Charles Perrault: tarihin rayuwa da mafi kyawun labarin yara

Charles Perrault marubuci ne wanda ya riga ya zama ɓangare na yarintar mu, na tarihi, na labarin duniya. Nasa wasu daga cikin shahararrun labaran yara wadanda basuda wani lokaci, kodayake gaskiyar wannan marubucin Bafaranshe koyaushe yana komawa kan masarauta da "duniyar gaske" fiye da tatsuniya. Rayuwa da aikin Charles Perrault Ba wai kawai tarihi kawai yake da ban sha'awa ba, amma kuma idan ya zo ga fahimtar sihiri wanda har abada ya canza ikon bayar da labari.

Charles Perrault: mai ba da labari a Kotun

An haifi Charles Perrault a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1628 a Paris, a cikin kirjin dangin bourgeois wanda mahaifinsa ya kasance lauya ne a Majalisar, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar more rayuwa ta gari. An haifi Perrault a lokacin haihuwa biyu wanda tagwayen sa, François, ya mutu bayan watanni shida da shigowa duniya.

A cikin 1637 ya shiga Kwalejin Beauvais, inda ya nuna ƙwarewar fasaha da matattun harsuna. A 1643 fara karatun aikin lauya domin bin hanyoyin mahaifinsa da ɗan'uwansa, Pierre, babban mai tarawa da babban mai ba shi kariya. Kuma tun daga ƙaramin sa, Perrault ya nuna ƙwarewar karatu, wannan shine babban fifikon sa a rayuwar sa.

A 1951 ya kammala karatun sa na Kungiyar Lauyoyi sannan bayan shekaru uku ya zama jami'i a tsarin gwamnati. Daga cikin gudummawar sa ta farko, marubucin ya halarci kirkirar Kwalejin Kimiyya da Kwalejin Fasaha. Koyaya, duk da matsayinsa a fagen siyasa da kuma alaƙar sa da fasaha, Perrault bai taɓa sabawa tsarin ba kuma bai ba alamun mafarkin da labaransa za su tayar da shekaru ba. Rayuwarsa ta iyakance ga cika aikinsa da kuma girmama Sarki Louis XIV a cikin waƙoƙi da tattaunawa, wanda ya ba shi sha'awar manyan wurare da matsayin sakataren Kwalejin Kwalejin Faransa a 1663 ƙarƙashin sandar babban mai kare shi, Colbert, mai ba da shawara ga Louis XIV.

A cikin 1665, zai zama ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran masarauta. A shekarar 1671 aka nada shi Shugabar Kwalejin kuma ya auri Marie Guichon, wacce tare da ita suka samu diya mace ta farko a shekarar 1673. A waccan shekarar ce aka nada shi Wakilin Makarantar. Yana da ƙarin 'ya'ya uku, ya rasa matarsa ​​bayan haihuwar na ƙarshe, a 1678. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Perrault ya ba da matsayinsa ga ɗan Colbert, lokacin da zai nuna canjin sa zuwa ga fuskokin marubucin yara wanda babban taken shi ne Tatsuniyoyi daga zamanin da, waɗanda aka fi sani da Tatsuniyoyin Uwar Goose. Duk da rubuta waɗannan labaran a cikin 1683, ba za a buga su ba sai 1697.

A cikin shekarunsa na ƙarshe na rayuwa, Perrault ya sadaukar da kansa ga rubuta abubuwan ƙyama ga tsarin sarauta, sarkin Sweden, Spain da, musamman, Louis XIV. Ya sadaukar da waqar gare shi El Uryarnin Louis Mai Girma, wanda ya haifar da rikici bayan fitowar ta a 1687.

Charles Perrault ya mutu a ranar 16 ga Mayu, 1703 a Paris.

Charles Perrault: Mafi Kyawun Labarin Shi

Kodayake wani ɓangare na aikin wallafe-wallafensa (gami da rubuce-rubucensa 46 da aka buga bayan mutuwa) ya yi magana game da sarakuna, Kotun da yanayin siyasa, Labaran yaran Perrault sun ƙunshi halaye na ɗabi'a waɗanda marubucin ya ɗauka suna da muhimmanci a lokutan rikice-rikice kamar na ƙarni na XNUMX na Faransa.

Ogres, almara, kuliyoyi da 'ya'yan sarakuna sun fara zanawa a kansa ta hanyar labaran da ke yawo a tsakanin manyan aji a matsayin gadon magana daga wasu ƙasashen Turai da wasu na daban. Hakanan, saitunan gaske waɗanda marubuci ya taɓa ziyarta, kamar su Ussé, a cikin sashin Indre da Loire, zai ba da labarai kamar suchabilar Barci.

Littafin da ya tara wani ɓangare na waɗannan labaran an yi masa take Histoires ou contes du temps passé, avec des halin kirki tare da taken na Contes de ma mère l'Oye akan murfin baya. Volumearar ta ƙunshi labarai takwas, mafi shahara daga Charles Perrault:

Kyakkyawan jimiri

Shahararren labarin Gimbiya Aurora, wanda aka yanke wa hukuncin yin bacci har abada bayan an buge shi da sanda, ya zama ɗayan labarai mafi ƙarancin tarihi a tarihi. Perrault ya jawo kan bacci gimbiya tatsuniya Don haka maimaitawa a cikin tsofaffin labaran Icelandic ko Sifaniyanci kuma ƙara ƙarin taɓawa da fahimta.

Redananan Hood Hood

Labarin yarinyar da ke sanye da hular kaho da ta yi karo da kerkeci a kan hanyar zuwa gidan kakarta ta fito labari daga zamanin da don nuna bambance-bambance tsakanin gari da daji. Perrault ya danne mafi yawan bayanai na sirri (kamar gayyatar kerkeci zuwa Little Red Riding Hood don ya cinye ragowar kaka) kuma ya cancanci dabi'a ga dukkan 'yan mata idan ya kasance game da hana su saduwa da baƙi.

Shuɗin Gemu

Arin bayanan da ba shi da kyau game da tatsuniyoyin Perrault ya yi ishara da wata mata wacce ta gano gawarwakin tsoffin matan sabon mijinta a cikin wani katafaren gida. Kodayake tarihin kyawawan gidaje da miji mai ban al'ajabi sun samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyin Girka iri ɗaya, amma an yi imanin cewa Perrault ya samo asali ne daga adadi irin na mai kisan gilla Gilles de Rais, karni na XNUMX karni na Breton.

A cat da takalma

Kyanwa ɗan ɗan mashin wanda ya ba da duk gadonsa bayan ya mutu ya zama jigon wannan tatsuniyar mai ban dariya wacce har yanzu fassararta ke haifar da mahawara fiye da ɗaya. Wasu na dogaro da ka’idar cewa kyanwa da ke tafiyar da kasuwancin ya zama darasi a tsarin gudanar da kasuwanci, yayin da wasu kuma ke nuna dabbar da aka goya a matsayin wani abin misali ga dabi’ar mutum ta dabba.

Cinderella

'Yan labaru kalilan ne suka shude kamar na wancan Cinderella, matashiyar da tayi wa uwar miji hidima da kuma mata biyu masu kishin auren yarima. Labarin ya nuna mafi mahimmancin ra'ayi a duniya: gwagwarmaya da nagarta da mugunta, jigo wanda ya riga ya kasance a ɗayan farkon fasalin labarin daga cientasar Misira.

Thumbelina

Thumbelina ita ce ƙarama cikin yara takwas. Babban fa'idar da ta bashi damar ɓoye kansa cikin takalmin ogagin wanda yake son cinye su duka. Misali cewa girman ba ya tantance darajar ɗan adam.

Sauran labaran guda biyu da aka sanya a cikin littafin sune Gwanayen da Riquet tare da goshin goshi, kasan sani. Hakanan, an haɗa nau'ikan tatsuniyoyi na Mahaifiyar Goose mai zuwa Fatar Ass, wani littafin gargajiya na Perrault wanda yayi tir da lalata ta hanyar ba da labarin wani sarki da ya nemi auren ‘yarsa.

Menene labarin Charles Perrault da kuka fi so?

Shin kun san wadannan Labarai 7 don karantawa a tsawon lokacin tafiya jirgin karkashin kasa?