Edgar Allan Poe ya faɗi.
Littattafan sirrin basa wakiltar nau'in adabi a cikin mahimmancin ma'anar kalmar. Kodayake sanannun sunayen sarauta tare da wannan cancantar mallakar littattafan bincike ne, dole ne a kuma yi la'akari da matani na al'ada. Hakanan litattafan ilimin almara na kimiyya ba zasu iya fitar da adadi mai ban tsoro ba (Draculata Bram Stoker, alal misali).
Gabaɗaya, matani waɗanda mai karatu basu da tabbacin abin da ke faruwa suna da yawan jaraba. Yana da ƙari, Mafi yawan shahararrun marubuta a cikin tarihi sun kware wurin gina abubuwa masu wuyar fahimta. Irin wannan shine yanayin gashin fuka-fukan Edgar Allan Poe ko Agatha Christie. A cikin 'yan kwanan nan, Stephen King, Stieg Larsson da Dan Brown, da sauransu, sun yi fice.
Mafi kyawun littattafan asiri
Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin zaɓaɓɓun ayyukan adabin ban mamaki:
A baki cat (1843), na Edgar Allan Poe
Poe ana ɗaukar sahun gaba a cikin nau'o'in adabi daban-daban, musamman a cikin littafin bincike da gajeren labari. Daidai, con A baki cat Wannan marubucin Ba'amurke ya nuna bajintar sa wajen magance ta'addanci. Wannan babban haɗakarwar haɗarin haɗari tare da rikicewar hankali ya haifar da ɗayan labaran mafi ban tsoro na kowane lokaci (idan ba mafi yawa ba).
Synopsis
Rayuwar gidan yau da kullun ta ma'aurata da dabbobin gidansu (baƙar fata) suna wucewa tare da cikakken natsuwa. Amma jituwa ta gida ta fara canzawa saboda maigida ya fada cikin matsalar barasa. Sakamakon haka, wannan mutumin ya fara bayyanar cututtukan rashin hankali a daidai lokacin da jarabarsa ta tsananta kuma ya fara jin tsanantawa.
Hoto mai rikitarwa mai haɗari na mai ba da izini ya haifar da kisan gillar. A ƙarshe, zaman lafiya mai wucewa kawai ya dawo. Da kyau, bayyanar kyanwa ta biyu ta sake buɗe mai jarumtaka. Sakamakon karshe shine gaskiya mai ban tsoro da ban tsoro.
Dracula (1897), daga Bram Stoker
Yanayi da tasiri a al'adun zamani
Tasirin shahararren vampire a duniya ya wuce tun daga lokacin da aka buga wannan littafin na tarihi har zuwa yau. Wannan a bayyane yake daga ɗimbin wasan kwaikwayo, fina-finai da tallan talabijin na almara na ƙididdigar Transylvanian. Musamman, Stoker bai ƙirƙira almara ba.
A bayyane yake marubucin ɗan asalin Ireland ya sami kwarin gwiwar rubuta labarin bayan tattaunawa da wani fitaccen masanin Hangari, Arminius Vámbéry. Wanene ya bayyana wani Vlad Drăculea, wanda ba shi da alaƙa da Vlad III, basaraken Wallachia a cikin ƙarni na goma sha biyar. Kodayake, Stoker ya dogara da halaye daban-daban na Vlad III - wanda aka fi sani da "mai ratayewa" - don gina mutum mai zubar da jini.
Synopsis
Jonathan Harker, wani matashin lauya dan Burtaniya, ya isa fadar Count Dracula da ke Transylvania. Da farko, ana maraba da lauya a matsayin bako, amma an kama shi bayan gano yanayin rashin tausayin mai masaukin nasa. Bayan dan lokaci, Dracula yayi tafiya zuwa London a cikin akwati tare da ƙasar Transylvanian. A cikin babban birni na Biritaniya ya fara tattara waɗanda abin ya shafa kuma ya mai da selsammata zuwa vampires.
A cikin su, Lucy, aminiyar Harker. Thearshen da kyar ya sami damar tserewa daga gidan ƙididdigar. A saboda wannan dalili, Dokta Van Helsing ya bayyana a wurin tare da mataimakansa tare da manufar kashe vampire. Duk da haka, Dracula ya sami damar tserewa daga Landan kuma ya koma ƙasarsa, inda a ƙarshe aka kashe shi bayan doguwar tsananta mai ban tsoro..
Babu kayayyakin samu.
Littlean ƙananan baƙi goma (1939), na Agatha Christie
Wataƙila, Kuma a sa'an nan akwai Babu (Kuma babu sauran - taken asali a cikin Turanci) shine aikin Agatha Christie mafi haɓakawa da ban sha'awa. A gaskiya ma, Littlean ƙananan baƙi goma Littafin Ingilishi ne mafi inganci daga marubucin Ingilishi (sama da raka'a miliyan 100). Wannan yana faɗin abubuwa da yawa a cikin aikin adabi na marubucin wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin ƙaddarar tsarin bincike.
Makirci da taƙaitaccen bayani
Agatha Christie
Mutane takwas sun karɓi gayyatar da ba za a iya hanawa ba don yin hutu a kan kyakkyawan tsibirin Negro (ba sunansa na ainihi ba), kusa da tekun Ingila. Wuri ne mai kamar mafarki wanda babban gidan mashawarci wanda ba a san shi ba ya mamaye shi a tsakiyar tsibiri. Bayan isowa, baƙi ba sa gaishe baƙi --Mr. da Mrs. Owen - amma saboda bayin ta na kirki (ma'auratan Rogers).
Sannan baƙi sun hau kan bangon ɗakunansu da rubutacciyar waƙar "Diez Negritos". Daga baya, yayin cin abincin dare, masu cin abincin suna lura da adadi iri goma (negritos) akan teburin cin abinci. Hakanan, ana buga kaset ana zargin duk wanda yake wurin - gami da bayin - da aikata laifi a baya.
Kuma babu wanda ya rage ...
Byaya bayan ɗaya mutanen da ke cikin gidan suna ɓarnatar da ɓoye. Tare da kowane mutuwa, ɗayan baƙar fata ya ɓace. Yayinda aiki mai cike da damuwa da gabatowa ya gabato warwarewa, a bayyane yake ga wadanda suka tsira cewa mai kisan yana cikinsu. Koyaya, dare ne mai hadari ... babu wanda zai iya tsere daga tsibirin.
Hazo (1980), na Stephen King
Mist —Sunan farko a Turanci - yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan karni na XNUMX "masanin ta'addanci", Stephen King. Shigarwa, mai karanta wannan labari ya kamu da bayanin wani hazo mai kauri wanda ya mamaye garin Brigton, Maine, Amurka. Wannan yanayin na yanayi yana faruwa ne da safe bayan guguwar wutar lantarki da daddare.
Har ila yau, rashin kyawun gani da aka samo daga hazo ya zo da bayyanar wasu halittu masu ban tsoro wadanda ke afkawa mutane a cikin gidansu. A wannan yanayin, masu rikitarwa da rikicewar wannan labarin suna cikin matsuguni a cikin babban kanti. A can, suka fara bayyana cewa wataƙila asalin dodannin na iya zama gwajin soja ne da bai yi nasara ba.
Mazajen da basa kaunar mata (2005), na Stieg Larsson
Wannan littafin shine farkon a cikin shahararren tarihin Millennium trilogy (wanda aka buga post mortem) daga marubucin Sweden Stieg Larsson. Littafin almara ne wanda ya shafi ɗan jaridar Mikael Blomkvist, wanda ake zargi da ɓata sunan Hans-Erik Wennerström. Bayan haka - yin amfani da mawuyacin halin - Henrik Vanger (wani ɗan kasuwa ɗan Sweden mai mahimmanci) ya ba da yarjejeniya ga ɗan jaridar.
Don musayar bayanai masu dacewa akan Wennerström, Mikael dole ne ya samar da littafin karatun Vanger. Bugu da ari, Blomkvist dole ne ya warware bacewar 1966 na bacewar Harriet, 'yar jika ta Henrik. Yayin da dan jaridar ke ci gaba da bincikensa, an bayyana wasu shaidu na hanyar Harriet da zamanin Nazi da wasu daga cikin dangin Vanger suka nuna.
Lambar Da Vinci (2003), na Dan Brown
Wannan taken ya nuna alama mai kyau a rayuwar marubucin Ba'amurke Dan Brown. Abubuwan da ke ciki sun haifar da rikici sosai saboda nassoshi akan Mai Tsarki da Opus Dei. Musamman, bayanan da ke cikin rubutun game da rawar da Maryamu Magadaliya ta yi a cikin Kiristanci ya haifar da ƙi da cocin Katolika.
Yanayin da aka ambata a baya ya haɓaka sha'awar jama'a game da wannan aikin. A halin yanzu, Yana daya daga cikin litattafan da akafi siyarwa a cikin sabuwar karni na duniya saboda albarkatun sama da miliyan 80 da aka siyar. Kamar dai hakan bai isa ba, mai nasara biyu Oscar Tom Hanks ne ke kan gaba a shirin fim.
Hujja
Rubutun ya faɗi binciken Robert Langdon —Harvard farfesa masanin ilimin tauhidi- a kusa da baƙon kisan Jacques Saunière, mai kula da gidan kayan gargajiya na Louvre. Abokin hulɗarsa a cikin wannan harka shine wakilin Faransa Sophie Neveu, ƙanwar mamacin.
Tare za su yi rayuwa mai dimauta daga Paris zuwa London don neman amsoshi. Duk da haka, a kusa da su don magance duk matsalolin da ke tattare da su, barazanar ta zama mafi haɗari. Dalilin: asirin da za a tona yana da ikon buɗewa girgizar ƙasa a cikin gaba ɗayan tarihin Kristanci.
Daga wannan jeri na gaske na so "The Black Cat" da "Da Vinci Code" suna da kyau.
- Gustavo Woltmann.
Akalla "Ten negritos" ana daukar shi da kyau a cikin yanayin adabi. Makircin aikin fasaha ne. Kuma "The Da Vinci Code", littafin labari, ba fim ɗin ba, ba zai iya zama daɗaɗɗa ba.