Marcos Chicot. © Novelashistóricas
Bayan sanyawa ebook mafi kyawun sayarwa a cikin Mutanen Espanya tsakanin 2013 da 2016, Kashe Pythagoras, masanin halayyar dan Adam Marcos Chicot Álvarez (Madrid, 1971) ya yanke shawara a shekarar 2009 don dakatar da takaice bayan haihuwar 'yarsa, Lucía, wacce ke fama da cutar Down, kuma ya rubuta littafin har na tsawon shekaru shida. Kisan Socrates, aikin karshe na kyautar 2016 Planeta. Aiki wanda, ba kamar mai sayarwa mafi kyau ba, yana ma'amala da mafi kyawun (kuma hargitsi) zamanin Girka na gargajiya wanda watakila bai yi nisa da Yammacin yau ba.
Marcos Chicot: «Socrates ya kawo canji»
Da karfe 14:30 na rana a otal din Fairmont Juan Carlos I a Barcelona kuma duk da gajiyarsa, Marcos Chicot ya ci gaba da murmushi, yana nuna kyawun da ke nuna shi a tsakanin jami'an 'yan jaridu da' yan jarida. Yana neman izini in ci wani abu daga farantin tapas da suka ajiye akan tebur kuma yana zuwa gaba, yana son kusancin.
Aikinsa, wanda ya kawo karshen kisan gillar da aka yi wa Assassination of Socrates, "labari ne mai dadi kuma mai tsauri game da Girka ta gargajiya", a cikin maganar marubucin kansa. Labarin da ya fara da satar jariri don ci gaba a ƙarƙashin Yaƙin Peloponnesia, rikicin da ya fuskanci Athens da Sparta tsawon shekaru 27.
Actualidad Literatura: Yaya jiki?
Marcos Chicot: Baya ga gajiya. . . (dariya)
AL: Baya
MC: Ina jin kamar ina kan gajimare ne, ina tsammanin yawan gajiya yana taimakawa jin mafarkin. Ina so in huta gobe kuma in sami babban hangen nesa, ina jiran gaskiyar rayuwa kowace rana, kowane lokaci, na kaiwa mabiyana da littafin, tare da saƙonnin sa, domin yanzu na ji duka ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Ina son littafin ya kasance a shagunan sayar da littattafai, ya taba shi, ya ji, a fada masa abin da suke tunani.
AL: Ta yaya wannan sabon littafin, Assassination of Socrates, ya banbanta da Kisan na Pythagoras?
MC: Wannan labarin yafi birgewa saboda dalilai biyu: daya shine Socrates da kansa, wanda fifiko ya fi Pythagoras kyau. Mutum ne mai halin kirki, wanda ya ja hankali a Athens kuma wanda ya tsoma baki cikin rayuwar garin sa. Muna da ƙarin bayani game da shi kuma, ba shakka, game da kewaye. Pythagoras ya wakilci Magna Girka da aka girka a kudancin Italiya, yayin da wannan labarin an saita shi a cikin zuciyar Girka ta gargajiya, matattarar wayewar kai, ta duniya. Socrates yana nuna haihuwar kuma ba zan faɗi falsafa ba amma game da juyin halitta ga waɗancan bayanai game da sama ko ruwa, alal misali, cewa ɗan adam ya ba da gudummawa. Socrates ya kawo canji kuma yace A'A, abu mai mahimmanci shine mutumin, don haka bari mu nemi cikakkiyar gaskiyar. Hanyar tunani da ta sanya shi mahaifin hankali da ɗan adam, mahaifin falsafa. Duk abin da aka haifa a cikinsa, kuma wannan shine ma'anar mu. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata inda mutumtaka ta ɓarke, an sami cikakken ɗaukaka a al'adu, zane-zane, gine-gine, magunguna ma sun bayyana, adabi, komai ya fashe. Bugu da kari, wasu abubuwa da yawa an haife su wadanda suke da zamani a yau: Wasannin Olympic, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, asalin abubuwan da muke ji yau kuma wadanda suka fito shekaru 2500 da suka gabata tare da kamanceceniya da waɗanda muke da su yanzu. Abubuwan binciken da, tsawon ƙarni, suka ɓace, tare da sake farfadowa shine motsi wanda ya cece su har zuwa yau. A takaice dai asalinmu ne. Kuma hakan zai jawo hankalin mutane.
AL: Wane muhimmin darasi Socrates ya kawo mana?
MC: Rayuwarsa ce da mutuwarsa, mutum ne da bai ba da komai ba, wanda aka yi masa barazanar mutuwa ta hanyar yaƙi da rayuwa don gaskiya da adalci. Sakamakon shi, wani muhimmin motsi ya bayyana wanda ya nuna mana. Waɗanne maza ne suka sanya alama kan yadda maza suke yin aiki ko aiki a matsayin abin nuni? Kuna iya tunanin Gandhi, na Yesu Kiristi na Katolika; a cikin Socrates Koyaswarsa ta zama hanyar rayuwa.
AL: Wasannin Olympics, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, abubuwan da mutum ya kiyaye tun zamanin Girka ta dā, amma akwai wasu fannoni a kan zamantakewar al'umma ko siyasa tsakanin wannan Girka da kuka bayyana da kuma Yammacin yanzu waɗanda wataƙila ba su canza sosai ba?
MC: Gabaɗaya. Akwai kwatankwacin da na nuna son rai a cikin littafin game da yanayin siyasa. Wannan ita ce dimokiradiyya ta farko a duniya, ba su da masu tantancewa, amma sun aikata irin ta'asar da muke yi a yau. Taro ne inda kowa yayi zabe, mai tsafta sosai. Amma kamar yadda Euripides ya ce, dimokiradiyya mulkin kama-karya ne. A ƙarshe sun zo, sun shawo kan kowa da sha'awar su kuma sun yanke hukunci mai ban tsoro. Misali, yakin Peloponnesia da aka bayyana a cikin littafin ya dauki shekaru 27 kuma akwai hanyoyi da yawa don dakatar da shi ta hanyar amfani da kalmar, amma akwai takamaiman mutane da suka yanke shawarar ci gaba da tashin hankali saboda son kansu ga iko , saboda waɗancan shaawoyi. cewa sun shawo wasu kuma sauran, kamar tumaki, sun yarda.
AL: Kuma wannan yana riƙe?
MC: Ee, yawancin lokuta mutane da kwarjini ne ke jagorantar siyasa, kuma abin takaici saboda dalilai marasa kyau da kuma muradin kansu. Sabili da haka, a ƙarshe, al'umma gabaɗaya tana yanke shawara mara kyau don sha'awar fewan kaɗan tare da babban ikon motsa ƙa'idodin mummunan ra'ayi da tunanin ɗan adam.
AL: Kun ambata jiya cewa kun fara rubuta wannan littafin ne lokacin da aka haifi ɗiyar ku Lucia, wacce aka haifa da cutar Down Syndrome. Wasu lokuta mukan yi rubutu game da batutuwan da zasu iya zama baƙonmu yayin da, a zahiri, wataƙila muma muna da namu ko fiye da labaran kanmu waɗanda zamu iya ba da labari. Shin kun yi tunani game da rubuta wani littafi mai kusanci wanda yake magana, misali, dangantakar uba? wa ke rubutu da 'ya mace da nakasa?
MC: Ee, abin da na taɓa tunani game da shi shi ne ƙirƙirar sabon labari wanda yau ɗayan haruffa ke da Down Syndrome. Wannan zai ba ni damar nuna gaskiyar cututtukan Down Syndrome, kodayake koyaushe ina ƙoƙarin nuna shi ta hanyoyi da yawa. Zai zama hanya don warware wariyar da ke akwai game da su, tare da nuna gaskiyar su, mai sauƙi. Wancan hanyar rayuwa ta fi sauki kuma jama'a na maraba dasu. Zai zama hanya mafi kyau don nuna shi, ƙirƙirar hali tare da Down Syndrome wanda zai ba ni damar nuna bayanai ba tare da tsayawa tsayawa magana musamman game da shi ba, wanda ya kasance a haɗe, haɗe tare da makircin. A koyaushe ina tunani game da shi, amma kuma a yanzu yana iya dacewa da ayyukan da nake gabatowa.
AL: Wace shawara za ku ba wa waɗannan matasa marubutan da ke shirin rubuta littafinsu na farko?
MC: Kokari, juriya. Ya dogara da wane irin littafin labari ne, aikin yana iya zama da wuya, sadaukarwa ce. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa dole ne ku tabbata cewa gaskiyar rubuta shi zai biya ku. Idan, ƙari, aikin ya zama mai nasara, to ƙarin abubuwan haɗin sun riga sun bayyana. Nemi gamsuwa ta hanyar rubutu, ba nasara ba.
AL: Kuma wa kuke so ku gabatar da kanku don kyautar Planeta?
MC: Duk wanda yake son rubuta labari kuma yayi nasara dashi. Wannan sana'a ce kuma dole ne ku fara koya. Duk lokacin da na karanta wani labari daga shekarun baya kuma na ga wani abu da bana so, ina faɗin kaina, mai girma! Dole hakan ya zama a bayyane. Sai dai idan ku 'yan Mozart ne na rubutu, a cikin wannan aikin al'ada ne dole ne ku koya. Gudu daga maganganu don neman zargi. Sannan gyara da gyara har sai ka shawo kan masu sukar.
AL: Me za ku yi da lambar yabon?
MC: Na farko, Hacienda ta ɗauki rabin (dariya). Kamar yadda yake a cikin dukkan litattafainas 10% yana zuwa ƙungiyoyin nakasassu. Sannan zan rarraba abin da ya rage a cikin shekaru uku har zuwa littafi na gaba kuma in biya kuɗin.
AL: Wadanne kungiyoyi kuke haɗin gwiwa?
MC: Garrigou shine babba, tunda yana haɗin gwiwa da makarantar 'yata. Hakanan tare da Gidauniyar Down Syndrome ta Madrid. Lokacin da myata ta kasance yarinya na ɗauke ta zuwa can kuma sun karɓe ta sosai, tare da kulawar motsa jiki, maganin magana, kuzari; hakan shine mafi kyau: kara musu kwarin gwiwa wajen bunkasa kwarewarsu, kuma a game da 'yata juyin halitta ya kasance abin birgewa. Affectionaunar da suke samu daga iyaye, wanda wani yanki ne da nake aiki tuƙuru a gareshi, shima yana da matukar mahimmanci, saboda idan mahaifin yana nuna wariya ga cutar, daidaitawa na iya zama da matukar wahala kuma zai iya zama mai ƙin yarda da shi koyaushe.