"Cyrano de Bergerac." Edmond Rostand jarumin wasan kwaikwayo.

Yana da wuya a fuskanci sake dubawa na wani aiki kamar yadda Cyrano de Bergeracby Edmond Rostand, wanda aka buga a 1897, kuma yayi wannan shekarar a cikin Paris. An faɗi game da ita cewa, don kushe ta, dole ne mutum ya zama Faransanci, har ma sannan dole ne mutum ya yi tafiya da ƙafafun gubar. Bayan duk, wakiltar ruhun ƙasar Gallic, kamar yadda Don Quixote ya ƙunshi na mutanen Spain.

Cyrano de Bergerac Wasan kwaikwayo ne na wasan kwaikwayo a cikin ayyuka biyar, waɗanda aka rubuta a baiti, kuma wanda ke ba da labarin halaye da rayuwar mai ba wa wasan taken. Kodayake Cyrano ya wanzu a rayuwa ta ainihi, hangen nesan da Edmond Rostand ya ba mu bai dace da halayen tarihi ba, saboda yana da kyau sosai kuma ya dace. Rostand yayi la'akari Cyrano de Bergerac ba wai mafi girman aikinsa ba, amma har ma babban dalilin faduwarsa daga alheri. Game da ita ya ce: "Ni, a tsakanin inuwar Cyrano, da iyakokin gwanina, ba ni da wata mafita face mutuwa." Amma menene ya sa wannan rubutun ya zama na musamman, kuma me yasa yake da wuyar bugawa? Wanene, ko menene wannan masanin falsafar, mawaki, da takobi yake wakilta?

Mutumin da ya yi kansa

CYRANO.

Cyrano bai taɓa yin roƙo don kariya ba;

Ba ni da mai kare ni:

(Saka hannu a takobi)

Ee kariya!

Akwai, a ganina, maki uku game da makircin wannan wasan kwaikwayon. Na farkon su shine «mutum ya yi mutum. » Cyrano mutum ne mai alfahari, musketeer, kuma marubuci wanda zai yanke hannu maimakon canza wakafi ɗaya daga littattafansa don faranta ran mai martaba, ko kuma majiɓinci akan aiki. Ya raina da “ransa” da “ransa” kuma, don kiyaye ‘yancin kansa da yanci, baya tsoron talauci, sanyi, da wariyar launin fata. Kamar yadda shi da kansa ya ce, takensa shi ne: «Mutu, Haka ne! Sayar da ni, a'a!“Abin da ya fi haka, yana neman wannan keɓewa kusan a hankali, a matsayin wata hanya ta sake tabbatar da kansa, da kuma nuna wa duniya cewa babu wani abu kuma babu wanda zai iya karya ransa.

LITTAFIN.

Idan a danne shi yayi daidai

ruhun ku ... musketeer,

samun daukaka, kudi.

CYRANO.

Kuma da wane farashin zai kai shi?

Me ake nufi da zan yi amfani da shi?

An ba. Ana neman mai kariya

da kuma girma a cikin ni'imar ku

kamar aiwi wanda yake dorewa

m akwati runguma,

lasawa da ɓawon burodi,

smoothing da rashin ƙarfi

ahankali hawa

ƙoƙon? Shin ina girma haka?

Ni don wayo ya tashi?

Na hankalina ban tuna ba

ko da yawan kokarina?

Wannan sha'awar samun 'yancin zaɓe, kuma baya dogara ga wasu, ana iya yaba shi ƙwarai a sanannen Maganar Cyrano a karo na biyu yi. Sigar na sunan fim 1990 na Jean-Paul Rappeneau, kuma tare da babban rawar da Gérard Depardieu ya taka, wannan ya nuna:

Triaunar alwatika

CYRANO.

Kadai, a cikin duhu, muna tsammani

cewa kai ne, nine Ni, cewa muna son juna ...

Kai, idan kaga wani abu, to kawai baƙar fata ne

na kabido; Na ga fari

na rigarka mai haske rani ...

Enigma mai dadi, wannan yana daidaita ɗayan da ke birgewa!

Mu ne, mai kyau mai kyau,

ku a bayyane kuma ina inuwa!

Batu na biyu shine wani alwatika, dangantakar da ke tsakanin Cyrano, Roxana, da Cristián. Fitaccen jaruminmu, wanda ake yiwa kallon mummunan abu saboda girman hanci, ba ya da ƙarfin bayyana ƙaunarta ga Roxana saboda tsoron kada ta ƙi shi. Wannan tsoron yana ƙaruwa ne lokacin da ta gano cewa tana ƙaunarta da wani saurayi, ánan saurayi, ánan, wanda yake da duk wata kyakkyawar sha'awar da Cyrano bai mallaka ba. Koyaya, Cristián mutum ne mai ɗan leɓe, musamman yayin magana da mata. Don haka ya juya ga Cyrano da kansa don rubuta wasiƙun soyayya zuwa Roxana a madadinsa.

ROXANA.

Ina son ku! Karfafawa!

Kai tsaye! ...

CYRANO. - (Murmushi yayi tare da kokarin)

Labarin ban kyale shi ba.

Suka ce masa: "Ina kaunar ka!"

ga basarake, da munanan halayensa,

«INRI " a cikin gicciyensa,

kwatsam ya mutu

zuwa ga narkewar narkewar ambaliyar

na wannan magana duk haske.

Menene ba labari? Ina lafiya;

amma na ji wannan magana ...

kuma kun gani, na kasance mara kyau,

kuma har yanzu ina nakasa.

Wannan yanayin ya ƙare a cikin bikin aure tsakanin Roxana da Cristián. A nasa bangaren, Cyrano, kodayake yana ƙoƙari ya yaudare kansa, kuma yayi imani cewa yana farin ciki kawai gaskiyar furucin da yake nunawa soyayyarsa ta hanyar Cristián, a can ƙasa ya san cewa ƙarya ce. Amma, kamar yadda yake da taurin kai kamar koyaushe, bai taɓa yarda da hakan ba, koda kuwa lokacin da hujjoji suka bayyana cewa wasiƙun ne ya rubuta shi, kuma Roxana ya ƙare da soyayya da abubuwan da yake ji, duk da kyawun Cristian.

Wani bala'i na mutum

CYRANO.

Wannan shine rayuwata:

Manufar! ... a manta! ...

Ka tuna? Karkashin baranda

Cristián na soyayya yayi muku magana;

Ni, a inuwa, na nuna shi,

bawa ga yanayina.

Ina ƙasa, don wahala

da kuma burina na fada;

wasu sama, don isa

ɗaukaka, sumba, da jin daɗi.

Doka ce da nake jinjinawa da kyau,

tare da sa'a a kyakkyawar yarjejeniya:

saboda Molière yana da baiwa,

saboda Cristián kyakkyawa ne.

Batu na karshe shine masifar mutum by Tsakar Gida Ladansa na rayuwar da aka keɓe don kasancewa gaskiya ga kansa, don yaƙi don girmama kansa, rashin fahimta ne da yankewa daga cikin jama'a. Wannan shi ne babban wasan kwaikwayo, kuma mummunan halin wasan kwaikwayo: cewa a cikin duniyar nan waɗanda ke yin makirci kamar bera su ne waɗanda suka yi nasara, kuma waɗanda suka ci gaba, kuma suna da mutunci da daraja, sun lalace.

Cyrano de Bergerac wani adadi ne mai ban tausayi, amma kuma abin koyi ne; Yana nuna kwatankwacin burinmu na mutane: ,anci, daidaikun mutane, ƙarfin zuciya, ƙwarewa… duk waɗannan akidoji, da ƙari. Shi ne, kuma ba waninsa ba, mafi girman wakilcin gwagwarmayar mutum da al'ummar da ke neman nisanta shi. Akasin abin da kuke tsammani, kasancewa abin koyi ba zai taimaka muku wajen samun kowane farin ciki ba, a'a yana haifar muku da karfi zuwa halakar ku. Kamar Kristi a kan gicciye, Cyrano dole ne ya mutu, tare da hularsa mai alfahari a kansa, don ya sa mu yi tunani, ya tsarkake mu daga zunubanmu, kuma ya koya mana cewa ɗan adam na iya zama fiye da yadda yake.

CYRANO.

Ah, Ina jin an tuba

a cikin marmara! ... Amma, Ni Cyrano ne,

kuma da takobi a hannu

serene Na jira kuma na tsaya tsayi! […]

Me zaku ce? ... Wace nasara

wa yake kwadayin sam bai riske shi ba? ...

Idan babu fatan samun nasara

akwai bege na ɗaukaka! ...

Nawa kuke? Kun fi dubu?

Na san ku! Kai ne Fushi!

Son zuciya! Karya!

Matsoraci da munanan kishi! ...

Me zan yarda da shi? ... Shin na yarda? ...

Na san ku, Wawa!

Babu irin wannan ninka a cikina!

Mutu, eh! Sayar da ni, a'a!

Tare da ni za ku gama:

Babu damuwa! Mutuwa ina jira

kuma, in dai ya zo, ina so

yaƙi… kuma ko da yaushe yãƙi!

Zaka kwace min komai!

Komai! Lorel da fure!

Amma kiyaye abu daya

cewa baza ku iya fisge ni ba!

Laka ta rashin mutunci

bai taba fantsama shi;

kuma yau, a sama, yana barin ta

ga shuke-shuke na Ubangiji,

Dole ne in nuna ba tare da kunya ba

cewa, gafala ga duk wulãkanci,

ya kasance paragon na tsarki

har abada; kuma yana ... my plume.