Federico García Lorca: hoto mai tofa na waƙoƙin Mutanen Espanya

Kodayake an riga an rubuta yawancin rayuwarsa, gaskiyar ita ce magana game da Federico García Lorca ba za ta isa ba. Aikin adabinsa yana kururuwa, nan saitinsa ya yi rawar jiki, yana magana ne game da asalin waƙar Mutanen Espanya da kuma ƙwarewar ƙwarewar haruffa, kamar dai tsoho ne wanda yake rubutu, na wani wanda ya zo da ilimin da ya wuce don wuce waƙoƙin da ke yanzu da kuma sake tunanin wanda ya gabace shi.

Wannan mutumin daga Granada, wanda aka haifa a cikin 1898, ya zo don ganin karnin da ya mutu kuma ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na haihuwar wallafe-wallafen karni na gaba. Fureren waƙinsa na yau da kullun ya faru ne a cikin 1921, lokacin da yake ɗan shekara 23 kawai. A wancan lokacin ya buga nasa Littafin Poetry (1921) y Wakar cante jondo (1921), ayyukan da suka ba shi wuri nan da nan cikin mawaƙan lokacin kuma suka ba shi tabbaci a cikin mahimman Genearnin '27.

Lorca da Gidan Zama

Akwai abubuwan da suka faru, wurare da mutane waɗanda ke canza rayuwa, tabbas, kuma Idan akwai wani abu da ya taimaka ƙirƙira da ƙarfafa gwaninta na Federico García Lorca, wannan shine lokacinsa a Residencia de Estudiantes.

Matashin marubucin bai iso wurin ba kwatsam, shigarsa shafin ya samo asali ne daga katsalandan da dan siyasa Fernando de los Ríos yayi kan lokaci. kafin iyayen mawaki, wadanda suke adawa da tafiyarsa. Shugaban gurguzu na Spain yayi magana kuma yayi nasarar shawo kan dangin Lorca su shigo.

Duk da yake a cikin Studentaliban Makaranta, Lorca ya goge kafadu tare da siffofin girman Salvador Dalí da Luis Buñuel, masu ilimi masu nauyi a lokacin wanda ya ƙarfafa dangantakar abokantaka da su. Waɗannan haruffa, tare da Rafael Alberti da Adolfo Salazar, sun ba da ƙarfi ga halin waƙar Lorca bayan kowane taro mai wadatarwa.

Lorca, Zamanin '27, tafiya da zartar masa

Sakamakon taron mawaka ne wanda ya gudana shekaru 300 bayan mutuwar Luis de Góngora (1927) lokacin da aka haifi abin da ake kira Generation of 27. A waccan shekarar da ta gaba sun bayyana Waƙoƙi (1927) y Farkon soyayya (1928), biyu daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan saurayi daga Granada.

A wannan lokacin ne Federico García Lorca ya shiga cikin ɗayan rikice-rikicensa masu ƙarfi, Wannan ya faru ne saboda sukar wallafe-wallafen, musamman ma na romanceo, tunda sun danganta shi kai tsaye don tallafawa gypsies da inganta da kare costumbrismo.

Bayan abin da ya faru tare da littattafan waƙoƙi, Lorca ya yanke shawarar canza ɗan fage da wurin kuma ya yi tafiya zuwa New York. Kasancewa a ƙasashen Amurka an yi masa wahayi kuma an haifi littafinsa Mawaki a New York wanda ya fito fili shekaru hudu bayan aiwatar da shi.

Ya kasance a cikin 1936, a ranar 16 ga Agusta, bayan jerin abubuwan da suka faru irin na juyin mulkin ranar 19 ga Yuli, cewa theungiyar Civilungiyoyin Jama'a sun kame García Lorca. A wannan lokacin, yana gidan Luis Rosales, wani ƙaunataccen aboki wanda ya ba shi masauki. Ba a wuce kwana biyu ba lokacin da aka ba da umarnin harbe matashin mawaƙin, kuma haka abin ya kasance.

Akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa da suka shafi mutuwarsa, amma mashahuri ya nuna cewa watakila saboda luwadi ne ya bayyana. Gaskiyar ita ce dukkan aiki da rayuwar Federico García Lorca sun nuna alama a cikin adabin duniya, baitocinsa su ne hoton tofar da baitukan Spain.