Magana daga Juan Valera
Juan Valera ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan marubutan adabin Mutanen Espanya na ƙarni na XNUMX. Salon nasa ya kasance na musamman kuma ba ya misaltuwa, yana bayyana ta hanyar nuna rayuwa ta gaske, amma ta hanyar ƙawata da manufa. Haka ya halitta Pepita Jimenez (1874), labarin da ya ba wa masu karatu mamaki da masu sukar lokacin, ya zama sanannen aiki a Spain da duniya.
A cikin kwazonsa na marubuci. Valera ta tsunduma cikin nau'ikan adabi da yawa, tana zuwa don mamaye wakoki, gajerun labarai, wasiku, labari da wasan kwaikwayo.. Yawancin waɗannan ayyukan an sake fitar da su har ma an daidaita su don fim, wasan kwaikwayo ko talabijin. Hakazalika, a tsawon lokaci an gabatar da tarin cikakken aikin nasa, na baya-bayan nan wanda aka fara a shekarar 1995.
Ayyukan Juan Valera
Pepita Jimenez (1874)
Shi ne aikin farko na Mutanen Espanya, wanda ya fara rubutawa a cikin 1873 kuma an buga shi a shekara guda. Marubucin ya yi ikirarin cewa ya shirya littafin ne daga wani takarda da aka gano a wani haikali a Andalusia. Rubutun ya ƙunshi ɓangarori biyu: ɗaya an faɗa azaman rubutun wasiƙa (wasiƙa daga jarumi zuwa kawunsa) da kuma wani wanda aka ƙirƙira a cikin mutum na uku.
A cikin 1895, fitaccen mawaƙin Spain Isaac Albéniz ya shirya wasan opera bisa shirin Kayan goro. Hakazalika, an daidaita shi da fim ɗin sau huɗu: 1927, 1946, 1975 da 1978. Manuel Aguado ne ya ba da umarnin wannan sabon sigar kuma TVE ta gabatar a cikin shirye-shiryen. An kuma samar da sigar wasan kwaikwayo da aka fara a 1896 a Teatro del Liceo a Barcelona.
Synopsis
louis de vargas ya kasance dalibi ga firist abu ashirin Ya koma gida hutu na karshe kafin kada kuri'a. lokacin saduwa sake tare da mahaifinsa - Malam Pedro- ya gabatar da shi da angonsa, Pepita Jimenez. Cike da mamakin yarinyar, malamin semina ya fara shakkar sana'arsa tare da kowace haduwa da mahaifiyarsa ta gaba.
Luis ya fara da babban gwagwarmaya ta ruhaniya tsakanin ƙaunar allahntaka da ɗan adam, wanda ya bayyana a cikin wasiƙu zuwa ga kawunsa Dean. A ƙarshe, sha'awar ta fi ƙarfin hankali kuma matasan biyu sun yi hauka cikin soyayya.. A lokacin ne Pepita ya matsa wa Luis ya bayyana komai ga mahaifinsa, wanda zai ba su mamaki da abin da ya yi.
Uwargida Haske (1879)
Wannan shine littafi na biyar na marubucin, wanda aka buga a karon farko a cikin littafin Mujallar Zamani tsakanin Nuwamba 1878 da Maris 1879. Kamar yadda a cikin Pepita Jimenez (1874), jaruminsa ya tsaga tsakanin soyayya ta jiki da ta sama. Duk da haka, abubuwan da suka faru ba su kai ga kyakkyawan ƙarshe ba. Ba kamar wanda ya gabace shi ba, sakamakon yana da ban tausayi.
Babu kayayyakin samu.
Synopsis
Luz ta kasance mahaifinta ne kawai, Marquis na Villafría, tun da mahaifiyarta—mace da ba ta da tabbas— ta rasu sa’ad da take ’yar shekara biyu. Duk da cewa yana cikin babbar jama'ar Madrid. Dukansu sun ƙaura zuwa wani ƙaramin gari a Andalusia. Dalili: aristocrat ya ɓata dukiyarsa a lokacin yawo a babban birnin Spain
Da zarar an shigar Villafria, marquis, wanda ya riga ya lalatar da kudi. yayi rashin lafiya ya mutu. Kafin mutuwarsa, ya bar Don Acisclo—mai kula da iyali—mai kula da Luz. Don haka, budurwar ta zama mace mai ilimi ba tare da shirin aure ba. Amma, komai ya canza lokacin da ya sadu da friar Dominico Enrique da sojan soja Don Jaime Pimentel.
Juanita the Long (1895)
Labarin soyayya ne da aka buga a Rashin Rashin Gaskiya tsakanin Oktoba da Disamba 1895. Abubuwan da aka ruwaito sun faru a Villalegre, a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX. Makircinta ya shafi soyayyar da ke tsakanin tsoho da yarinya.. Littafin ya yi fice don abubuwan ban dariya, tare da al'ada da maganganun magana, tare da kwararren kwatancen Spain na wancan lokacin.
Synopsis
Juanita yana daya daga cikin matasa mafi kyau a garin, haka dukan mazan can suna so su ci ta. Duk da haka, ta kula kawai mutum: Don Paco, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, duk da ninka shekarunsa sau uku, kuma yayi daidai da shi. A halin yanzu, dole ne su duka biyun su yi yaƙi don kare soyayyar su daga al'ummar munafunci waɗanda suke ganin ba su da ɗabi'a.
Hazaka da adadi (1897)
Yana ɗaya daga cikin littattafan marubucin da aka fi sani da shi saboda ruɗar wallafe-wallafen da ya haifar da jigon sa na kusa da littattafan batsa na Faransa. A wannan karon, ana gudanar da aikin ne tsakanin Rio de Janeiro da Paris, inda manyan al'ummomin wuraren biyu ke halarta. A cikin ƙarin, labarin ya samo asali ne daga abubuwan da suka faru da kuma soyayya na marubucin Iberian a lokacin da yake cikin birnin Brazil..
Synopsis
Rafaela mace ’yar Andalus ce da aka fi sani da “La Generosa”, wata baiwar Allah wadda saboda dabara da halayenta. a yi aure mai kyau Ƙungiyoyin da aka ambata a baya sun ba shi damar yin fice a cikin zamantakewar zamantakewar Rio de Janeiro da Paris.. Duk da haka, hakan bai canza dabi'ar da ta kai ta ga samun wannan matsayi ba, ba a banza aka san ta da "yarinya ba".
walrus soyayya (1899)
Wannan shine aikin ƙarshe na marubucin Cordovan, wanda aka buga a Madrid a cikin 1899. Littafi ne na kasada na tarihi tare da wasu tabo na adabi masu ban sha'awa. Babban jarumin shine Fray Miguel de Zuheros, wani dattijo mazaunin gidan zuhudu wanda yake da halin damuwa, fushi da rashin gamsuwa. Amma wata rana ya fara barin bacin ransa a baya lokacin da ya tashi ya zama ƙarami saboda aikin ɗanɗano.
Babu kayayyakin samu.
Synopsis
Fray Ambrosio de Utrera - likita mai sihiri - yana ba da babban halayen elixir mai ragewa. a farka, Fray Miguel de Zuheros ya sami kansa cikin farfadowa. Tare da wannan canji, mutumin ya yanke shawarar yin kasuwanci a duniya tare da Fray Tiburcio.
A kan tafiya, friars suna fuskantar yanayi mara iyaka tsakanin soyayya, raunin zuciya, nasara da cin nasara. Haka shekaru ke tafiya har jarumin ya dawo gidan zuhudu da ya baro. A can za ku iya rufe zagayowar rayuwar ku cikin kwanciyar hankali da cikin soyayyar Allah.
Game da marubucin, Juan Valera
John Valera
Juan Valera da Alcalá-Galiano An haife shi a ranar Litinin, Oktoba 18, 1824, a cikin gundumar Mutanen Espanya Cabra na lardin Cordoba. Iyayensa sune jami'in sojan ruwa José Valera y Viaña, da Marquesa de la Paniega Dolores Alcalá-Galiano y Pareja. Lokacin da marubucin nan gaba ya kasance yaro, iyalin suka koma Madrid kuma ba da daɗewa ba zuwa Malaga saboda ayyukan soja na uba..
Daga 1837 zuwa 1840. Valera ta yi karatun Harshe da Falsafa a makarantar hauza ta Malaga. A 1841 ya fara karatunsa a Sacromonte a Granada, inda ya sauke karatu a fannin Falsafa da Shari'a a Jami'ar Granada a shekara ta 1846. A lokacin da yake jami'a ya fara buga wakokinsa na farko kuma ya kasance mai aminci mabiyin wakokin soyayya.
Aikin diflomasiyya da siyasa
A 1847 ya fara a matsayin jami'in diflomasiyya lokacin da ya shiga ofishin jakadancin a Naples by Ángel de Saavedra, Duke na Rivas. Godiya ga haka, ya zagaya Turai da Amurka, inda ya yi aiki a wasu muhimman ofisoshin jakadancin Spain. Bayan shekaru goma sha ɗaya, ya yanke shawarar zama a Madrid sannan ya bar jami’an diflomasiyya na wucin gadi don ya sadaukar da kansa ga siyasa.
Aikin adabi
ya fara nasa sana’ar adabi a matsayin mawaki da littafinsa na farko kasidu na waka (1844), wanda aka sayar da kwafi 3 kawai. Ya kasance a cikin 1874 lokacin da ya shiga cikin nau'in labari tare da Pepita Jimenez (1874). Daga baya, ya ci gaba da sauran littafai masu nasara kamar: Rikicin likita Faustino (1875) y Kwamanda Mendoza (1877).
Wannan mataki na farko a matsayin marubuci ya rufe da Uwargida Haske (1879), daga baya ya huta saboda tsananin makanta. Duk da irin wannan mawuyacin hali. Bayan shekaru goma sha shida ya ci gaba da aikinsa na adabi da sabbin ruwayoyi guda hudu da aka kammala kafin rasuwarsa (ya faru a ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1905). Daga cikin wadannan ayyuka sun yi fice Juanita the Long (1895) y Hazaka da adadi (1897).
Novels daga Juan Valera
- Pepita Jimenez (1874)
- Rikicin likita Faustino (1875)
- Kwamanda Mendoza (1877)
- yi wayo (1878)
- Uwargida Haske (1879)
- Juanita the Long (1895)
- Hazaka da adadi (1897)
- walrus soyayya (1899).