Mafi kyawun littattafan bincike

Lokacin da mai amfani da Intanet wanda yake son karatu ya nemi "mafi kyawun littattafan bincike", sakamakon ya dawo 100% na littattafan bincike. Dalilin a bayyane yake: ba shi da kyau a ɗauki labarin ɗan sanda ba tare da jami'in tsaro ba ko kuma ba tare da wani adadi da ke yin hakan ba. To, wa zai zama mai kula da warware laifin?

Yanzu, rubuce-rubucen bincike ba koyaushe ake ruwaitowa ba daga ra'ayin mai tsanantawa. A wannan ma'anar muna da abin da ake kira "'yan sanda na baya" -Mai fasaha Mr. Ripley (1955), yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun sanannu - suna bayyana hangen nesan maƙerin. A zahiri, Wannan nau'in yana da girma da zurfin gaske, cewa littattafan aikata laifuka sun ci gaba ta hanyar mai da hankali ga tunanin masu laifi da / ko a cikin jami'an 'yan sanda tare da ladabi mai da'a.

Shahararrun masu binciken adabin duniya

Auguste Dupin ne adam wata

"Da farko ya kasance Asabar fiye da Lahadi," in ji wata tsohuwar magana. A dalilin haka Ba shi yiwuwa a binciki nau'in mai binciken ba tare da farawa da Dupin ba, wanda ya fara kirkirar kirkirar labaru a cikin adabi. Kuma ee, shine farkon sanannen hali a cikin wasikun aikata laifi, kuma marubucin nasa yayi daidai da babban marubucin Ba'amurke Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849).

A zahiri, a cikin labarin an san Dupin a matsayin jarumi, saboda haka, mallakar Legion d'honneur Faransanci. Abubuwan da suka faru game da wannan jarumin - Mai himma don warware tatsuniyoyi da asirai— aboki ne wanda ba a san sunansa ba ya ba da labarinsa a ɗakin karatu na Paris. Abubuwan da suka faru a littafinsa na farko sun faru ne a wannan garin.

Laifukan titi (1941)

Makircin ya shafi kisan gillar da aka yi wa wasu mata biyu, Madame da Madeimoselle L'Espanaye (uwa da diya), wanda wani mutum ya gudu ya aikata. Don haka jarumin Auguste Dupin ya shiga wurin don hana yanke hukuncin mutumin da ba shi da laifi wanda ake zargi da aikata laifin.

Don zuwa asalin abubuwan da suka faru, Dupin na iya haɗakar da hikimomin da ba za a iya yarda da su ba tare da taɓa tunanin fasaha. Menene ƙari, A cikin tambayoyin da ya yi, ya tabbatar da cewa ya ƙware sosai wajen karanta yaren jikin waɗanda aka tambaya. Ta wannan hanyar, zai iya hangen yiwuwar jin ƙyama, rashin haƙuri, mamaki ko kuma shakku da warware duk matsalolin.

Asirin Marie Rogêt (1842) y Wasikar sata (1844)

Rubuce-rubucen na biyu da na uku waɗanda C. Auguste Dupin ya gabatar suna nuna ƙwarewar marubucin game da al'amuran. Idan a ciki Laifukan titi aikin yana gudana ta hanyar yawon shakatawa na Paris, a cikin littattafai masu zuwa saitin yana cikin sararin samaniya da cikin kayan sirri, bi da bi.

ma, Asirin Marie Rogêt An yi wahayi zuwa gare ta ta ainihin lamarin (na Mary Rogers, wanda aka sami gawarsa yana iyo a cikin Kogin Hudson, New York a 1941). Ba kamar aikin farko na Dupin a cikin Paris ba, dalili na jarumi gabaɗaya kuɗi ne (neman iƙirari). A ƙarshe, Wasikar sata shi Poe kansa ya bayyana shi da cewa "watakila mafi kyawun labarin na ne."

Sherlock Holmes

Mai binciken ya kirkiro ta Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859 - 1930) an banbanta shi da hazikan sa na ban mamaki, ikon kiyaye mafi kankantar daki-daki da kuma rarar hankali. Gabaɗaya, labaran "hukuma" na Holmes sun ƙunshi litattafai 4 da labarai 156 na bambancin tsayi da aka tattara a cikin kundin da yawa.

A ƙasa akwai jerin wallafe-wallafen da suka dace da abin da ake kira "Holmesian canon" (duk dole ne a gani a cikin ɗan sanda mai bincike):

• Nazarin cikin mulufi (1887). Labari.
• Alamar su hudun (1890). Labari.
• Kasadar Sherlock Holmes (1892). Tattara labarai.
• Tunawa da Sherlock Holmes (1894). Tarin labarai.
• Hound na Baskersville (1901-1902). Labari.
• Dawowar Sherlock Holmes (1903). Tarin labarai.
• Kwarin ta'addanci (1914-1916). Labari.
• Bakansa na karshe (1917). Tarin labarai.
• Taskar Sherlock Holmes (1927). Tarin labarai.

Hercule Poirot

Halin da aka kirkira ta Agatha Christie 1890 - 1975 Da alama shi ɗan leƙen asirin ne mafi kyawun ladabi a cikin adabin duniya. An bayyana Poirot a matsayin mutum gajere, mai alfahari da gashin baki da kuma jan hankali ta hanyar bincike wanda ke wakiltar ainihin ƙalubalen ilimi.

Kari kan hakan, sufetocin da ya yi ritaya yana kaunar "tsari da hanya", wanda ya damu da daidaito, jin dadi, tsari da layi madaidaiciya. Duka, Christie ta rubuta labarai 41 da Poirot ke bugawa (duk ingantattun labarai ne), Daga cikin mashahuran mashahuran masu zuwa:

• Al’amarin ban mamaki na Styles (1920).
• Kisan Roger Ackroyd (1926).
• Asirin jirgin shudi (1928).
• Kisan kai akan Gabas ta Gabas (1934).
• Mutuwa a Kogin Nilu (1937).
• Jini a cikin wurin waha (1946).
• Labule: shari'ar ƙarshe ta Hercule Poirot (1975).

Sam Spade, jami'in 'yan sanda "samfurin" na littafin labarin laifuka

A cikin tsaka-tsakin zamani na karni na XNUMX, Sam Spade ya karya tsarin binciken "daidaitaccen siyasa". A gaskiya, fasalin wannan jami'in yana wakiltar adawa da haruffa masu gaskiya (Dupin ko Poirot, misali). Wanda marubucin Ba'amurke Dashiell Hammlett ya kirkira (1894 - 1961), Spade yana cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin lahira

Haka kuma, yaren banzansa da kuma yin rijistar taken "ƙarshen yana tabbatar da ma'anar", ya tabbatar da halayensa marasa kyau da rashin damuwa game da ra'ayin wasu ... Tabbatar da hukuncin laifi kawai, ko ta halin kaka. Waɗannan halayen suna ƙara ƙarin kayan yaji a cikin litattafansa masu kayatarwa waɗanda ke cike da yanayi mai cike da duhu: Falcon na Malta (1930) y Maballin lu'ulu'u (1931).

Mai fasaha Mr. Ripley (ko "'yan sanda na baya")

Wannan aikin marubucin litattafan Amurka Patricia Highsmith (1921 - 1995) ya kasance ƙungiyar Writungiyar Marubuta ta Asiri ta Amurka ta zama ɗayan manyan littattafai 100 masu ban mamaki a tarihi. An buga shi a cikin 1955, yawancin mahimmancin wannan taken ya ta'allaka ne da salon labarin tatsuniyoyi wanda aka jingina shi a mahangar mai laifin.

A wannan karon, Tom Ripley (mai ba da labari) ɗan damfara ne kuma mai kisan kai yana son aikata abubuwa marasa kyau don kiyaye matsayinsa na zamantakewa. Sabili da haka, yana ƙoƙari ya kewaye kansa da mutane masu arziki kuma ya yaudare su ta hanyar baiwarsa ta musamman: yaudara. Bugu da ƙari, Highsmith ya rubuta sunayen sarauta masu tauraruwa tare da mutumin nasa:

• Ripley karkashin kasa (1970).
• Wasan Ripley (1974).
• A cikin matakan Ripley (1980)
• Ripley a cikin haɗari (1991).

Sauran manyan litattafai game da masu binciken

A yau, duk littattafan bincike suna da tasirin rinjayar akalla ɗayan waɗannan haruffa masu zuwa: Dupin, Poirot, Spade, ko Ripley. A wannan bangaren, ana buƙatar keɓaɓɓen labarin don lissafa mafi kyawun taken bincike na kowane zamani.

Duk da haka dai, ga wasu littattafan bincike dole:

• Gaskiyar maganar Uba Brown (1911), na Gilbert Keith Chesterton.
• Madawwami mafarki (1939), na Raymond Chandler.
• Red Dragon (1981), na Thomas Harris.
• Na san abin da kuke tunani (2010), na John Verdon.
• Inuwar Quirke (2015), na John Banville.
• Zuwa ga munanan abubuwa (2017), na César Pérez Gelilla.