙwalwa ba, akwai kuma matan da aka ɗaure a kurkuku don son 'yancin kai ko kuma don yin rayuwar jima'i da yardar kaina.

Labarin soyayya mara yuwuwa

Bayan isa Ciempozuelos, Bajamushen ya sami sha'awar María, budurwa mai matsi da damuwa. Ita, a nata bangaren, ta ƙi shi, wani abu da ke ba da mamaki ga Jamusanci, wanda zai gano dalilin da ya sa ta kasance mai kaɗaici da ban mamaki. Forbiddenaunar da aka hana saboda yanayin ƙasar da ƙa'idodi biyu suke mulki, cike da ƙa'idodi marasa kyau da rashin adalci a ko'ina.

Hakikanin haruffa

Labarin ya hada da haruffa na gaskiya na lokacin, kamar su Antonio Vallejo Nájera da Juan José López Ibor. Antonio shi ne darektan Ciempozuelos, mutumin da ya yi imani da eugenics kuma wanda yayi imanin cewa yakamata a kawar da duk Markisanci. Dangane da haka, ya inganta harbin manya da wannan akidar da kuma isar da yaransu ga dangin National Movement.

A nasa bangaren, López Ibor - duk da cewa ba shi da abokantaka da Vallejo - ya amince da wulakancin abin da ake kira "reds" da 'yan luwadi. Wannan likitan mahaukata ne a cikin zamanin Franco, wanda ke aikin zama na lantarki da lobotomies. Waɗannan hanyoyin ana amfani da su ne kawai ga maza, tun da mata ba za su iya samun 'yancin yin jima'i ba.

Sauran membobin labarin

A cikin makircin sun fito da haruffa na biyu (almara) waɗanda ke taimakawa don haɓaka labarin. Daga cikinsu, Uba Armenteros da nuns Belén da Anselma, waɗanda ke wakiltar ƙungiyar addini a cikin mafakar. Bugu da kari, Eduardo Méndez - likitan mahaukata dan luwadi - wanda aka yi wa rauni a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa na ayyukan López Ibor kuma ya zama kyakkyawan abokai da Jamusanci da María.

Sobre el autor

An haifi Almudena Grandes Hernández a Madrid a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1960. Ya kammala karatun sa na kwararru a Jami’ar Complutense ta Madrid, inda ya kammala a fannin ilimin kasa da tarihi. Aikinsa na farko shi ne a gidan buga takardu; A can babban aikinsa shi ne rubuta bayanan hoton a cikin littattafan. Wannan sana'ar ta taimaka mata ta saba da rubutu.

Kalaman marubuci Almudena Grandes.

Gasar adabi

Littafinsa na farko, Zamanin Lulu (1989), babbar nasara ce: an fassara ta cikin harsuna sama da 20, wanda ya lashe kyautar XI La Sonrisa Vertical Award kuma ya dace da silima. Tun daga wannan lokacin, marubucin ya yi littattafai da yawa waɗanda suka sami lambobin edita sosai tare da yabo mai mahimmanci. A zahiri, waɗanda aka ambata a ƙasa suma an kai su silima:

• Malena sunan tango ne (1994)
• Atlas na Tarihin ɗan adam (1998)
• da iska mai wuya (2002)

Wasanni de daya yaki ƙarshe

A 2010, Babba buga Agnes da farin ciki, kashi na farko na jerin Labaran yakin basasa. Tare da wannan littafin, marubucin ya lashe Elena Poniatowska Ibero-American Novel Prize (2011), a tsakanin sauran kyaututtuka. Ya zuwa yanzu akwai ayyuka guda biyar waɗanda suka cika saga; na huɗu: Magungunan Dr. García, ya karbi lambar yabo ta kasa ta shekarar 2018.