Francisco Perez Martínez, wanda aka fi sani da Umbral Francisco, an haife shi ne a Madrid, a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 1935 kuma ya mutu a wannan garin, a ranar 28 ga Agusta, 2007. Ya kasance ɗan jaridar Spain, marubuta, marubucin tarihi da kuma marubuta.
Garin Valladolid, inda marigayi marubuci ya kwashe tsawon rayuwarsa, kuma ya fara da wasiƙu ta hanyar aikin jarida, ya shirya haraji don tunawa da shi tare da ƙaddamar da titi da aiki a cikin Baje kolin Littattafai, wanda Za a gudanar daga 1 ga Mayu zuwa 11, ranar da ta dace da ranar haihuwarsa.
Yankin Parquesol, ɗayan ɗayan yankunan da ke da faɗakarwa da ƙimar jama'a, an zaɓi shi don ya ba da martabar Umbral Francisco (1935-2007), wanda a cikin Valladolid ya wallafa rubuce-rubucensa na farko, a cikin mujallar «Cisne», na SEU, kuma suna aiki tare a kai a kai a cikin jaridar «Arewacin Castile« daga 1957.
Jaridar «Jaridar Duniya ta Valladolid«, Saboda waccan jaridar ita ce masauki na ƙarshe na rukunin Umbral Francisco, tun 1989, tare da taken «Jin daɗi da ranakun«, An buga shi a baya a«El País»(1976-1988) kuma a cikin ɓata«Diary 16« (1988).
Majalisar lardin Valladolid ta riga ta ba Umbral a rayuwa, a cikin 1994, haraji tare da isar da Kyaututtukansa na Adabi da kuma buga littafi game da rayuwarsa da aikinsa.
Labaran da Francisco Umbral ya rubuta
- Tamoure (1965)
- Thug Ballad (1965)
- Haye Madrid (1966)
- Budurwai (1969)
- Idan da mun san cewa soyayyar kenan (1969)
- El Giocondo (1970), game da yanayin luwadi a Madrid
- Turawa (1970)
- Tunawa da ɗa na hannun dama (1972)
- Mugayen Aljannu (1973)
- M da Pink (1975)
- Nymphs (lambar Nadal, 1975)
- Timeaunar Rana (1979)
- Itace Ferns (1980)
- Dabbar ruwan hoda (1981)
- Mala'ikun Guardian (1981)
- Rayukan A'araf (1982)
- Madrid Trilogy (1984)
- Pius XII, Escort na Moorish da Janar wanda ba shi da Ido (1985)
- Babu komai ranar Lahadi (1988)
- Ranar Da Na Yiwa Alma Mahler Fyade (1988)
- Hasken Afirka (1989)
- Kuma Tierno Galván ya hau zuwa sama (1990)
- Labarin Kaisar hangen nesa (Kyautar Masu suka, 1992)
- Madrid, 1940 (1993)
- 'Yan matan Avignon (1995)
- Madrid 1950 (1995)
- Capitalasar Raɗaɗi (1996)
- Ƙirƙirar ɓarawo (1997)
- Labaran soyayya da Viagra (1998)
- Wani daga nesa (2001)
- Karfe na Daren (2003)
- Ranar farin ciki a Argüelles (2005)
- Lovedaunataccen ƙarni na 2007 (XNUMX)
Bayani da tarihin da Francisco Umbral ya rubuta
Ya kuma rubuta rubutun kansa game da taken kamar Rubutun na dindindin (Daga Rubén Darío zuwa Cela) (1989), Maganar kabila (1994), Kamus din adabi (1995), Madrid, ƙabilar birni (2000) ko Da alama (2001). Kunnawa Cela: gawa mai kyau (2002), ya bayar da fassarar kansa game da wanene majiɓincin sa kuma aboki kuma a ciki Kuma yaya gamar Madame Bovary suke? (2003) tana ba da hotunan gajerun hotuna na marubutan da ta fi so. A matsayina na marubuci, ya buga Kuma Tierno Galván ya hau samaniya (1990) inda yake rera waka yana nazarin sauyin siyasa a Spain daga mutuwar Franco a 1975 zuwa jana'izar ɗayan mashahuran magajin garin Madrid a 1986; a kan Phelpism na Zamani: Dimokiradiyya ya Dakata (1991) y Jan shekaru goma (1993), ya rushe shugabancin da Felipe González yayi kuma a Jamhuriyar Banana Amurka, wanda ke magana game da abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 11 ga Satumba a New York, yakin Amurka a Afghanistan da gwamnatin George Bush (2002). Ya nuna damuwarsa da yare a cikin Ictionaryamus na Matalauta (1977), da Cheli kamus (1983) ko Maganar kabila (1994).
Tarihin rayuwa da tarihin rayuwar Francisco Umbral
Ya kuma wallafa labaran rayuwa da na adabi tare da mahangar asali game da marubutan gargajiya na adabin karni na XNUMX da na XNUMX, kamar su Larra, ilmin jikin mutum na dandy (1965), Lorca, la'anar mawaki (1968), Ramón da masu nasara (1978) y Valle-Inclán: farin piqué takalmin idon sawun (1997) da sauran masu ilmantarwa kamar Valle-Inclan (1968); Ubangiji Byron (1969); Miguel Delibes hoton mai sanya wuri (1970); Lola Flores, ilimin halayyar dan adam na petenera (1971). Littattafan tarihin rayuwa suna da babi na musamman a wannan sashin, kodayake tarihin rayuwar ya kuma mamaye ambatonsa da aikin jarida, daga cikinsu akwai abin da ya cancanci karin haske Daren da na isa Cafe Gijón (1977), Tunawa da sha'awa (Jiki mai girma) (1992), Gan Greta Garbo (1977) da kuma bayanan aikin jarida Ranar farin ciki a Argüelles (2005).
Lambobin yabo da marubucin ya samu
Samu Gabriel Miró Kyautar Labari na Shortasa a 1964 da Tamoure kuma ya kasance na karshe a Kyautar Guipúzcoa shekara guda ga gajeren littafinsa Ballad dan damfara. A 1965 labarinsa Kwanaki ba tare da makaranta ba samu Lardin Leon Award. A karshen shekarun sittin ya kasance dan takarar karshe na kyautar gajerun labarai Tartessos ta hanyar Marilén kaka-hunturu. Shi ne mai ƙarshe na Kyautar Elisenda de Moncada de 'Da mun san cewa soyayyar kenan' (1969).
A shekarar 1975 ya samu Kyautar Carlos Arniches daga Babban Kungiyar Marubuta kuma a waccan shekarar da Kyautar Nadal labari by Nymphs.
Tuni a cikin 80s González Ruano Kyauta ga aikin Jarida a 1980 don labarinsa Shekaru uku, wanda aka buga a lokacinsa a El País; ya kasance dan wasan karshe na kyautar Planeta a shekarar 1985 tare da Pius XII, rakiyan Moorish da janar ba tare da ido ba.
A shekarar 1990 ya samu Marian na Cavia ga labarin jaridar sa Bare Martin, tuni daga matakin sa a Duniya da kuma kyautar Antonio Machado tare da karamin labarinsa Tattoo. A shekarar 1992 littafin nasa Labarin Kaisar mai hangen nesa samu Kyautar masu sukar 1991. A 1994 ya cimma nasarar Juan Valera Kyauta don Litattafan Tarihi da kuma VII Kyautar Jarida ta Kasa da Kasa ta Gidauniyar Mutanen Espanya. A 1995 ya karbi Francisco Cerecedo Award daga ofungiyar Journalan Jaridun Turai. A 1996 ne Kyautar Yariman Asturias don Adabi; a 1997 ne Fernando Lara kyauta de Kirkirar barawo. A cikin 1997 Ma'aikatar Al'adu ta ba shi Kyautar Kasa don Haruffa Mutanen Espanya ga dukkan aikinsa kuma an bashi shi Lambar Zinare daga Círculo de Bellas Artes de Madrid da kuma León Felipe Award don 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki. An ba shi suna Doctor Honoris Causa ta Kwalejin Ilimin Watsa Labarai na Jami'ar Complutense ta Madrid (1999). A 2000 ya samu Kyautar Cervantes kuma a 2003 da Kyautar aikin jarida ta Mesonero Romanos.
Littafin tarihin marubuci
- Anna Caballé, Francisco Umbral. Sanyin rayuwa, Espasa-Calpe, 2004. ISBN 978-84-670-1308-5
- María P. Celmar, Francisco Umbral, Valladolid: Jami'ar, 2003. ISBN 978-84-8448-223-9
- Javier Villán, Francisco Umbral. Cikakken rubutu, Madrid: Espasa Calpe, 1996. ISBN 978-84-239-7823-6
- Antonio López de Zuazo Algar, Kundin labari na 'Yan Jaridun Spain na ƙarni na 1981. Madrid, 978. ISBN 84-86227-81-4-XNUMX
- Tsakanin koguna. Mujallar Arts da Haruffa A'a. 2, Bazara bazara, 2005 (Monograph wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga Francisco Umbral tare da karatu daban-daban, rubutun da ba a buga ba da kuma zabar gutsutsuren ayyukan sa) Asociación Minerva de Artes y Letras (Granada)
- Gómez Calderón, Bernardo, Thiarayin Wuta: Francisco Umbral's Press Work. Málaga, Associationungiyar Bincike da Ci gaban Sadarwa ta 2004. ISBN 84-609-3181-1