Hoton Joseph Joffo
jakar marmara Shi ne mafi wakilcin aikin na Faransa Joseph Joffo. Duk da cewa masu shela da yawa sun ƙi shi, ya yi nasarar buga shi a shekara ta 1973 a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, inda nan da nan ya sami nasarar buga littafin. Rubutun ya ba da labarin abubuwan da marubucin ya samu tare da ɗan’uwansa Maurece a farkon yakin duniya na biyu, sa’ad da suke ƙanana.
Labari ne wanda a cikinsa ya yawaita na zalunci da zalunci, amma. duk da wahalar rayuwa, fatan baya dushewa. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an buga taken a cikin harsuna daban-daban 18, tare da sayar da rikodin fiye da kwafi miliyan 20. Shekara guda bayan gabatar da shi, an gane labarin tare da lambar yabo ta Broquette-Gonin.
Takaitawa na jakar marmara
Fara sana'a
Faransa, shekara 1941, Ma'auratan Joffo sun zauna a birnin Paris a cikin hanyar da ta dace da farin ciki, tare da yara kanana, Maurice da Yusufu. Kamar yadda suka saba, yara suna jin daɗin wasan marmara, har wata rana, ba tare da faɗakarwa ba, komai ya canza. Da suka koma gidan aski na mahaifinsu, yaran sun haɗu da wasu jami’an SS guda biyu, a lokacin da suka fara haduwa da ’yan Nazi.
yanke shawara mai mahimmanci
Bayan mamayar Jamus, Rayuwar kowa ta canza sosai; Iyalin Joffo sun fara fargaba don kare lafiyarsu. Don kare yaranku, yanke shawarar aika su zuwa Menton (free zone), inda za su sake haduwa da yayyensu. To sai dai saboda dora tauraron mai rawaya, bai yi wa kowa sauki ba, don haka sai da suka yi kama da su don guje wa sojojin.
tafiya mai wahala
Gajiya daga tafiyar kilomita ta yi yawa. A lokacin tsallakawar sun yi nasarar samun kuɗi kuma sun sami damar ci, duk da cewa karancin kayan abinci da aka samu sakamakon yakin da ake yi ya sanya komai wahala. Sojojin Nazi sun addabi hanyar, don haka dole ne su yi balaguro don gudun kada a kama su.
ba tare da rasa bege
Duk da cikas, matasan sun sadu da Albert da Henri a Mentonkuma, bayan dogon lokaci, Daga baya suka shiga iyayensu a Nice. Suna cikin iyali, sun sake dawowa daidai kuma sun koma makaranta tsawon shekara guda a jere.
Duk da haka, kwanciyar hankali bai dade batunda Jamusawa sun karye yankin da Italiya ta mamaye, wanda ya sa suka rabu. Ya kasance kamar wannan ’yan’uwan Joffo da sauran danginsu ya hau wani sabon kasada. A cikin wannan lokaci na rashin tabbas mai cike da tashin hankali, sun fuskanci matsaloli, kamawa, kora da sauransu, don kawai Yahudawa ne.
Basic bayanai na aikin
jakar marmara Yana da littafin tarihin rayuwa, a cikin Paris, Faransa, a cikin 40s. Shirin ya bayyana sama da surori 11—shafuffuka 253—. An ruwaito shi a cikin mutum na farko ta hanyar daya daga cikin jaruman ta, tare da harshe mai sauƙi kuma mai mahimmanci. Marubucin ya nuna tausayi, kauna da 'yan uwantaka a tsawon tarihi.
Personajes
Yusufu (Jojo)
Shi ne jarumi kuma babban marubucin littafin. Yana da shekaru 10 kuma shine auta a cikin gidan Joffo. Tare da dan uwansa, ya yi tafiya mai tsanani don ceton rayukansu.. A cikin tafiyar ya nuna ƙarfin hali, wanda ya ba shi damar ƙarfafa kansa da tsalle kan matsalolin da suka zo masa.
Maurice
Shi ma wani daga cikin jaruman novel din ne. wanda ke tare da Jojo a kan tafiya zuwa yankin kyauta. Ko da yake ina ɗan shekara 12 kacal, cikin zafin rai ya dauki matsayinsa na babban yaya. Shi ya sa na yi ƙoƙari na cika umarnin mahaifinsa, duk da wahalhalun da nake fuskanta a hanya. Kamar yadda a kowane lokaci yakan kare ɗan'uwansa kuma yana nuna masa ƙauna.
Mr Joffo
Shi ne mahaifin Maurice da Yusufu. Ya -key yanki na tarihi- shi ne wanda dole ne ya yanke shawara mai wuya don ya kori kananan yaransa biyu. Ƙari ga haka, ya yi musu gargaɗi game da tsarin hijira da yadda ya kamata su kasance har sai sun sami ’yan’uwansu. Da tsanani ya koya musu yadda za su yi musun cewa su Yahudawa ne, domin a kan haka ya dogara da ikon yin rai.
Sauran haruffa
A lokacin tarihin labarin, wasu haruffa sun shiga tsakani waɗanda ke wakiltar Joffo. Tsakanin su, 'yan'uwanku, wanda ya kare su a lokuta daban-daban. shima ya fice Zarati —Abokin Jojo wanda ba Bayahude ba, wanda ya tallafa masa a yanayi mai wuya— da Bishop na birnin -wanda ya taimaka musu su yaudari Gestapo don su ci gaba da tashi.
Gyara fim
Ya zuwa yanzu, an yi fina-finai biyu. jakar marmara, duka na samar da Faransa. Na farko Jacques Doillon ne ya jagoranci a 1975, shekaru biyu kacal bayan fitowar littafin. Abin takaici, fim din ba shi da ƙwararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, kuma bai ji daɗin amincewar marubucin aikin ba.
An saki fim na biyu a cikin 2017 kuma Cristian Duguay ne ya ba da umarni. A wannan karon daidaitawar ta kasance mai aminci ga abin da aka ruwaito a cikin littafin, don haka ya burge dimbin masu sauraro. An tsara fim ɗin da kyau, samun yin daidai ya nuna magudanar bayan da ya bari Yakin Nazi a kasar Faransa.
Game da marubucin, Joseph Joffo
Yusuf joffo
An haifi Joseph Joffo a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 1931 a Pais, Faransa. Mahaifinsa shi ne ɗan ƙasar Rasha Romano Joffo da mahaifiyarsa ƴan wasan violin Anna Markoff. Ya rayu a ƙuruciyarsa a unguwar Yahudawa Arrodissement, a babban birnin Faransa. Akwai yayi karatu a kwalejin a Rue Ferdinand-Flocom. Tsawon shekaru goma komai ya tafi kamar yadda aka saba har zuwan Nazis a kasar.
A lokacin samartaka, bayan ya sake haduwa da iyalinsa, ya sake zama a Paris. Yana dan shekara sha hudu ya bar makaranta. — mutuwar mahaifinsa ne ya jagorance shi— kuma ya karɓi ragamar gidan aski tare da ’yan uwansa.
Kwarewar aiki
A tsawon rayuwarsa Yusufu Joff ya yi fice a matsayin marubuci, marubucin allo, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, marubuci kuma ɗan kasuwa. Shekaru da yawa ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gyaran gashi kuma ya ci gaba da gadon mahaifinsa ta hanyar kafa shaguna masu yawa a birnin Paris, tare da ma'aikata sama da 400. Wannan shi ne yadda ya gina sanannen daular kayan ado tare da fadi da zabar abokan ciniki.
A cikin 1970, saboda abin da ya faru na ski, an tilasta masa zama a gida kuma yana gudanar da kasuwancinsa daga can. A cikin dogon lokaci, wannan ya sa ya wakilta alkiblar salon sa, wanda ya ba shi damar fara ɗaukar abubuwan tunawa da yarinta, kuma ya ga haihuwar littafinsa na farko.
Gasar adabi
A cikin 1973, marubucin ya buga littafinsa na farko, jakar marmara, tare da bugun marubuci Patrick Cauvin. Aikin ya samu a babban nasara kuma ya haifar da aikin Joffo. Duk da cewa farkonsa a duniyar adabi ya makara, abin da ya sa wannan take ya sa marubucin ya ci gaba da rayuwarsa a matsayin marubuci. Wannan nasara ta farko ta biyo bayan wasu litattafai 16, daga cikinsu sun yi fice: Anna da ƙungiyar makaɗarta (1975), Saminu da yaron (1981) y Le Partage (2005).
Mutuwa
Joseph Joffo ya mutu a ranar 6 ga Disamba, 2018 a Saint-Laurent-du-Var, a kan Riviera na Faransa, mai shekaru 87. Ya dade yana fama da rashin lafiya mai tsanani wanda ya kai shi kwanakin karshe a asibiti. Gawarsa ya huta a makabartar Père Lachaise, daya daga cikin mafi girma kuma mafi sanannun a Paris.